scholarly journals Verbal and Nonverbal Memory in Primary Progressive Aphasia: The Three Words-Three Shapes Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Weintraub ◽  
Emily Rogalski ◽  
Emily Shaw ◽  
Sabrina Sawlani ◽  
Alfred Rademaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Primary Progressive ◽  
On Line ◽  
Memory Network

Objectives:To investigate cognitive components and mechanisms of learning and memory in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) using a simple clinical measure, the Three Words Three Shapes Test (3W3S).Background:PPA patients can complain of memory loss and may perform poorly in standard tests of memory. The extent to which these signs and symptoms reflect dysfunction of the left hemisphere language versus limbic memory network remains unknown.Methods:3W3S data from 26 patients with a clinical diagnosis of PPA were compared with previously published data from patients with typical dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and cognitively healthy elders.Results:PPA patients showed two bottlenecks in new learning. First, they were impaired in the effortless (but not effortful) on-line encoding of verbal (but not non-verbal) items. Second, they were impaired in the retrieval (but not retention) of verbal (but not non-verbal) items. In contrast, DAT patients had impairments also in effortful on-line encoding and retention of verbal and nonverbal items.Conclusions:PPA selectively interferes with spontaneous on-line encoding and subsequent retrieval of verbal information. This combination may underlie poor memory test performance and is likely to reflect the dysfunction of the left hemisphere language rather than medial temporal memory network.

Word Fluency Test Performance in Primary Progressive Aphasia and Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lucia Scheffel ◽  
Joseph R. Duffy ◽  
Edythe A. Strand ◽  
Keith A. Josephs
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Primary Progressive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fluency Task

Purpose This study compared performance on three-word fluency measures among individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS), and examined the relationship between word fluency and other measures of language and speech. Method This study included 106 adults with PPA and 30 adults with PPAOS. PPA participants were divided into three clinical subgroups: semantic (svPPA), logopenic (lvPPA), and nonfluent/agrammatic with or without apraxia of speech (nfPPA). Category fluency, letter fluency, and action/verb fluency tasks were administered to all participants. Results The four clinical groups performed abnormally on the word fluency measures, although not to a degree that represented high sensitivity to their PPA or PPAOS diagnosis. All PPA subgroups produced fewer words compared to individuals with PPAOS on all word fluency measures. Moderate correlations were found between word fluency and aphasia severity and naming performance in some of the clinical groups. Conclusions Word fluency measures are often challenging for individuals with PPA and PPAOS, but they are not of equal difficulty, with letter fluency being the most difficult. Differences among word fluency tests also vary to some degree as a function of the clinical group in question, with least impairment in PPAOS. However, the findings of this study do not support statistically significant differences in word fluency task performance among the PPA subgroups. Correlations suggest that word fluency performance in PPA is at least partly related to aphasia severity.

P2-294: NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST PERFORMANCE IN EARLY STAGE PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_15) ◽  
pp. P794-P794
Author(s):  
Boon Lead Tee ◽  
Maria Luisa Gorno Tempini ◽  
Ariane E. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Primary Progressive

scholarly journals Cortical cholinergic denervation in primary progressive aphasia with Alzheimer pathology

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (14) ◽  
pp. e1580-e1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-Marsel Mesulam ◽  
Nava Lalehzari ◽  
Farzan Rahmani ◽  
Daniel Ohm ◽  
Ryan Shahidehpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Neurotrophin Receptor ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Primary Progressive ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
The Status

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of the basal forebrain cholinergic system in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) as justification for cholinergic therapy.MethodsA cohort of 36 brains from PPA participants with the neuropathology of Alzheimer disease (PPA-AD, n = 14) or frontotemporal lobar degeneration (PPA-tau, n = 12; PPA-TDP, n = 10) were used for semiquantitative rating of degeneration and gliosis of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCN). A subpopulation of 5 PPA-AD and 7 control brains underwent detailed analysis of BFCN pathology and cortical cholinergic axonal loss employing immunohistochemical and histochemical methods and stereologic analysis.ResultsSemiquantitatively, 11 (∼80%) PPA-AD participants were rated as having moderate/severe BFCN loss and gliosis, whereas none of the PPA-tau and only 1 (10%) PPA-TDP participant received such a rating. Detailed analysis in the subpopulation of PPA-AD participants revealed substantial tangle formation, loss of BFCN, and degeneration of cortical cholinergic axons. Compared to controls, loss of p75 low affinity neurotrophin receptor-positive BFCN was detected in the PPA-AD participants (p < 0.01). Acetylcholinesterase-positive cholinergic axons in all cortical areas studied displayed loss in PPA-AD (p < 0.005–0.0001). The loss was more severe in the language-dominant left hemisphere and, within the left hemisphere, in language-affiliated cortical areas.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate prominent depletion of BFCN and cortical cholinergic axons in PPA-AD when compared with normal control or other neuropathologic variants of PPA. The demonstration of cholinergic denervation with an anatomy that fits the clinical picture suggests that cholinergic treatment is justified in patients with PPA who have positive AD biomarkers.

Primary progressive aphasia presenting as possible conversion disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foluso Ademola ◽  
Jennifer Brophy ◽  
John Oguntade ◽  
Denis Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Irish Woman ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Primary Progressive ◽  
Language Difficulty ◽  
Early Alzheimer’S Disease

AbstractWe describe a case of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) in a 62 year old right handed Irish woman who had progressive speech and language difficulty over a period of six years. She continued to work for a remarkable length of time and lived independently managing all her activities of daily living. The case posed a diagnostic challenge because initial presentation was suggestive of a conversion disorder. She also displayed signs and symptoms which overlapped with a fronto-temporal dementia and possibly early Alzheimer's disease. In our discussion, we explore the possible reasons for this overlap and the implication for psychiatrists. The need for adequate and sensitive investigations and a multi-disciplinary approach cannot be overemphasised as PPA cases are easily missed depending on the stage at which the patient presents.

scholarly journals A Dextral Primary Progressive Aphasia Patient with Right Dominant Hypometabolism and Tau Accumulation and Left Dominant Amyloid Accumulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Kyoung Jang ◽  
Seongbeom Park ◽  
Hee Jin Kim ◽  
Hanna Cho ◽  
Chul Hyoung Lyoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Primary Progressive ◽  
Amyloid Accumulation ◽  
The Right

Background: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a degenerative disease that presents as progressive decline of language ability with preservation of other cognitive functions in the early stages. Three subtypes of PPA are known: progressive nonfluent aphasia, semantic dementia, and logopenic aphasia (LPA). Patients and Methods: We report the case of a 77-year-old patient with PPA whose clinical findings did not correspond to the three subtypes but mainly fit LPA. Unlike other LPA patients, however, this patient showed a right hemisphere predominant glucose hypometabolism and tau accumulation and a left hemisphere predominant amyloid deposition. The right-handed patient presented with comprehension difficulty followed by problems naming familiar objects. This isolated language problem had deteriorated rapidly for 2 years, followed by memory difficulties and impairment of daily activities. Using a Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery, aphasia was consistent with a severe form of Wernicke's aphasia. According to the brain magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography results, right hemisphere atrophy and hypometabolism, more predominant on the right hemisphere than the left, were apparent despite the fact that Edinburgh Handedness Questionnaire scores indicated strong right-handedness. On Pittsburgh compound B-PET, amyloid accumulation was asymmetrical with the left hemisphere being more predominant than the right, whereas 18F-T807-PET showed a right dominant tau accumulation. Conclusions: This is the first report of atypical PPA, in which the patient exhibited crossed aphasia and asymmetrical amyloid accumulation.

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