scholarly journals Anticestodal Activity of EndophyticPestalotiopsissp. on Protoscoleces of Hydatid CystEchinococcus granulosus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay C. Verma ◽  
Mayank Gangwar ◽  
Madhu Yashpal ◽  
Gopal Nath
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Selective Action ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Global Health Problem

Surgery is still the main treatment in hydatidosis caused byEchinococcus, which is a global health problem in human and animals. So, there is need for some natural protoscolicidal agents for instillation to prevent their reoccurrence at therapeutic doses. In this present investigation, anticestodal activity of one of the endophytic fungiPestalotiopsissp. from Neem plant was observed on protoscoleces of hydatid cysts ofEchinococcus granulosus. Viability of protoscoleces was confirmed by 0.1% aqueous eosin red stain method, where mortality was observed at different concentrations with respect to time. An average anticestodal activity was observed with different endophytic fungal strains, that is,Nigrospora(479 ± 2.9),Colletotrichum(469 ± 25.8),Fusarium(355 ± 14.5), andChaetomium(332 ± 28.3) showing 64 to 70% protoscolicidal activity, exceptPestalotiopsissp. (581 ± 15.0), which showed promising scolicidal activity up to 97% mortality just within 30 min of incubation. These species showed significant reduction in viability of protoscoleces. This is the first report on the scolicidal activity of endophyticPestalotiopsissp. We conclude that ultrastructural changes in protoscoleces were due to endophytic extract suggesting that there may be some bioactive compounds that have selective action on the tegument layer of protoscoleces. As compared with that of standard drug used, endophytic species of Neem plant shows significant anticestodal activity.

scholarly journals Osmium–arene complexes with high potency towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Metallomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P C Coverdale ◽  
Collette S Guy ◽  
Hannah E Bridgewater ◽  
Russell J Needham ◽  
Elizabeth Fullam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Lung Cells ◽  
Redox Mechanism ◽  
Human Lung Cells ◽  
Half Sandwich ◽  
Global Health Problem

Abstract The treatment of tuberculosis (TB) poses a major challenge as frontline therapeutic agents become increasingly ineffective with the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). To combat this global health problem, new antitubercular agents with novel modes of action are needed. We have screened a close family of 17 organometallic half-sandwich Os(II) complexes [(arene)Os(phenyl-azo/imino-pyridine)(Cl/I)]+Y– containing various arenes (p-cymene, biphenyl, or terphenyl), and NMe2, F, Cl, or Br phenyl or pyridyl substituents, for activity towards Mtb in comparison with normal human lung cells (MRC5). In general, complexes with a monodentate iodido ligand were more potent than chlorido complexes, and the five most potent iodido complexes (MIC 1.25–2.5 µM) have an electron-donating Me2N or OH substituent on the phenyl ring. As expected, the counter anion Y (PF6–, Cl–, I–) had little effect on the activity. The pattern of potency of the complexes towards Mtb is similar to that towards human cells, perhaps because in both cases intracellular thiols are likely to be involved in their activation and their redox mechanism of action. The most active complex against Mtb is the p-cymene Os(II) NMe2-phenyl-azopyridine iodido complex (2), a relatively inert complex that also exhibits potent activity towards cancer cells. The uptake of Os from complex 2 by Mtb is rapid and peaks after 6 h, with temperature-dependence studies suggesting a major role for active transport. Significance to Metallomics Antimicrobial resistance is a global health problem. New advances are urgently needed in the discovery of new antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action. Half-sandwich organometallic complexes offer a versatile platform for drug design. We show that with an appropriate choice of the arene, an N,N-chelated ligand, and monodentate ligand, half-sandwich organo–osmium(II) complexes can exhibit potent activity towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. The patterns of activity of the 17 azo- and imino-pyridine complexes studied here towards Mtb and normal lung cells suggest a common redox mechanism of action involving intracellular thiols.

Investigation of therapeutic potential of three endemic Cirsium species for global health problem obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 243-254
Author(s):  
Sila Ozlem Sener ◽  
Ufuk Ozgen ◽  
Seyda Kanbolat ◽  
Nuriye Korkmaz ◽  
Merve Badem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Global Health Problem

Canine echinococcosis: the predominance of immature eggs in adult tapeworms of Echinococcus granulosus in stray dogs from Tunisia

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Iraqi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Adult Tapeworm

AbstractCanine echinococcosis is caused by the adult tapeworm of Echinococcus granulosus. As intermediate hosts, humans and livestock become infected following ingestion of eggs that are passed in the faeces of dogs. Mature eggs develop into hydatid cysts in different organs, leading to hydatid disease, which is a serious public health problem. In the present study, we investigated the proportion of mature eggs of E. granulosus in 140 dogs from three regions of Tunisia. The results showed the predominance of immature E. granulosus eggs in infected dogs and the occurrence of a small proportion of oncospheres. The ability of immature eggs to infect humans and livestock is discussed.

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