scholarly journals The Link between Peer Relations, Prosocial Behavior, and ODD/ADHD Symptoms in 7–9-Year-Old Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muirne C. S. Paap ◽  
Ira R. Haraldsen ◽  
Kyrre Breivik ◽  
Phillipa R. Butcher ◽  
Frøydis M. Hellem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Moderator Effect ◽  
Peer Problems ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Odd Symptoms ◽  
Bergen Child Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by symptoms that hinder successful positive interaction with peers. The main goal of this study was to examine if the presence of symptoms of ODD and ADHD affects the relationship between positive social behavior and peer status found in 7–9-year-old children who show symptoms typical of ADHD and/or ODD. Furthermore, the possible interaction with sex was investigated. We used data collected in the first wave of The Bergen Child Study of mental health (BCS), a prospective longitudinal total population study of children’s developmental and mental health. The target population consisted of children in the second to the fourth, in all public, private, and special schools in Bergen, Norway, in the fall of 2002 (N=9430). All 79 primary schools in Bergen participated in the study. Both teacher (8809 complete cases) and parent (6253 complete cases) report were used in the analyses. ADHD and ODD scores were estimated using the Swanson Noland and Pelham rating scale version IV (SNAP-IV), and peer problems and prosocial behavior were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We replicated the relationship between peer problems and prosocial behavior found previously in typically developing children. Our results showed that the relationship between peer problems and prosocial behavior became weaker as the ODD symptoms increased in number and severity. For ADHD this effect was only found in the teacher report of the children. A sex effect for ODD symptoms was found only using the parent report: boys with ODD symptoms showed less prosocial behavior than girls with similar levels of ODD symptoms. Since this effect was not found using the teacher data, it may imply a situational effect (school/home) for girls with high levels of ODD. The moderator effect of ODD/ADHD was comparable for boys and girls. Our findings suggest that even if children with ADHD/ODD symptoms have the opportunity to practice their social skills in peer relationships, this is not necessarily accompanied by an increase in prosocial behavior.

The Moderating Role of Peer Problems on the Relationship Between Substance Use and Mental Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Michael J. Mason ◽  
Leah Campbell ◽  
Laura King ◽  
Neil Sonenklar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Peer Problems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

scholarly journals A Preliminary Investigation of the Relationship between Motivation for Physical Activity and Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties in Children Aged 8–12 Years: The Role of Autonomous Motivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5584
Author(s):  
Erin Farmer ◽  
Nicole Papadopoulos ◽  
Chloe Emonson ◽  
Ian Fuelscher ◽  
Caterina Pesce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Behavioural Difficulties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Emotional And Behavioural Difficulties

While motivation for physical activity (PA) and PA participation have been linked, research on the relationship between motivation for PA and mental health outcomes is scant, with studies involving children largely underrepresented. Grounded in self-determination theory, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether autonomous motivation versus external motivation (a form of controlled motivation) for PA is associated with fewer emotional and behavioural difficulties and higher levels of PA in children. A sample of 87 children (aged 8–12 years) were recruited from five primary schools in Victoria, Australia. An adapted version of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ) was used to measure motivation for PA and structured parent-report questions were used to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) levels. Parents also completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to measure children’s emotional and behavioural difficulties. Children’s autonomous motivation was associated with fewer emotional and behavioural difficulties (β = −0.25, p = 0.038) and higher levels of MVPA (β = 0.24, p = 0.014). These results indicate autonomous motivation is associated with improved mental health outcomes and higher levels of PA in children. Thus, PA interventions that promote autonomous motivation may enhance children’s mental health compared to interventions that promote mainly controlled forms of motivation.

Adolescent Peer Victimization, Self-Concept, and Psychological Distress in Emerging Adulthood

2020 ◽  
pp. 0044118X2091093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Norrington
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Bully Victimization ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

Prior studies have demonstrated that peer victimization is a common problem affecting youth and has short-term mental health consequences. There is less known about the long-term consequences of peer victimization during the transition to adulthood, or the processes whereby bully victimization may lead to poor mental health. This study utilized prospective longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics ( N = 1,413) to examine adolescent self-concept as a mediator in the relationship between adolescent peer victimization and psychological distress in emerging adulthood. Results indicated that adolescent self-concept partially mediates the relationship between adolescent peer victimization and emerging adult psychological distress. However, the relationship between peer victimization and psychological distress varies by bully victimization subtypes. Findings suggest the consequences of adolescent peer victimization can linger and impact mental health in emerging adulthood. Implications of these findings and suggestions for further research on peer victimization are also discussed.

scholarly journals What explains the link between childhood ADHD and adolescent depression? Investigating the role of peer relationships and academic attainment

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1581-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Powell ◽  
Lucy Riglin ◽  
Gemma Hammerton ◽  
Olga Eyre ◽  
Joanna Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Academic Attainment ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Peer Problems ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract There is increasing evidence that childhood Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) elevates risk of later depression, but the mechanisms behind this association are unclear. We investigated the relationship between childhood ADHD symptoms and late-adolescent depressive symptoms in a population cohort, and examined whether academic attainment and peer problems mediated this association. ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) is an ongoing prospective longitudinal population-based UK cohort that has collected data since September 1990. 2950 individuals with data on parent-reported ADHD symptoms in childhood (7.5 years) and self-reported depressive symptoms in late adolescence (17.5 years) were included in analyses. 2161 individuals with additional data at age 16 years on parent-reported peer problems as an indicator of peer relationships and formal examination results (General Certificate of Secondary Education; GCSE) as an indicator of academic attainment were included in mediation analyses. Childhood ADHD symptoms were associated with higher depressive symptoms (b = 0.49, SE = 0.11, p < 0.001) and an increased odds of clinically significant depressive symptoms in adolescence (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.15–1.41, p < 0.001). The association with depressive symptoms was mediated in part by peer problems and academic attainment which accounted for 14.68% and 20.13% of the total effect, respectively. Childhood ADHD is associated with increased risk of later depression. The relationship is mediated in part by peer relationships and academic attainment. This highlights peer relationships and academic attainment as potential targets of depression prevention and intervention in those with ADHD. Future research should investigate which aspects of peer relationships are important in conferring later risk for depression.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Mathematics Academic Burden for Primary School Students Based on PISA Data Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Mathematics Anxiety ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Mathematical Literacy ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Relationship

To explore the impact of academic burden on the physical and mental health of primary school students, combined with the results of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) report in 2018, the relationship among the development of mathematical literacy, mathematics academic burden, and the physical and mental health of primary school students is studied. First, the relationship between mathematical literacy and mathematics anxiety is analyzed, and related influencing factors and measurement methods of mathematics anxiety are introduced. A questionnaire is then designed for primary school students’ mathematical stress, and the reliability and validity of the designed questionnaire are tested. Finally, a questionnaire survey is conducted on students, parents, and teachers in the third, fourth, and fifth grades of three standardized public primary schools. The results of the questionnaire survey show that students, teachers, and parents have a general understanding of the mathematics academic burden of primary school students at this stage. A total of 70% of teachers believe that primary school students have a heavy mathematics burden; 50% of parents think that primary school students are under heavy academic stress; 70% of primary school students believe that the heavy mathematics burden leads to reduced sleep time and extracurricular activities, which has a serious impact on the physical and mental health of primary school students. This research provides a reference for improving the current balance between education and students’ physical and mental health in China.

Childhood atopy and mental health: a prospective, longitudinal investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Goodwin ◽  
M. Robinson ◽  
P. D. Sly ◽  
P. G. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundPrior studies have suggested a relationship between atopy and mental health, although methodological barriers have limited the generalizability of these findings. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between early-life atopy and vulnerability to mental health problems among youth in the community.MethodData were drawn from the Raine Study (N = 2868), a population-based birth cohort study in Western Australia. Logistic regression and generalized estimating equations were used to examine the relationship between atopy at ages 1–5 years [using parent report and objective biological confirmation (sera IgE)], and the range of internalizing and externalizing mental health problems at ages 5–17 years.ResultsAtopy appears to be associated with increased vulnerability to affective and anxiety problems, compared to youth without atopy. These associations remained significant after adjusting for a range of potential confounders. No relationship was evident between atopy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or externalizing problems.ConclusionsFindings are the first linking atopy (measured by both parent report and objective verification) with increased vulnerability to affective and anxiety problems. Therefore, replication is required. If replicated, future research aimed at understanding the possible biological and/or social and environmental pathways underlying these links is needed. Such information could shed light on shared pathways that could lead to more effective treatments for both atopy and internalizing mental health problems.

In Search of the Prosocial Personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wertag ◽  
Denis Bratko
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.

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