scholarly journals Salivary Markers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status: Influence of External Factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Kamodyová ◽  
L’ubomíra Tóthová ◽  
Peter Celec
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Carbonyl Stress ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

BACKGROUND: Salivary markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status represent promising tool for the research of oral diseases. One of the criteria is the validation of these biomarkers from the perspective of the confounding and modifying factors.AIM: To examine the effect of circadian rhythm, tooth-brushing and ascorbic acid treatment on selected salivary markers of oxidative and carbonyl stress, and antioxidant status.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 19 healthy participants three times during a day, before and after tooth-brushing, and before and after the administration of vitamin C (250 mg). Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured.RESULTS: Salivary AGEs levels varied significantly during the day (p< 0.05) with the highest concentrations in the morning. FRAP levels varied during the day (p< 0.01) with the highest concentrations in the afternoon. Tooth-brushing decreased AGEs (p< 0.05) and TBARS levels (p< 0.01) and increased FRAP levels (p< 0.05). Single intake of vitamin C significantly decreased AGEs (p< 0.001) and increased both FRAP (p< 0.01) and TAC (p< 0.01) concentrations.CONCLUSION: Significant daily variations were observed in salivary AGEs and FRAP levels. Tooth-brushing and treatment with vitamin C decreased carbonyl stress and increased the antioxidant status. These results are important from the perspective of using saliva for the research of oral diseases.

scholarly journals Pheochromocytoma and Markers of Oxidative Stress

2013 ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. TURKOVÁ ◽  
O. PETRÁK ◽  
J. ŠKRHA ◽  
J. WIDIMSKÝ ◽  
T. ZELINKA
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
One Year

High levels of catecholamines in pheochromocytoma (PHEO) are associated with risk of cardiovascular complications. In this study, we looked for potential differences in markers of oxidative stress – vitamin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in PHEO before and after the operation. We studied 18 subjects with PHEO who were examined before and approximately one year after the successful tumor removal (free of disease). All subjects had elevated urinary epinephrine and/or norepinephrine levels before the operation. Vitamin C levels increased significantly after the operation from 61±27 to 77±20 μmol/l (P=0.02), and MDA decreased significantly after the tumor removal from 2.6±0.4 to 2.0±0.6 μmol/l (P=0.01). However, no changes were found in SOD activity before and after the operation. In conclusion, increased catecholamine production in PHEO is accompanied by decreased levels of vitamin C and increased levels of MDA which may indicate the activation of oxidative stress in PHEO. Successful operation was associated with lowering of oxidative stress by using both biomarkers. On the contrary, no changes in SOD activity before and after the tumor removal were noted.

scholarly journals Salivary Markers of Oxidative Stress and Their Relation to Periodontal and Dental Status in Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L’ubomíra Tóthová ◽  
Viera Celecová ◽  
Peter Celec
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Background: Previous studies have shown that salivary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances are related to the periodontal status in adults. Such an analysis has not been done on children yet. The aim of our study was to analyze salivary markers of oxidative stress in relation to periodontal and dental status in children.Methods: The periodontal and dental status of 82 consecutive pediatric dental patients was assessed. The oral hygiene index (OHI), the papillary bleeding index (PBI) and the caries index (CI) were assessed as clinical parameters. Markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status were measured in whole saliva samples.Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the variability of PBI explains 10.9% of the variance of salivary thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS). Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were related to CI (eta 8.6%). Measures of antioxidant status (total antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing ability of saliva) were partially determined by OHI (13.6% and 7.2%) and PBI (16.9% and 7.9%).Conclusions: Antioxidant status in saliva is related to oral hygiene and periodontal status. Salivary TBARS are a potential sensitive marker of periodontitis in children, similarly to adults, at least on a population level. Salivary AOPP are related to caries. Potential diagnostic value of the analyzed markers should be analyzed in further interventional studies.

scholarly journals Biological Anti-TNF-α Therapy and Markers of Oxidative and Carbonyl Stress in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Emőke Šteňová ◽  
Martina Bakošová ◽  
Lucia Lauková ◽  
Peter Celec ◽  
Barbora Vlková
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Carbonyl Stress ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plasma Tbars

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a chronic inflammatory disease is associated with oxidative stress. Drugs targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) ameliorate inflammation and symptoms of RA in most patients. Whether markers of oxidative stress can be used for monitoring of treatment effects is unknown. The aim of our study was to analyze the effects of anti-TNF-α treatment on oxidative stress in plasma and saliva of patients with RA. Samples were collected from 26 patients with RA at baseline as well as 3 and 6 months after starting the anti-TNF-α treatment. Thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and fructosamine were quantified using spectrophotometry and spectrofluorometry in plasma. TBARS were measured also in saliva. The disease activity score (DAS28) was used to assess the clinical status of patients. No significant dynamic changes were found except plasma TBARS that decreased continuously. At 6 months after starting the treatment, plasma TBARS were lower by 39% in comparison to baseline ( p = 0.006 ). Salivary concentrations of TBARS did not reflect the dynamics in plasma. Although a trend was observed ( r = 0.33 ), a significant correlation between plasma TBARS and DAS28 was not found. Our results indicate that anti-TNF-α treatment decreases plasma TBARS as a marker of lipid peroxidation. However, the lack of a significant correlation with DAS28 suggests that it cannot be used for monitoring of treatment. Other markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity with lower biological variability should be tested in future studies.

scholarly journals Blood Contamination in Saliva: Impact on the Measurement of Salivary Oxidative Stress Markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Kamodyová ◽  
Lenka Baňasová ◽  
Katarína Janšáková ◽  
Ivana Koborová ◽  
Ľubomíra Tóthová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Impact

Salivary oxidative stress markers represent a promising tool for monitoring of oral diseases. Saliva can often be contaminated by blood, especially in patients with periodontitis. The aim of our study was to examine the impact of blood contamination on the measurement of salivary oxidative stress markers. Saliva samples were collected from 10 healthy volunteers and were artificially contaminated with blood (final concentration 0.001–10%). Next, saliva was collected from 12 gingivitis and 10 control patients before and after dental hygiene treatment. Markers of oxidative stress were measured in all collected saliva samples. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and antioxidant status were changed in 1% blood-contaminated saliva. Salivary AOPP were increased in control and patients after dental treatment (by 45.7% and 34.1%,p<0.01). Salivary AGEs were decreased in patients after microinjury (by 69.3%,p<0.001). Salivary antioxidant status markers were decreased in both control and patients after dental treatment (p<0.05andp<0.01). One % blood contamination biased concentrations of salivary oxidative stress markers. Saliva samples with 1% blood contamination are visibly discolored and can be excluded from analyses without any specific biochemic detection of blood constituents. Salivary markers of oxidative stress were significantly altered in blood-contaminated saliva in control and patients with gingivitis after dental hygiene treatment.

scholarly journals Oxidative status in plasma, urine and saliva of girls with anorexia nervosa and healthy controls: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gaál Kovalčíková ◽  
Ľubica Tichá ◽  
Katarína Šebeková ◽  
Peter Celec ◽  
Alžbeta Čagalová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Carbonyl Stress ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious psychosomatic disorder with unclear pathomechanisms. Metabolic dysregulation is associated with disruption of redox homeostasis that might play a pivotal role in the development of AN. The aim of our study was to assess oxidative status and carbonyl stress in plasma, urine and saliva of patients with AN and healthy controls. Methods Plasma, spot urine, and saliva were collected from 111 girls with AN (aged from 10 to 18 years) and from 29 age-matched controls. Markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status were measured using spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods. Results Plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were significantly higher in patients with AN than in healthy controls (by 96, and 82%, respectively). Accordingly, urinary concentrations of AOPP and fructosamines and salivary concentrations of AGEs were higher in girls with AN compared with controls (by 250, and 41% in urine; by 92% in saliva, respectively). Concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in saliva were 3-times higher in the patients with AN than in the controls. Overall antioxidants were lower in plasma of girls with AN compared to the controls, as shown by total antioxidant capacity and ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathione (by 43, and 31%, respectively). Conclusions This is the first study assessing wide range of markers of oxidative status in plasma, urine and saliva of the patients with AN. We showed that both, higher levels of markers of oxidative stress and lower antioxidants play a role in redox disruption. Restoration of redox homeostasis might be of the clinical relevance

scholarly journals Are insulin-resistance and oxidative stress cause or consequence of aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 (14) ◽  
pp. 1260-1267
Author(s):  
Sylwia Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak ◽  
Dorota Stołtny ◽  
Alicja Brożek ◽  
Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń ◽  
Ewa Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Insulin resistance (IR) may be associated with oxidative stress and leads to cardiovascular disorders. Current research focuses on interplay between insulin-resistance indices and oxidant-antioxidant markers in elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. The assessment involved anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI, percentage of body fat (FAT)) and biochemical tests (glucose, lipids, serum insulin and plasma oxidant-antioxidant markers: Thiobarbituric Acid-Reacting Substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and total antioxidant status). Insulin resistance index (IR) assuming a cut-off point of 0.3 allows to divides groups into: insulin sensitive group (InsS) IR < 0,3 ( n = 35, median age 69.0 years) and insulin-resistant group (InsR) IR ≥ 0.3 ( n = 51, median age 71.0 years). Lipids and antioxidant defense system markers did not differentiate the investigated groups. In the InsR elderly group, the FAT was increased ( P < 0.000003) and TBARS ( P = 0.008) concentration decreased in comparison with InsS group. A positive correlation for SOD-1 and total antioxidant status ( P < 0.05; r =  0.434) and a negative correlation for TBARS and age ( P < 0.05 with r = −0.421) were calculated in InsR individuals. In elderly individuals, oxidative stress persists irrespective of insulin-resistance status. We suggest that increased oxidative stress may be consequence of old age. An insulin action identifies those at high risk for atherosclerosis, via congruent associations with oxidative stress and extra- and intra-cellular antioxidant defense systems. Thus, we maintain that insulin-resistance is not the cause of aging. Impact statement Insulin resistance is associated with oxidative stress leading to cardiovascular diseases. However, little research has been performed examining elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. We demonstrate that antioxidant defense systems alone is not able to abrogate insulin action in elderly individuals at high risk for atherosclerosis, whereas the combined oxidant-antioxidant markers (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), and total antioxidant status (TAS)) might be more efficient and perhaps produce better clinical outcome. In fact, a decrease in oxidative stress and strong interaction between antioxidant defense can be seen only among insulin-resistant elderly individuals. This is, in our opinion, valuable information for clinicians, since insulin-resistance is considered strong cardiovascular risk factor.

Effect of High Dose Vitamin C Supplementation on Muscle Soreness, Damage, Function, and Oxidative Stress to Eccentric Exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Bryer ◽  
A.H. Goldfarb
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Damage Function ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Glutathione Oxidation

This study investigated if vitamin C supplementation before and after eccentric exercise could reduce muscle soreness (MS), oxidative stress, and muscle function. Eighteen healthy men randomly assigned to either a placebo (P) or vitamin C (VC) (3 g/d) treatment group took pills for 2 wk prior and 4 d after performing 70 eccentric elbow extensions with their non-dominant arm. MS increased in both groups with significantly reduced MS for the first 24 h with VC. Range of motion was reduced equally in both groups after the exercise (P ≥ 0.05). Muscle force declined equally and was unaffected by treatment. VC attenuated the creatine kinase (CK) increase at 48 h after exercise with similar CK after this time. Gluta-thione ratio (oxidized glutathione/total glutathione) was significantly increased at 4 and 24 h with P but VC prevented this change. These data suggest that vitamin C pretreatment can reduce MS, delay CK increase, and prevent blood glutathione oxidation with little influence on muscle function loss.

scholarly journals Salivary Oxidative Stress Markers’ Relation to Oral Diseases in Children and Adolescents

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Bahareh Nazemi Salman ◽  
Shayan Darvish ◽  
Ancuta Goriuc ◽  
Saeideh Mazloomzadeh ◽  
Maryam Hossein Poor Tehrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

(1) Background: Current evidence suggests that salivary markers of oxidative stress are indicative of clinical disease indices such as the papillary bleeding index (PBI) and the caries index (CI). The aim of this study was to assess the relation of oxidative stress markers with oral dental caries and periodontal problems in a pediatric population. (2) Methods: In this case-control study, unstimulated whole saliva was collected from individuals aged 3–18 years (n = 177); 14 individuals were excluded. Study subjects were divided into those with caries (CI = 2, n = 78) and those who were caries-free (n = 85). These groups were then divided into another subset consisting of children (mean age 7.3 years, n = 121) and adolescents (mean age 16.1 years, n = 42). The PBI was determined in all groups. We then assessed salivary levels of oxidative stress markers. (3) Results: Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level increased in patients with more gingival bleeding (p < 0.05) in the study group aged 3–18 years. In addition, TAC showed a significant decrease in samples with caries when compared to the caries-free group in adolescents (p = 0.008). (4) Conclusions: TAC levels may be a marker of both gingival bleeding and dental caries in young adult populations. We hope that in the near future, prophylaxis, control, follow up and even possible therapeutic use of oxidative stress markers in a chairside way will become possible as antioxidants have been shown to be effective against oral diseases.

The Antioxidant Efficacy of Wheatgrass (Triticum Aestivum) on Mercuric Chloride (HgCl2) - Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-464
Author(s):  
Renu Tripathi ◽  
Swati Agarwal ◽  
Syed Ibrahim Rizvi ◽  
Neetu * Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Group I

Mercury is a harmful toxic pollutant, which has hepato-nephrotoxic, hematotoxic, genotoxic and neurotoxic, effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the protective efficacy of wheatgrass on mercuric chloride (HgCl2) induced oxidative stress and associated complications in rat model. Albino rats were divided into four groups (three rats per group). Group I normal control group. Group II oxidative stressed group received mercuric chloride (0.5 mg/kg/day). Group III only received wheatgrass extract (100 mg/kg/day), whereas Group IV received wheatgrass (100 mg/kg/day) after one hour, followed by mercuric chloride (0.5 mg/kg/day) for 30 days. The results of the study showed that wheatgrass supplementation significantly decreased the HgCl2 induced elevated oxidative stress parameters Plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, Plasma membrane redox system (PMRS), Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), simultaneously elevated lipid profile (Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), liver enzymes as, Plasma Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Serum Urea, and Creatinine levels in rats. In addition, wheatgrass treatment improved the antioxidant status in terms of intracellular Reduced Glutathione (GSH), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2, 2- diphenyl -1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Therefore it can be concluded that wheatgrass has great potential to diminish the stress-mediated complications and improve the antioxidant status.

scholarly journals Patients Undergoing Myeloablative Chemotherapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Exhibit Depleted Vitamin C Status in Association with Febrile Neutropenia

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitra C. Carr ◽  
Emma Spencer ◽  
Andrew Das ◽  
Natalie Meijer ◽  
Carolyn Lauren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Myeloablative Chemotherapy ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Patients undergoing myeloablative chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) experience profound neutropenia and vulnerability to infection. Previous research has indicated that patients with infections have depleted vitamin C status. In this study, we recruited 38 patients with hematopoietic cancer who were undergoing conditioning chemotherapy and HSCT. Blood samples were collected prior to transplantation, at one week, two weeks and four weeks following transplantation. Vitamin C status and biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein) and oxidative stress (protein carbonyls and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) were assessed in association with febrile neutropenia. The vitamin C status of the study participants decreased from 44 ± 7 µmol/L to 29 ± 5 µmol/L by week one (p = 0.001) and 19 ± 6 µmol/L by week two (p < 0.001), by which time all of the participants had undergone a febrile episode. By week four, vitamin C status had increased to 37 ± 10 µmol/L (p = 0.1). Pre-transplantation, the cohort comprised 19% with hypovitaminosis C (i.e., <23 µmol/L) and 8% with deficiency (i.e., <11 µmol/L). At week one, those with hypovitaminosis C had increased to 38%, and at week two, 72% had hypovitaminosis C, and 34% had outright deficiency. C-reactive protein concentrations increased from 3.5 ± 1.8 mg/L to 20 ± 11 mg/L at week one (p = 0.002), and 119 ± 25 mg/L at week two (p < 0.001), corresponding to the development of febrile neutropenia in the patients. By week four, these values had dropped to 17 ± 8 mg/L (p < 0.001). There was a significant inverse correlation between C-reactive protein concentrations and vitamin C status (r = −0.424, p < 0.001). Lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)) increased significantly from 2.0 ± 0.3 µmol/L at baseline to 3.3 ± 0.6 µmol/L by week one (p < 0.001), and remained elevated at week two (p = 0.003), returning to baseline concentrations by week four (p = 0.3). Overall, the lowest mean vitamin C values (recorded at week two) corresponded with the highest mean C-reactive protein values and lowest mean neutrophil counts. Thus, depleted vitamin C status in the HSCT patients coincides with febrile neutropenia and elevated inflammation and oxidative stress.

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