scholarly journals A Mobile Detector for Muon Measurements Based on Two Different Techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mitrica ◽  
D. Stanca ◽  
M. Petcu ◽  
I. M. Brancus ◽  
R. Margineanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Light Output ◽  
Environmental Studies ◽  
Muon Flux ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Cosmic Muon ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Set Up

Precise measurements of the muon flux are important for different practical applications, both in environmental studies and for the estimation of the water equivalent depths of underground sites. A mobile detector for cosmic muon flux measurements has been set up at IFIN-HH, Romania. The device is used to measure the muon flux on different locations at the surface and underground. Its first configuration, not used in the present, has been composed of two 1 m2scintillator plates, each viewed by wave length shifters and read out by two Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs). A more recent configuration, consists of two 1 m2detection layers, each one including four 1 · 0,25 m2large scintillator plates. The light output in each plate is collected by twelve optical fibers and then read out by one PMT. Comparative results were obtained with both configurations.

scholarly journals Cosmic muon flux measurements at the Kimballton Underground Research Facility

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. P08010-P08010 ◽  
Author(s):  
L N Kalousis ◽  
E Guarnaccia ◽  
J M Link ◽  
C Mariani ◽  
R Pelkey
Keyword(s):  
Muon Flux ◽  
Research Facility ◽  
Cosmic Muon ◽  
Flux Measurements

scholarly journals Muography applications developed by IFIN-HH

2018 ◽  
Vol 377 (2137) ◽  
pp. 20180137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Mitrica ◽  
Denis Stanca ◽  
Bogdan Cautisanu ◽  
Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu ◽  
Alexandru Balaceanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Muon Flux ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cosmic Muon ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Flux Measurements

Cosmic-ray muons have been studied at IFIN-HH for more than 20 years. Starting as fundamental physics research, the muon flux measurements bring new directions of study regarding muography. Two new directions have been recently developed: underground muon scanning of old mining sites in order to detect the possible presence of unknown cavities and underwater scanning of ships in commercial harbours in order to prevent the illegal traffic of radioactive materials. The main goal of the first direction of study is to improve the security of underground civilian and industrial infrastructures, by starting the development of a new, innovative detection system that can be used to identify potentially dangerous conditions using a non-invasive, totally safe method. The method proposed uses information provided by a device placed underground that measures directional cosmic muon flux and identifies anomalies produced by irregularities in the geological layers above. For the second direction of study, the method proposed is based on the detection and analysis of the cosmic muon flux. The high-density materials (uranium, lead—used for radiation shielding, etc.) cause a decrease in the directional muon flux. The detection system will be submerged underneath the ship that will be scanned, being able to locate illegal radioactive materials without exposing any personnel to radiation or contamination. Correlated with simulations based on the known configuration of the ship scanned, the data provided by the detection system will provide the location and dimensions of the undeclared material transported. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Cosmic-ray muography’.

DEPENDENCE OF THE COSMIC MUON FLUX ON ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
PHAM NGOC DIEP ◽  
PHAM THI TUYET NHUNG ◽  
PHAM NGOC DINH ◽  
NGUYEN HAI DUONG ◽  
PIERRE DARRIULAT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Muon Flux ◽  
Cosmic Muon

Measurement of the east–west asymmetry of the cosmic muon flux in Hanoi

2004 ◽  
Vol 678 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Ngoc Diep ◽  
Pham Ngoc Dinh ◽  
Nguyen Hai Duong ◽  
Pham Thi Tuyet Nhung ◽  
Pierre Darriulat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muon Flux ◽  
Cosmic Muon ◽  
East West

scholarly journals Estimation of cosmic-muon flux attenuation by Monserrate Hill in Bogota

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. P02015-P02015 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Useche Parra ◽  
C.A. Ávila Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Muon Flux ◽  
Cosmic Muon

scholarly journals Studies in the infra-red region of the spectrum. Part II.—Calibration of prism spectrometer; General procedure; and preparation of pure ammonia, phosphine and arsine

1928 ◽  
Vol 120 (784) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Procedure ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Screw Thread ◽  
Plane Mirror ◽  
Temperature Reading ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Centre Of Rotation ◽  
Angle Of Rotation

The instrument used was a No. 2 Hilger infra-red spectrometer fitted with a "wave-length drum." It soon became evident that the wave-length drum required calibration on account of the chance of periodic errors in the screw thread. If the screw remains constant, it would be better to have the drum marked in angles which could be referred to the refractive indices of the material of the respective prisms used. As any one prism varies in the refractive index with temperature, reading of wave-length on a wave-length drum can be accurate only for one temperature. A plane mirror was mounted vertically at the centre of rotation of the prism table and an illuminated scale set up parallel to it exactly 5 metres away. The image of the scale in the mirror was observed by means of a fixed telescope with cross wires in the eyepiece. Zero was taken as 0∙5893 on the drum, which was set successively on about 80 of its graduation marks and the scale image coinciding with the cross wires noted for each setting. The displacement of the image in millimetres in each case was thus observed, and as the distance from the scale of rotation and thence the angle itself was obtained within 2 seconds of arc. Three observers agreed closely in their observations, from which a curve was drawn connecting drum calibration marks with angle of rotation (first graph).

scholarly journals Truly Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: From the Telecommunication Optical Fiber Drawling Tower to Water Leakage Detection in Dikes and Concrete Structure Strain Monitoring

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Henault ◽  
Gautier Moreau ◽  
Sylvain Blairon ◽  
Jean Salin ◽  
Jean-Robert Courivaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Brillouin Scattering ◽  
Optical Fiber Sensors ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Water Leakage ◽  
Fiber Sensors ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Water Leakage Detection

Although optical fiber sensors have been developed for 30 years, there is a gap between lab experiments and field applications. This article focuses on specific methods developed to evaluate the whole sensing chain, with an emphasis on (i) commercially-available optoelectronic instruments and (ii) sensing cable. A number of additional considerations for a successful pairing of these two must be taken into account for successful field applications. These considerations are further developed within this article and illustrated with practical applications of water leakage detection in dikes and concrete structures monitoring, making use of distributed temperature and strain sensing based on Rayleigh, Raman, and Brillouin scattering in optical fibers. They include an adequate choice of working wavelengths, dedicated localization processes, choices of connector type, and further include a useful selection of traditional reference sensors to be installed nearby the optical fiber sensors, as well as temperature compensation in case of strain sensing.

scholarly journals A Simplified Finite Element Approach for Modeling of Multilayer Plates

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Taiyou Liu ◽  
Xinbo Ma ◽  
Pak Kin Wong ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Zhengchao Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Equivalent Bending Stiffness ◽  
Element Approach ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Transverse Response

The multilayer plate has a great potential for automotive and aerospace applications. However, the complexity in structure and calculation of the response impede the practical applications of multilayer plates. To solve this problem, this work proposes a new plate finite element and a simplified finite element (FE) model for multilayer plates. The proposed new plate finite element consists of the shear and extension strains in all layers. The multilayer structure with the proposed new plate finite element is regarded as a reference to calculate the reference value of the transverse response. The simplified FE model of multilayer plates is proposed based on the equivalent bending stiffness by curve fitting of the reference value of the transverse response. Numerical study shows that this approach can be used to set up the simplified FE model of multilayer plates.

Optical-Fiber Raman Probe with Low Background Interference by Spatial Optimization

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1529-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying Ma ◽  
Ying-Sing Li
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Background Interference ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Raman Probe

A Raman probe was set up with optical fibers and a graded refractive index (GRIN) lens. It was found that the Raman background arising from optical fiber was spatially dependent, while normal Raman (NR) scattering, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) were spatially independent. Spatial optimization was carried out to minimize the background interference of the optical fiber Raman probe with the use of benzoic acid as a test sample. The best configuration of the probe could also be applied to both SERS and SERRS. SER spectra of p-nitrophenol (1.0 × 10−3 M) and SERR spectra of methyl red (1.0 × 10−6 M) were obtained with the use of this probe to check its performance.

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