scholarly journals Acylated and Desacylated Ghrelin, Preptin, Leptin, and Nesfatin-1 Peptide Changes Related to the Body Mass Index

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Ozkan ◽  
Esra Suay Timurkan ◽  
Suleyman Aydin ◽  
İbrahim Sahin ◽  
Mustafa Timurkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Desacylated Ghrelin

This study examines the levels of acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, leptin, and nesfatin-1 peptide changes related to the body mass index (BMI). The subjects were allocated to 5 groups depending on their BMIs as follows: Group I (BMI <18.5 kg/m2); Group II (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2); Group III (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2); Group IV (BMI 30–39.9 kg/m2); Group V (BMI >40 kg/m2). Serum acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, and leptin levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nesfatin-1 was measured by the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Desacylated ghrelin levels showed a gradual and statistically significant drop from Group I to Group V, while preptin and leptin levels exhibited a gradual and significant increase from Group I to Group IV. Serum nesfatin-1 levels gradually, but not significantly, increased from Group I to Group III and showed a significant decrease in Groups IV and V. In conclusion, leptin, preptin, and acylated ghrelin (AG) levels increased with higher BMI, whereas desacylated ghrelin (DAG) decreased and nesfatin-1 showed no clear relationship to BMI.

scholarly journals The dynamics of coagulation hemostasis markers in patients with an increased body mass index with polytrauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
V.V. Kucheriavchenko ◽  
Yu.V. Volkova ◽  
K.Yu. Sharlai
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Immunological Protection

The hemostasis system is one of the fast response systems of the body. The aim of the work was to analyze the dynamics of coagulation hemostasis markers in patients with an increased body mass index (IBMI) with polytrauma. A study of complex hemostasiograms was conducted in 224 patients with IBMI during a month of hospital stay with a diagnosis of Polytrauma and on the 360th control day of the outpatient visit. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the starting numbers of the BMI. The study included the study of activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin index, antithrombin III, plasma tolerance to heparin and fibrinogen. To process the data obtained, Student’s t test and correlation analysis were used. The condition of the coagulation situation in patients with IBMI in group I (BMI≤29.9) included a slight increase in the aggregative capacity of platelets without disturbing their number, non-intensive increases in the hemostatic potential in all coagulation tests, dysfibrinogenemia and the absence of disturbances in the system of natural anticoagulants in the early period of traumatic illness. For patients in group II (BMI 30.0–39.9) in the early stages — up to the 14th day — hyperfibrinogenemia was characteristic, with a decrease in fibrinolytic activity. For patients in group III (BMI≥40.0), it was characteristic: in the first week there was dysfibrinogenemia, a sharp — by 50% decrease in antithrombin III, and a decrease in plasma tolerance to heparin. It should be noted that a significant and growing in dynamics reduction in the amount of antithrombin III was less than 80% unfavorable for the progression of coagulation disorders. Thus, it is necessary to note the clinical and pathogenetic significance of hemostasiological disorders in traumatic disease in patients with IBMI with polytrauma, the nature, intensity, dynamics and direction of which determine the consequences and possible complications, and require specific correction. In the future we plan to study the functional state of the system of immunological protection in traumatic disease in patients with IBMI.

EFFECTS OF DURATION AND TIME OF FOOD AVAILABILITY ON PHOTOPERIODIC RESPONSES IN THE MIGRATORY MALE BLACKHEADED BUNTING (EMBERIZA MELANOCEPHALA)

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (16) ◽  
pp. 2843-2848 ◽  
Author(s):  
VINOD KUMAR ◽  
SUDHI SINGH ◽  
MANJU MISRA ◽  
SHALIE MALIK
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Photoperiodic Responses ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Blackheaded Bunting ◽  
Emberiza Melanocephala

SUMMARY The effects of the duration and time of food availability on stimulation of the photoperiodic responses (fattening and gain in body mass, and growth and development of testes) were investigated in the migratory blackheaded bunting(Emberiza melanocephala). Two experiments were performed. Experiment 1 examined the effects of a reduction in the duration of food supply in buntings that were subjected to long day lengths (16 h:8 h L:D) and received food ad libitum (group I) or for restricted durations, coinciding with the end of the lights-on period, of 8 h (group II) and 4 h (group III). Buntings of group I gained in body mass, whereas there was a mixed response in group II (half the birds gained and half lost body mass), and all birds of group III lost body mass. There was no effect on testis growth in groups I and II, but testes grew more slowly in group III. Experiment 2 investigated the effects of both the duration and the time of food availability. Of five groups of birds, group I was exposed to an 8 h:16 h L:D photoperiod, and groups II-V were exposed to 16 h:8 h L:D. Whereas birds of groups I and II received food ad libitum, those of groups III-V were fed only for 5 h, at zt 0-5(group III), zt 5.5-10.5 (group IV) or zt 11-16 (group V), where zt =zeitgeber time and zt 0 refers to the beginning of the lights-on period. Apart from duration, the timing of food availability also had an effect on photoperiodic stimulation under the 16 h:8 h L:D photoperiod. Birds that were fed ad libitum fattened and gained in body mass, whereas among restricted feeding groups, only birds in the group fed during the first 5 h(zt 0-5, group III) showed a significant increase in body mass (albeit considerably lower than in the ad libitum group). Birds fed during the middle 5 h (zt 5.5-10.5, group IV) showed an intermediate response, and those fed during the last 5 h (zt 11-16, group V) lost body mass. Testicular growth was suppressed in birds that were fed for 5 h in the evening, but not in those fed for the same period in the morning or in the middle of the long day. Taken together, these results show that the duration of food supply and/or the time of day at which food is available affect photoperiodic stimulation of fattening and gain in body mass as well as the growth and development of gonads in the blackheaded bunting.

scholarly journals Effect of Aging on Postural tachycardial index in healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3789-3792
Author(s):  
K. Pujitha ◽  
◽  
Arpana Bhide ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parasympathetic Function

Introduction: The change in parasympathetic function is generally known physiological changes in aging of man. The present study was intended to evaluate Postural tachycardial index with age. Aim: To measure basal parasympathetic activity by using Postural tachycardial index in younger and elderly and to observe effect of aging on it. Materials and Methods: The subjects selected are 120 in number with age group 35 to >65 years of both sex and they are categorized into 4 groups based on their age. Group- I: The age of 35-45 years; Group-II: The age of 45- 55 years; Group-III: The age of 55-65 Years; Group-IV: The age of >65 years. PTI was measured by using ECG machine. Results: The examination of parameters body mass index, Heart Rate during resting, immediate standing were estimated for all subjects. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Discussion: The findings suggested that the mean of PTI decreases statistically in group III and IV. Conclusion: This study concluded that due to autonomic dysfunction the PTI decreases with increase in age. KEY WORDS: Postural tachycardial index, Body mass index, heart rate, Autonomic dysfunction.

scholarly journals Association between body mass index and 1-year outcome after acute myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W Kim
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
End Point ◽  
Group I

Abstract Background Beneficial effects of overweight and obesity on mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have been described as “Body Mass Index (BMI) paradox”. However, the effects of BMI is still on debate. We analyzed the association between BMI and 1-year major cardiocerebrovascular events (MACCE) after AMI. Methods and findings Among 13,104 AMI patients registered in an Institute of Health in Korea between November 2011 and December 2015, 10,568 patients who eligible for this study were classified into 3 groups according to BMI (Group I; &lt;22 kg/m2, 22 ≤ Group II &lt;26 kg/m2, Group III; ≥26 kg/m2). The primary end point was a composite of cardiac death (CD), myocardial infarction (MI), target vessel revascularization (TVR), and cerebrovascular events at 1 year. Over the median follow-up of 12 months, the composite of primary end point occurred more frequently in the Group I patients than in the Group III patients (primary endpoint: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.290; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.024 to 1.625, p=0.031). Especially, cardiac death in MACCE components played a major role in this effect (aHR, 1.548; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.128 to 2.124, p=0.007). Conclusions Higher BMI appeared to be good prognostic factor on 1-year MACCE after AMI. This result suggests that higher BMI or obesity might confer a protective advantage over the life-quality after AMI. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Research of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Korea Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare (HI13C1527), Republic of Korea.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

Effect of amino acid infusion on renal hemodynamics in humans: a dose-response study

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. F703-F708 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Giordano ◽  
P. Castellino ◽  
E. L. McConnell ◽  
R. A. DeFronzo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Renal Hemodynamics ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Amino Acid Infusion ◽  
Group I ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Group Ii

We evaluated the dose-response relationship between the plasma amino acid (AA) concentration and renal hemodynamics in eight normal subjects. After an overnight fast, a balanced 10% AA solution was infused for 180 min at five separate infusion rates: 0.5 (group I), 1.0 (group II), 2.0 (group III), 4.0 (group IV), and 6.0 (group V) ml.kg-1.min-1 on separate days. Basal plasma AA concentration was 1.87 +/- 0.1 mmol/l and increased to 2.26 +/- 0.1 (group I), 2.66 +/- 0.2 (group II), 3.79 +/- 0.5 (group III), 5.81 +/- 0.4 (group IV), and 7.41 +/- 0.4 mmol/l (group V). Basal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) averaged 95 +/- 4 and 476 +/- 29 ml.1.73 m-2.min-1, respectively, and rose to 98 +/- 5 and 506 +/- 40 (group I) [P = not significant (NS)], 102 +/- 3 and 533 +/- 30 (group II) (P < 0.05 vs. basal), 110 +/- 4 and 567 +/- 29 (group III), 115 +/- 7 and 610 +/- 55 (group IV), and 117 +/- 7 and 614 +/- 66 ml.1.73 m-2.min-1 (group V) (P = NS vs. group IV). Basal plasma glucagon concentration averaged 68 +/- 10 pg/ml and increased to 74 +/- 10 (group I), 83 +/- 11 (group II) (P < 0.05 vs. basal), 100 +/- 14 (group III), 121 +/- 14 (group IV), and 229 +/- 35 pg/ml (group V) (P < 0.01 vs. basal). Increases in plasma growth hormone (GH) and insulin levels were observed only during groups IV and V.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals The Effect of Flowable Composite Lining Thickness with Various Curing Techniques on Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An in vitro Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nagalaxmi Reddy ◽  
DN Jayashankar ◽  
Mohanthomas Nainan
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Composite Restorations ◽  
Group I ◽  
Composite Lining

ABSTRACT Aim Aim of this study was to compare class II composite restoration using flowable composites as lining with various thickness and curing techniques by evaluating cervical marginal microleakage. Materials and methods Fifty intact molars, each prepared with two box-only class II cavities, were randomly divided into five groups: Group I, P60 filling alone; group II, ultrathin flowable composite lining (0.5-1mm) cocured with overlying composite; group III, thin lining (1-1.5) cocured with overlying composite; group IV, ultrathin lining (0.5-1 mm) precured and group V, thin lining (1-1.5) precured. The teeth were then thermocycled for 1500 cycles (between 5 and 60 °C) and immersed in dye for 24 hours. Cervical microleakage was measured as the extent of dye penetration. Results Cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed least microleakage and control specimens (group I) showed maximum microleakage. On comparison of curing techniques, cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed less microleakage than precured (groups IV and V). On comparison of lining thickness and type of curing, group IV showed less microleakage than group V. Groups II and III were statistically not significant. Conclusion It was concluded from the results that ultrathin cocured flowable composite lining specimens improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Clinical significance In this study, the application of additional flowable composite lining with various thicknesses presented different influences in marginal quality of class II box only composite restorations. A new technique applying an ultrathin flowable composite lining with cocuring technique improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Restorations with thin lining presented reduced marginal integrity after thermocycling. How to cite this article Reddy SN, Jayashankar DN, Nainan M, Shivanna V. The Effect of Flowable Composite Lining Thickness with Various Curing Techniques on Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):56-60.

scholarly journals Effect of a Diet Composed of Genetically Modified Feed Components on the Selected Immune Parameters in Pigs, Cattle, and Poultry

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Bednarek ◽  
Katarzyna Dudek ◽  
Krzysztof Kwiatek ◽  
Małgorzata Świątkiewicz ◽  
Sylwester Świątkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Group I ◽  
Toxin Protein ◽  
Gm Soybean

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the immune effects of genetically modified (GM), insect resistant corn (MON810) expressing toxin protein of Bacillus thuringiensis, and glyphosate-tolerant soybean meal (Roundup Ready MON-40-30-2), which are used as the feed mixture components in domestic animals. The study was conducted on 60 pigs (36 fatteners and 24 sows), 20 calves, 40 broilers, and 40 laying hens. Each species was divided into four basic nutritional groups: group I (control) - conventional feed, group II - feed consisted of GM soybean meal and non-modified corn, group III - non-modified soybean meal and GM corn, group IV - GM soybean meal and GM corn. Moreover, in the experiment on fatteners two additional groups were formed: group V - animals fed both conventional soybean meal and bruised grain, and group VI - GM soybean meal and conventional bruised grain. The results of study did not reveal any significant effect of feed mixtures containing GM components on the immune response in all animals regardless of their species and technological producing groups.

scholarly journals Essential Oils of some Mentha Species and Cultivars, their Chemistry and Bacteriostatic Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Ludwiczuk ◽  
Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz ◽  
Rafał Sawicki ◽  
Joanna Golus ◽  
Grażyna Ginalska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Bacteriostatic Activity ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The major purpose of this study was to determine the chemical relationships between the essential oils (EO) obtained form 18 mint samples of different species and its cultivars. GC/MS analysis of all essential oils showed that oxygenated monoterpenoids are the major components of these oils, with the exception of Mentha arvensis ‘Banana’. Based on the chemical composition of the essential oils, the analyzed mints can be divided into five groups. Group I was characterized by the presence of menthol and menthone, piperitenone oxide is the major constituent of group II, linalool of group III, carvone characterizes group IV, while 3-octanone is the most characteristic compound for group V. A reference strain of biofilm forming Staphylococcus epidermidis ATTC 35984 was tested against the obtained essential oils. Two of them, M. suaveolens ‘Variegata’ and M. x piperita ‘Almira’ exhibited significant bacteriostatic activity. The MIC values of these EOs were 0.25% and 0.5% respectively in comparison with an average MIC of 4% of the other tested mint EOs. Both active EOs are characterized by the presence of piperitenone oxide as the major component.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Apical Sealing Ability of Different Obturation Techniques by Confocal Microscopy: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Reetu Arora ◽  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Neetu Jindal ◽  
Renu Aggarwal ◽  
Kavneet Takhar
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Abstract Introduction The aim of obturation in the root canal is to completely seal the canal space to eliminate all the portals of entry and exit between root canal and periodontal space. Various techniques have been developed to achieve a hermetic seal. Materials and Methods As many as 150 extracted human maxillary central incisors were taken for the study. Biomechanical preparation was done up to F5 protaper file. According to different obturation techniques, samples were divided into six groups, keeping 30 samples in experimental and 15 samples in control groups. Group I–Lateral Condensation, Group II–Thermafil, Group III–Beefill, Group IV–GuttaFlow, Group V–Positive Control group, Group VI–Negative Control group. After obturation, the samples were immersed in 2% Rhodamine-B dye for 24 hours. Each sample was longitudinally sectioned to examine under confocal laser scanning microscope. Statistical Analysis The results were evaluated with ANOVA and posthoc Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) comparison test. Results The mean values of dye penetration of different groups were Group I (Lateral Condensation) 1.51 ± 0.451, Group II (Thermafil) 0.918 ± 0.399, Group III (Beefill) 1.30 ± 0.559. Group IV (GuttaFlow) 0.655 ± 0.396, Group V (Positive Control group) 1.96 ±0.046, Group VI (Negative Control group) 0 ± 0. The lowest mean value of apical microleakage was found in GuttaFlow amongst all experimental groups. Conclusion It can be concluded that the GuttaFlow obturating material exhibited better apical sealing ability with canal walls.

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