scholarly journals Exploring Spatial Associations between On-Sale Alcohol Availability, Neighborhood Population Characteristics, and Violent Crime in a Geographically Isolated City

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daikwon Han ◽  
Dennis M. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Alcohol Outlets ◽  
Spatial Associations ◽  
Alcohol Availability ◽  
Global Regression ◽  
Geographically Isolated

Objectives. Despite the increasing evidence of the associations between alcohol availability and violence, there are still inconsistent findings on the effects of on- and off-sale alcohol outlets on violent crime. The aim of this study was to examine spatial associations between on-sale alcohol availability, neighborhood characteristics, and violent crime in a geographically isolated city in Texas.Methods. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) and global regression models were employed to analyze the nature of the spatial relationship between violent crime, neighborhood sociocultural characteristics, and on-sale alcohol environment.Results. We found strong effects of neighborhood characteristics combined with on-sale alcohol availability on violence outcomes. Several neighborhood variables combined with alcohol availability explained about 63% of the variability in violence. An additional 7% was explained by the GWR model, while spatially nonstationary associations between violence and some predictor variables were observed.Conclusions. This study provided more credible evidence of the influence of on-sale alcohol outlets on violence in a unique setting. These findings have important policy implications in addressing the question of public health consequences of alcohol-related violence in local contexts.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Alcohol Beverage Types and Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-200
Author(s):  
Aleksandra J. Snowden
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Alcohol Outlets ◽  
Observation Instrument ◽  
Beverage Type ◽  
Social Observation ◽  
Ecological Association ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

There is substantial evidence of an ecological association between off-premise alcohol outlets and violence. We know less, however, about how specific beverage types that are sold in the outlets might explain the difference in violence rates across different alcohol outlets. Data on alcohol beverage types were collected for all off-premise alcohol outlets in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, using a systematic social observation instrument. Spatially lagged regression models were estimated to determine whether the variation in alcohol beverage types is related to robbery density net of important neighborhood predictors of crime rates. Availability of all alcohol beverage types (beer, wine, spirits, premixed, single beer, single spirits, single premixed) was positively associated with the density of robberies, net of neighborhood characteristics. Reducing alcohol beverages, regardless of the beverage type, sold at off-premise alcohol outlets may reduce violence in communities.

Beer Joints and Badasses: An Aggregate-Level Assessment of Alcohol Availability and Violent Crime

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 465-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
John K. Cochran ◽  
Kenneth Rowan ◽  
William R. Blount ◽  
Kathleen Heide ◽  
Christine S. Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Aggregate Level ◽  
Alcohol Availability

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship between Urban Land Expansion and Economic Linkage Using Coupling Analysis: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Chen ◽  
Changyan Wu ◽  
Xianjin Huang ◽  
Xuefeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Urban Land Expansion ◽  
The Relationship

Urban land expansion (ULE) has caused negative effects as a result of urbanization and industrialization in China in the past few decades. Strengthening economic linkage and the cooperation among regions has great implications for effectively controlling disorderly ULE and achieving sustainable and intensive land use. Previous research has rarely investigated the relationship between ULE and economic linkage. Therefore, this study analyzes the spatial patterns of ULE and economic linkage in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) of China via social network analysis and a gravity model. Moreover, the spatial relationship and coupling level between ULE and economic linkage are investigated by building a bivariate spatial autocorrelation model and a coupling coordination degree model, respectively. The results indicate that the YREB experienced rapid ULE, and the area increased from 4.24 × 104 km2 in 1990 to 7.89 × 104 km2 in 2015. The cities that experience rapid ULE have gradually transferred from the east to the west of the YREB. In addition, the economic linkage in eastern cities is evidently higher than that of western cities. Our bivariate spatial model further proves that there are strong negative spatial correlation characteristics between ULE and economic linkage. This indicates that the higher the economic linkage, the lower the speed of ULE. Moreover, the coupling coordination between ULE and economic linkage show that the overall coupling stage changed from an antagonistic stage to a running-in stage. However, the coupling coordination in the YREB presented significant spatial heterogeneity, and most cities in urban agglomeration had a relationship between ULE and economic linkage that was barely balanced, slightly unbalanced, or seriously unbalanced. By considering the limitations and obstacles of current initiatives, suggestions and policy implications for sustainable land use at large regional scales are suggested.

Population in Trans-Border Regions: The Southern California-Baja California Urban System

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1020-1045
Author(s):  
Jane R. Rubin-Kurtzman ◽  
Roberto Ham-Chande ◽  
Maurice D. Van Arsdol
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Urban System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
The Impact

This article is a case study of population growth and composition in the Southern California-Baja California trans-border urban system (TBS). The central question guiding the research is how the combination of geographic proximity and economic integration in two very different regions affects population characteristics in the Southern California-Baja California TBS. We begin by briefly defining trans-border urban systems. We then specify the attributes of the Southern California-Baja California TBS, contrasting them with attributes observed elsewhere in the United States and Mexico. We particularly emphasize the impact of the Mexican-origin population on population growth, composition, age structure and trans-border mobility. We conclude by outlining several national and international policy implications that can be derived from a regional focus on the Southern California-Baja California TBS. The units of analysis are the aggregate TBS and the component counties and municipios. The data are drawn primarily from the U.S. and Mexican censuses. Secondary data from a variety of sources also are discussed.

scholarly journals Changes in Density of On-Premises Alcohol Outlets and Impact on Violent Crime, Atlanta, Georgia, 1997–2007

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyou Zhang ◽  
Bonnie Hatcher ◽  
Lydia Clarkson ◽  
James Holt ◽  
Suparna Bagchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Alcohol Outlets

Neighborhood Variation in Police Stops and Searches

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C. Renauer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Racial Threat ◽  
Calls For Service ◽  
Social Conditioning ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Stop And Search

This study examines consensus and conflict approaches to explaining police stop and search rates in 94 neighborhoods. Police deployment, racial threat, race-out-of-place, and social conditioning perspectives were analyzed. Models were based on 206,083 stops and 38,493 searches controlling for racial/ethnic makeup, citizen calls for service, disadvantage, prior violent crime suspect rates, time of day, and spatial autocorrelation. The results supported both police deployment and race out of place arguments. Policy implications focus on the need for police and community to fully understand and mutually agree on the relevance of both consensus and conflict perspectives.

It Is More Than Just Alcohol: A Criminological Perspective on Routine Drinking Activities, Opportunity, and Alcohol-Related Crashes

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-738
Author(s):  
Richard Stringer ◽  
Garland White ◽  
Randy Gainey ◽  
Ruth Triplett
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Routine Activities Theory ◽  
Driving Under The Influence ◽  
Alcohol Outlet ◽  
Alcohol Outlets ◽  
Alcohol Availability ◽  
Community System ◽  
Census Tract Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Criminological Perspective

This project expands on the “routine drinking activities” perspective by examining alcohol outlets, alcohol-related crashes, and theoretically derived contextual measures. Using census tract–level data from two U.S. cities, we draw on the prevention literature and routine activities theory to develop measures of alcohol availability and context. Spatially lagged regression models examined both direct and conditional relationships between alcohol outlets and alcohol-related crashes. Results indicate that the alcohol outlet and crash relationship was moderated by contextual factors (e.g., driving under the influence [DUI] enforcement and environmental hazards). Thus, alcohol availability may be just a part of a broader community system that affects the opportunity for alcohol-related crashes to occur.

scholarly journals Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Characteristics in Los Angeles, California and Southern Louisiana

2008 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky N. Bluthenthal ◽  
Deborah A. Cohen ◽  
Thomas A. Farley ◽  
Richard Scribner ◽  
Christopher Beighley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Alcohol Availability ◽  
Southern Louisiana

The Effect of Alcohol Availability on Violent Crime

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Ria Kwon ◽  
◽  
Young-jeon Shin
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Alcohol Availability
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