scholarly journals Superoxide Dismutase1 Levels in North Indian Population with Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Anand ◽  
Neel K. Sharma ◽  
Amod Gupta ◽  
Sudesh Prabhakar ◽  
Suresh K. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Difference

Aim.The aim of the study was to estimate the levels of superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1) in patients of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and examine the role of oxidative stress, smoking, hypertension, and other factors involved in the pathogenesis of AMD.Methods.115 AMD patients and 61 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Serum SOD1 levels were determined by ELISA and were correlated to various risk factors. Logistic regression model of authenticity, by considering SOD1 as independent variable, has been developed along with ROC curve.Results.The SOD1 levels were significantly higher in AMD patients as compared to those of the controls. The difference was not significant for wet and dry AMD. However, the difference was significant between wet AMD subtypes. Nonsignificance of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit statistic (χ2=10.516,df=8,P=0.231) indicates the appropriateness of logistic regression model to predict AMD.Conclusion.Oxidative stress in AMD patients may mount compensatory response resulting in increased levels of SOD1 in AMD patients. To predict the risk of AMD on the basis of SOD1, a logistic regression model shows authenticity of 78%, and area under the ROC curve (0.827,P=.0001) with less standard error of 0.033 coupled with 95% confidence interval of 0.762–0.891 further validates the model.

scholarly journals The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Blood-Retinal Barrier Physiology in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Annamaria Tisi ◽  
Marco Feligioni ◽  
Maurizio Passacantando ◽  
Marco Ciancaglini ◽  
Rita Maccarone
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Blood Retinal Barrier ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

The blood retinal barrier (BRB) is a fundamental eye component, whose function is to select the flow of molecules from the blood to the retina and vice-versa, and its integrity allows the maintenance of a finely regulated microenvironment. The outer BRB, composed by the choriocapillaris, the Bruch’s membrane, and the retinal pigment epithelium, undergoes structural and functional changes in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness worldwide. BRB alterations lead to retinal dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Several risk factors have been associated with AMD onset in the past decades and oxidative stress is widely recognized as a key factor, even if the exact AMD pathophysiology has not been exactly elucidated yet. The present review describes the BRB physiology, the BRB changes occurring in AMD, the role of oxidative stress in AMD with a focus on the outer BRB structures. Moreover, we propose the use of cerium oxide nanoparticles as a new powerful anti-oxidant agent to combat AMD, based on the relevant existing data which demonstrated their beneficial effects in protecting the outer BRB in animal models of AMD.

scholarly journals Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Role of Oxidative Stress and Blood Vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1296
Author(s):  
Yue Ruan ◽  
Subao Jiang ◽  
Adrian Gericke
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Age Related

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common irreversible ocular disease characterized by vision impairment among older people. Many risk factors are related to AMD and interact with each other in its pathogenesis. Notably, oxidative stress and choroidal vascular dysfunction were suggested to be critically involved in AMD pathogenesis. In this review, we give an overview on the factors contributing to the pathophysiology of this multifactorial disease and discuss the role of reactive oxygen species and vascular function in more detail. Moreover, we give an overview on therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from AMD.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Damage in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration Like NFE2L2/PGC-1α -/- Mouse Model Evoke Complement Component C5a Independent of C3

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 622
Author(s):  
Iswariyaraja Sridevi Gurubaran ◽  
Hanna Heloterä ◽  
Stephen Marry ◽  
Ali Koskela ◽  
Juha M. T. Hyttinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Complement Component ◽  
Factor H ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dry Amd

Aging-associated chronic oxidative stress and inflammation are known to be involved in various diseases, e.g., age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Previously, we reported the presence of dry AMD-like signs, such as elevated oxidative stress, dysfunctional mitophagy and the accumulation of detrimental oxidized materials in the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (NFE2L2/PGC1α) double knockout (dKO) mouse model. Here, we investigated the dynamics of inflammatory markers in one-year-old NFE2L2/PGC1α dKO mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in levels of Toll-like receptors 3 and 9, while those of NOD-like receptor 3 were decreased in NFE2L2/PGC1α dKO retinal specimens as compared to wild type animals. Further analysis showed a trend towards an increase in complement component C5a independent of component C3, observed to be tightly regulated by complement factor H. Interestingly, we found that thrombin, a serine protease enzyme, was involved in enhancing the terminal pathway producing C5a, independent of C3. We also detected an increase in primary acute phase C-reactive protein and receptor for advanced glycation end products in NFE2L2/PGC1α dKO retina. Our main data show C5 and thrombin upregulation together with decreased C3 levels in this dry AMD-like model. In general, the retina strives to mount an orchestrated inflammatory response while attempting to maintain tissue homeostasis and resolve inflammation.

scholarly journals Photo-damage, photo-protection and age-related macular degeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1560-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa D. Marquioni-Ramella ◽  
Angela M. Suburo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Photo Damage ◽  
Effect Of Light

The course of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is described as the effect of light (400–580 nm) on various molecular targets in photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Photo-damage is followed by inflammation, increasing oxidative stress and, probably, unveiling new photosensitive molecules.

scholarly journals Central Role of Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence from a Review of the Molecular Mechanisms and Animal Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Abokyi ◽  
Chi-Ho To ◽  
Tim T. Lam ◽  
Dennis Y. Tse
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of visual impairment in the elderly. There are very limited therapeutic options for AMD with the predominant therapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the retina of patients afflicted with wet AMD. Hence, it is important to remind readers, especially those interested in AMD, about current studies that may help to develop novel therapies for other stages of AMD. This study, therefore, provides a comprehensive review of studies on human specimens as well as rodent models of the disease, to identify and analyze the molecular mechanisms behind AMD development and progression. The evaluation of this information highlights the central role that oxidative damage in the retina plays in contributing to major pathways, including inflammation and angiogenesis, found in the AMD phenotype. Following on the debate of oxidative stress as the earliest injury in the AMD pathogenesis, we demonstrated how the targeting of oxidative stress-associated pathways, such as autophagy and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling, might be the futuristic direction to explore in the search of an effective treatment for AMD, as the dysregulation of these mechanisms is crucial to oxidative injury in the retina. In addition, animal models of AMD have been discussed in great detail, with their strengths and pitfalls included, to assist inform in the selection of suitable models for investigating any of the molecular mechanisms.

Intuitionistic Fuzzy Partial Logistic Regression Model Using Ridge Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 527-543
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Hesamian ◽  
Mohammad Ghasem Akbari ◽  
Mehdi Roozbeh
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Smooth Function ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Ridge Estimation ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy

This paper applies a ridge estimation approach in an existing partial logistic regression model with exact predictors, intuitionistic fuzzy responses, intuitionistic fuzzy coefficients and intuitionistic fuzzy smooth function to improve an existing intuitionistic fuzzy partial logistic regression model in the presence of multicollinearity. For this purpose, ridge methodology is also involved to estimate the parametric intuitionistic fuzzy coefficients and nonparametric intuitionistic fuzzy smooth function. Some common goodness-of-fit criteria are also used to examine the performance of the proposed regression model. The potential application of the proposed method are illustrated and compared with the intuitionistic partial logistic regression model through two numerical examples. The results clearly indicate the proposed ridge method is quite efficient in model’s performances when there is multicollinearity among the predictors.

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