scholarly journals Comparison of a Clinic-Based ELISA Test Kit with the Immunofluorescence Antibody Test for AssayingLeishmania infantumAntibodies in Dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Proverbio ◽  
Eva Spada ◽  
Luciana Baggiani ◽  
Giada Bagnagatti De Giorgi ◽  
Roberta Perego
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Canine Leishmaniosis ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Test Kit

This study compares a rapid Immunospecific Kalazar Canine Rapid Spot IF with the gold standard test (indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT)) for detection ofLeishmania infantumspecific IgG serum antibodies in naturally exposed dogs. Serum samples were obtained from 89 healthy dogs and dogs affected by canine leishmaniosis (CanL). IgG-IFAT titers ≥80 were considered positive. Anti-L. infantumIgG antibodies were found in 54 samples with titers ranging from 1 : 80 to 1 : 5120. The performance of the rapid Immunospecific Kalazar was evaluated using a ROC curve. The area under the ROC curve of 0.957 was significantly different from 0.5 (), and therefore it can be concluded that the rapid Immunospecific Kalazar has the ability to distinguish canine sera with and withoutL. infantumIgG. The best performance of the test was at a cutoff >0 (sensitivity 92.6%, specificity 97%). The test can be used for disease screening if the cutoff is >0 (highest sensitivity, 92.6%) and is recommended as confirmatory test for the presence ofL. infantumIgG antibodies if the cutoff is set >2 (highest specificity, 100%).

scholarly journals Sero-Detection of Leptospira hardjo in Cattle of Bhaktapur District of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Rawal ◽  
Denusha Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Elisa Data

Leptospira hardjo is the most commonly reported cause of leptospirosis among cattle globally. The objective of this study was to determine sero-detection of Leptospira hardjo in cattle of Bhaktapur district of Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted in cattle pockets located at 4 different village development committees (VDCs) in the Bhaktapur district of Nepal. The sample collection was done in cattle to determine the sero-detection of Leptospira hardjo from February 2014 to June 2014. A total of 176 serum samples were collected from four VDCs of Bhaktapur district namely Sipadol, Dhadikot, Duwakot and Nangkhel, selected purposively. Forty samples from Sipadol, 46 Dhadikot, 42 Duwakot and 48 from Nangkhel were collected. 5 ml of blood was collected aseptically from jugular vein using 5 ml sterile disposable syringe. After that blood was transferred to the plain vacutainer. The harvested sera were transferred to serum vials and stored at in -20˚c deep freeze of Central Veterinary Laboratory until used for ELISA test. For screening of Leptospira hardjo, the Leptospira hardjo antibody test kit, ELISA (Prionics, Netherlands) was used. ANOVA along with multiple comparison test Tukey was used to compare frequency of detection across different locations in Bhaktapur district using SAS 9.4. MS-Excel was used to manage ELISA data from four different VDCs and to extract information regarding frequency of detection. There was 5.11% sero-detection in cattle of Bhaktapur district. Location wise sero-detection was 5% in Sipadol, 4.3% in Dhadikot, 4.76% in Duwakot and 6.25% in Nangkhel. The study showed that the detection of Leptospira hardjo in cattle. There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) between location suggesting that cattle in all areas are equally at risk of this pathogen. Further study is suggested on isolation and identification of disease in Nepal. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(3): 378-381

scholarly journals Serological occurrence for tick-borne agents in beef cattle in the Brazilian Pantanal

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inalda Angélica de Souza Ramos ◽  
Victória Valente Califre de Mello ◽  
Natalia Serra Mendes ◽  
Diego Carlos de Souza Zanatto ◽  
João Bosco Vilela Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Reaction ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal

Abstract This study investigated the seropositivity for five different tick-borne agents, namely Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Coxiella burnetii, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Trypanosoma vivax in beef cattle in the Brazilian Pantanal. The serum samples collected from animals (200 cows; 200 calves) were used in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (iELISA) to detect IgG antibodies against A. marginale, B. bovis, B. bigemina, and T. vivax, and Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT) for detecting IgG antibodies against C. burnetii and A. phagocytophilum. No correlation was observed between seropositivity for C. burnetii and A. phagocytophilum with other agents whereas moderate correlation was observed for A. marginalexB. bigemina x B. bovis. Cows were more seropositive for T. vivax whereas calves were more seropositive for B. bovis and B. bigemina. The highest number of seropositive animals by a single agent was observed for T. vivax (15.2%). Co-seropositivity for T. vivax + A. marginale was higher in cows (25.5%) and for T. vivax + B. bovis + B. bigemina + A. marginale was higher in calves (57.5%). The high seropositivity correlation for A. marginale x B. bovis x B. bigemina is probably due to the presence of the tick biological vector, Rhipicephalus microplus, in the studied farms. Common transmission pathways, mediated by hematophagous dipterans and fomites, may explain the high co-seropositivity of cows for A. marginale and T. vivax. Low seropositivity to C. burnetii is probably due to the type of breeding system employed (extensive). Seropositivity for A. phagocytophilum in only one animal suggests the occurrence of a cross-serological reaction with another agent of the genus Anaplasma.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Standard Fluorescent Antibody to Membrane Antigen (FAMA) Assay and a Flow Cytometry-Adapted FAMA Assay To Assess Immunity to Varicella-Zoster Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1194-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Lafer ◽  
L. Y. Weckx ◽  
M. I. de Moraes-Pinto ◽  
A. Garretson ◽  
S. P. Steinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Varicella Zoster

ABSTRACTA flow cytometry-adapted fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) assay to detect IgG antibodies against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was developed and tested in 62 serum samples, showing 90.32% accuracy obtained from a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with a 0.9125 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.829 to 1.00) area below the curve compared to the result with standard FAMA.

scholarly journals Comparison between the efficiency of serological tests for Identification of Brucellosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 901-909
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Immune Assay

Five serological methods for detection of Brucella were compaired in this study, Four of the methods are commonely used in the detections:- 1-Rose-Bengal: as primary screening test which depends on detecting antibodies in the blood serum. 2-IFAT: which detects IgG and IgM antibodies in the serum. 3-ELISA test: which detects IgG antibodies in the serum. 4-2ME test: which detects IgG antibodies The fifth methods. It was developed by a reasercher in one of the health centers in Baghdad. It was given the name of spot Immune Assay (SIA). Results declares that among (100) samples of patients blood, 76, 49, 49, 37, and 28. samples were positive to Rose Bengal, ELISA, SIA, 2ME and IFAT tests, respectively. When efficiency, sensitivity and specificity of the serological methods were compaired, the Following results were obtained: a) ELISA and SIA were superiors among the other confirming methods (2ME and IFAT) in detecting the highest cases (49 cases); 46 of them were from the (76) cases positive to Rose Bengal The confirmatory test 2ME was not efficient in detecting low concentrations of IgG antibodies when less than half (37) of the total positive cases (76) were detected by this test. b) IFAT test was the least efficient confirmatory test among all other test. c) As a new confirmatory test, SIA proved to be an efficient and serological test for Brucella detection in comparison with other tests. It is an easy to use test, rapid and could be performed without need to the expensive equipment .

Evaluation of a Rapid Immunochromatographic test kit to the Gold Standard Fluorescent Antibody test for diagnosis of rabies in animals in Bhutan 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tenzin Tenzin ◽  
Kelzang Lhamo ◽  
Purna B Rai ◽  
Dawa Tshering ◽  
Pema Jamtsho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Resource Poor

Abstract Background: Rabies kills approximately 59,000 people in the world each year worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of rabies is important for instituting rapid containment measures and for advising the exposed people for postexposure treatment. The application of a rapid diagnostic tests in the field can greatly enhance disease surveillance and diagnostic activities, especially in resource poor settings. In this study, a total of 179 brain tissue samples collected from different rabies suspect animal species (113 dogs, 50 cattle, 10 cats, 3 goats, 2 horses, and 1 bear) were selected and tested using both rapid immunochromatographic kit and the reference standard fluorescent antibody test (FAT). We evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of a rapid antigen detection test kit produced by BioNote, Inc. (Hwaseong-si, Korea) relative to a FAT for its fit-for-purpose for confirmation of clinical cases of rabies for early response and enhancing rabies surveillance. Results: Among 179 samples examined in this study, there was a concordance in results by the rapid test and FAT in 115 positive samples and 54 negative samples. Test results were discordant in 10 samples which were positive by FAT, but negative (false negative) by rapid kit. The rapid test kit showed a sensitivity of 92% (95% CI: 85.9 – 95.6) and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 93.4 – 100) using FAT as the reference standard. The positive and negative predictive values were found to be 100% (95% CI:96.7 – 100) and 84.4% (95% CI: 73.6 – 91.3), respectively. Overall, there was 94.4% (95% CI: 90 – 96.9) test agreement between rapid test and FAT (Kappa value = 0.874) with a positive percent agreement and negative percent agreement of 92 and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Our finding demonstrated that the rapid test kit (BioNote) can be used for rabies surveillance and confirming clinical case of rabies in animals for making rapid decisions particularly controlling rabies outbreaks in resource poor settings.

scholarly journals Detection of avian reovirus antibodies in layer birds of small scale commercial farms in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 612-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Atiqul Haque ◽  
Md Mostafizer Rahman ◽  
Mir Rowshan Akter ◽  
Farzana Afroz
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Avian Reovirus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Test Kit

The present study was conducted on layer birds of different age groups to determine specific antibody titer level against avian reovirus (ARV) by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) at Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. This study showed that ARV specific antibody positive cases were 84 out of 90 blood serum samples and the highest antibody titer was 26120 and lowest antibody titer was 288. The total 93.33% sera samples were showed positive result. The study showed that 100% sera sample were positive against ARV at 6 weeks of aged group and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 13917, 4895 and 10269 respectively. On the other hand 88.88% sera sample were positive against ARV at 10 weeks of aged group and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 9779, 288 and 5689.89 respectively. The sera sample collected from 14 weeks of aged group showed 88.88% positive and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 11727, 871 and 5250 respectively. The sera sample collected from 18 weeks of aged group showed 88.88% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 24440, 1234 and 12648.89 respectively. The sera sample collected from 22 weeks of aged group were 100% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 26120, 1752 and 11373.89 respectively. The sera sample collected from 26 weeks of aged group showed 100% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 8566, 1630 and 4327.44 respectively. The sera sample collected from 30 weeks of aged group showed 100% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 13431, 1989 and 5890.56 respectively. The sera sample collected from 40 weeks of aged group showed 77.77% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 14618, 433 and 5103.22 respectively. The sera sample collected from 48 weeks of aged group showed 88.88% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 14553, 957 and 7436.5 respectively. In conclusion it is evident that avian reovirus-specific antibody was successfully detected through commercially available avian reovirus antibody test kit (ELISA kit) and the virus induced a significant antibody titer indicating the affecting virus was absolutely ARV.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 612-621

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in swine matrices in Nova Mutum and Diamantino, Mato Grosso, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Saab Muraro ◽  
João Garcia Caramori Júnior ◽  
Maria Regina Reis Amendoeira ◽  
Joyce Alves Pereira ◽  
João Xavier de Oliveira Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

This report aimed to assess the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in 708 swine matrices in Nova Mutum and Diamantino in the state of Mato Grosso, Central-West Brazil. Serum samples were examined by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). It was found a seroprevalence of 12.8%, considering titers >64. Therefore, the data reinforce the need for appropriate management of swine raising to minimize the risk of infection of pigs with T. gondii.

scholarly journals Investigation of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Nilay Ildız ◽  
İbrahim Halil Özerol ◽  
A. Cemal Özcan ◽  
Hamit Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Positivity

Background: Lyme is a disease that is non-compulsory in our country and whose seroprevalence data is less studied. Aims and Objective: Recent studies have shown that bacterial and viral infections are risk factor for various neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. Herein, we aim to determine the seroprevalence of Lyme in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. For this purpose, 100 MS patient’s serums were investigated for Borrelia burgdorferi IgM and IgG positivity. Materials and Methods: The results identified with ELISA as positive antibody was confirmed by Western Blot (WB) test. The correlation between ages, gender, occupation, tick history, existence of erythema chronicum migrans (ECM), antibody positivity, pain, year with MS results were investigated using Kolmogorov-Smirnow and Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. Results: B. burgdorferi IgM and IgG antibodies were positive in 8% patients when using ELISA method, but that were found to be 2% by WB. ELISA IgM antibody test gave a 5 negative result in WB. These results were considered false positive in the ELISA test. So, altogether 5 patients were positive by WB method. None of syphilis positive samples detected that B. burgdorferi positive serum. A significant difference between the parameters in terms of IgM positivity was not detected (p> 0.05). B. burgdorferi IgG antibodies were found significant differences between the MS disease duration (p = 0.03). MS in the group of less than 10 years had higher titers of IgG antibodies to B. burgdorferi. Conclusion: Although a small number of patients with MS is positive with Lyme antibodies. Lyme disease is a treatable.Also, If the patient is MS, clinician should be considered Lyme in the differential diagnosis. This is the first study that the correlation between Lyme and MS from Turkey.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the distribution of natural Toxoplasma gondii infection among equids in Northeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Dias Munhoz ◽  
Monia Andrade Souza ◽  
Sonia Carmen Lopo Costa ◽  
Jéssica de Souza Freitas ◽  
Aísla Nascimento da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected equids in northeastern Brazil. Serum samples from 569 equids (528 horses, 8 mules and 33 donkeys) were subjected to the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate associated factors. Among the 569 animals sampled, 118 (30.6%) living in rural areas and 14 (26.42%) in urban areas were seropositive (p>0.05). Seropositive animals were observed on 95% of the farms and in all the municipalities. Donkeys/mules as the host, presence of domestic cats and rats on the farm, ingestion of lagoon water and goat rearing remained in the final model as factors associated with infection. Preventive measures such as avoiding the presence of domestic cats close to rearing areas, pastures and sources of water for the animals should be adopted. The wide-ranging distribution of positive animals also indicated that infection in other domestic animals and in humans, through the contaminated environment, was possible. It should be highlighted that there was the possibility that donkeys and mules would continue to have detectable titers for longer, thus explaining the prevalence found. Further studies are needed to confirm this possibility.

scholarly journals A Targeted Survey for Scrapie in Jos Plateau State, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
O. O. Nwankiti ◽  
E. I. Ikeh ◽  
O. A. Arowolo ◽  
A. J. Nwankiti ◽  
M. O. Odugbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Casualty Slaughter ◽  
Plateau State

Scrapie, a disease of sheep and goats with a progressive course and fatal outcome, has not been identified in Nigeria. Anecdotal scrapie reports by livestock workers abound. Livestock diseases like scrapie form huddles in livestock economics of countries. For 8 months we surveyed for scrapie targeting emergency/casualty slaughter sheep and goats in Jos, Nigeria. We clinically examined 510 sheep and 608 goats of local breeds, aged from 12 months to 5 years. In total 31 (5.10%) goats and no sheep were clinically suspicious for scrapie. Caudal brainstem tissues of suspect animals collected postmortem were analyzed for the disease specific form of the prion protein, PrPSc, using Bio-Rad’s TeSeE ELISA rapid test kit. No sample was positive for scrapie. Fluorescent antibody test for rabies and H&E staining on samples were carried out for differential diagnosis. These showed no pathological lesions indicative for neurological disease. While our findings do not exclude the presence of scrapie in Jos, we demonstrate that targeted sampling of small ruminants for neuroinfectious disease is feasible in developing countries, pointing to the possibility of implementing such a monitoring scheme in Nigeria to prevent economic losses in small ruminant livestock as scrapie caveats from endemic countries have shown.

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