scholarly journals Cutaneous Mycoses among Rice Farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Chito Clare Ekwealor ◽  
Christie Amechi Oyeka
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Microsporum Ferrugineum ◽  
Penicillium Pinophilum ◽  
Microsporum Audouinii ◽  
Rice Farmer ◽  
Aspergillus Candidus ◽  
Major Occupation

Rice grain is one of the world's most important food crops, and its cultivation is a major occupation in Anambra State, Nigeria. These rice farmers are exposed to various agents that predispose them to cutaneous mycoses. The aim of this work was to screen rice farmers for lesions suggestive of cutaneous mycoses and to isolate and identify fungal agents associated with the infection. This survey was carried out between November 2009 and June 2011 in Anambra State, Nigeria. Clinical samples collected from 201 farmers with lesions suggestive of cutaneous mycoses were processed and the organisms identified. Questionnaires were used to obtain other necessary data and were statistically analyzed. Of the 2,580 rice farmers screened, 201 (7.79%) showed positive lesions. Organisms recovered included Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum ferrugineum, Trichophyton megnini, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton rubrum, Aspergillus terrus, Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus scleriotorum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Scopulariopsis sp., Chrysosporium sp., Eupenicillium javanicum, Fusarium sp., Penicillium aculeatum, and Penicillium pinophilum. At the end of this work, onychomycosis was observed to be the most prevalent with nondermatophyte molds now becoming very important agents of cutaneous mycoses among rice farmer.

Socioeconomic Analysis of the Relationship between the Socioeconomic Characteristics and the Leverage Ratio of Rice Farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Augustine O. Ejiogu ◽  
Paschal Adikaibe
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Leverage Ratio ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Socioeconomic Analysis ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
Rice Farmer ◽  
The Relationship

The burden of poor access to financial services tends to be heavier on rice farmers because of the government's predisposition to bridge rice demand-supply deficit through importation. Improving yields is insufficient to lift rice farmers from poverty. It is necessary to understand and change the system in which the farmers operate one of which is the debt-equity mix of the enterprise. This study analyzed the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and leverage ratio of rice farmers in Anambra State Nigeria with a view to informing and influencing policy. A hundred rice farmers were randomly selected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The debt-equity ratio was 0.33. Therefore, the rice farmer could employ more debt to increase yield. In terms of solvency and credit worthiness, the rice farmer had the capacity to employ more debt for profitable investment. Targeted financial and risk management assistance should be extended to the farmers.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterisation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Dermatophytic Fungi Isolated from Tinea Capitis in Northwest Nigeria Using Sequence of the 28S rRNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-655
Author(s):  
Hussain Yahaya Ungo-kore ◽  
Joseph Olorunmola Ehinmidu ◽  
Josiah Ademola Onaolapo ◽  
Olayeni Stephen Olonitola
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Tinea Capitis ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Trichophyton Tonsurans ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Microsporum Audouinii ◽  
Trichophyton Simii ◽  
Dermatophyte Species

The detection and identification of fungal DNA from clinical samples is one of the fundamental approaches in biomedicine. The incidence, distribution, and control of dermatophytes has progress significantly and the use of phylogenetic species concepts based on rRNA regions have enhanced the taxonomy of dermatophyte species; however, the use of 28S rDNA genes has certain limitations. This gene has been used in dermatophyte taxonomy with limited enumeration; we appraised the sequence disparity within and among groups of the species, the gene ranking in identification, phylogenetic analysis, and taxonomy of 32 strains of eight dermatophyte species. In this study, a set of primers was adopted to amplify the target followed by a partial sequencing of the rDNA. The utilization of a pairwise nucleotide differentiation, an affinity was observed among eight dermatophyte species, with disparity among species ranging from 0 to 197 base pair (bp). Intra-species bp differences were found within strains of Trichophyton eriotrephon, Trichophyton bullosum, Trichophyton simii (Trichophyton genus), Microsporum audouinii, and Trichophyton tonsurans (Microsporum and Trichophyton genus, respectively); however, only some strains of Trichophyton eriotrephon were found to be invariant having three genotypes. Trichophyton tonsurans exhibited most intra-species variability. The characterization and construction of a phylogenetic tree of 28S rDNA gene on dermatophyte species provide a bedrock of an additional finding of connections between species. However, 28S rRNA capture provides a novel method of effective and sensitive detection of dermatophytes lodged in human skin scale. We report for the first time the emergence of T. eriotrephon, T. bullosum, T. simii, T. benhamiae, and Ctenomyces serratus dermatophytes from Tinea capitis in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Relationships The Role of Farm Group with Rice Farmer Social Status in Cialam Jaya Village Konda Sub District South Konawe District

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Hartina Batoa ◽  
Salahuddin Salahuddin ◽  
Awaluddin Hamzah ◽  
Rahayu Endah Purwanti ◽  
Andi Dheviani Oksaputri Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Rice Farmer

This study aims to determine the relationship between the role of farmer groups and the social status of lowland rice farmers in Cialam Jaya Village, Konda Sub District, South Konawe District. This research was conducted in Cialam Jaya Village in September-December 2019. The determination of the research area was carried out purposively with the consideration that Cialam Jaya Village is one of the centres for lowland rice production and has farmer groups. Simple random sampling (simple random sampling) takes 10% or as many as 26 respondents of rice farmers. The data analysis used was the Spearman Rank Correlation analysis. The results showed that the role of the group was significantly related to the socioeconomic status of lowland rice farmers, with a significance value of 0.019.

scholarly journals Determinants Transfer of Primary Business of Rice Farmers Household at Musi Rawas District South Sumatera Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Fifian Permata Sari ◽  
Andy Mulyana ◽  
Najib Asmani ◽  
Yunita
Keyword(s):  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Census ◽  
Crop Agriculture ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
Farming Households

Indonesia is a country whose majority lives of agriculture and food crop agriculture remains the livelihoods of the majority of the Indonesian population. South Sumatera province is one that is a center for food crops, especially rice. A district that has irrigation and a rice production center in South Sumatera is Musi Rawas District. In 10 years (1993-2013) recorded a decrease in the number of rice farmers households is significant in Indonesia, including in South Sumatera. Changes in the amount of rice farming households in the province of South Sumatera by Agricultural Census 2013 indicates the state of declining, even in the central areas of food. This situation is further interesting to study the determinants of primary business of rice farmers to plant non-food and non-agriculture, especially in the central areas of food and irrigated in South Sumatera, Indonesia. This study used survey method and logistic regression for the analysis data. The result shows that factors affecting farmers’ decision to switch or not switch from the main businesses, namely rice farm to farm fish, rubber and non-agricultural businesses is land area, household income from rice, the income of non rice, grain price at farmers level, revenue from non paddy, costs of farming, commodity prices, employment opportunities outside of the main business, farming experience and knowledge of farmers on land conversion rules.

Contextual mismatch of interventions for reduction of postharvest losses in rice: Farmer perceptions, practices and innovations in Eastern Uganda

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey L. Ssebaggala ◽  
Paul Kibwika ◽  
Florence B. Kyazze
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Market Incentives ◽  
Farmer Perceptions ◽  
Postharvest Losses ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Price Differentiation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Rice Farmer ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Over 70% of the postharvest losses occur at the farm level. Efforts to curb postharvest losses (PHLs) have to target farmers’ practices and innovations. A survey of 150 farmers complemented by focus group discussions was conducted in Eastern Uganda to establish why farmers engage in practices that sustain high PHLs in rice. Farmers are aware of the extent and nature of PHLs but most cannot use the practices and technologies recommended due to high costs involved, lack of knowledge and skills required, or inappropriateness to farmers’ context. Rather than promoting such technologies, a starting point is to engage with farmers to change mindsets and adapt their practices to innovate. Market incentives like significant price differentiation for quality are critical to accelerate the change in practices and innovations for reduction PHLs.

Multilocus differentiation of the related dermatophytes Microsporum canis, Microsporum ferrugineum and Microsporum audouinii

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rezaei-Matehkolaei ◽  
Koichi Makimura ◽  
G. Sybren de Hoog ◽  
Mohammad Reza Shidfar ◽  
Kazuo Satoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Microsporum Ferrugineum ◽  
Microsporum Audouinii

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penanganan Pascapanen dan Pola Supply Chain Management (SCM) terhadap Pendapatan Petani Beras Hitam di Kabupaten Sukabumi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Neneng Kartika Rini ◽  
Venita Sofiani
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Postharvest Handling ◽  
Rice Prices ◽  
Rice Farmer

Black Rice is a local commodity which apparently was not found in the Ciemas area of Sukabumi Regency alone, in several Districts in Sukabumi Regency, namely in the Districts of Waluran, Cidolog, and Kabandungan. Black rice from the nutritional content and benefits is no less significant. Black Rice prices are higher than white rice or consumption rice. Every Black Rice farmer still has problems in carrying out the postharvest handling process. This is the case with Chain Management (SCM) or supplies chain management by farmers; farmers also do this with different patterns. The income of lowland rice farmers is uncertain. Because the benefits of black rice and farmers' income fluctuate every year, it is necessary to check postharvest handling and to know and analyze how efficient workflows are to accelerate supply chain management, black rice reaches consumers and makes more enormous profits. Rather than spending money on black rice entrepreneurs. The results show that the postharvest handling process and the SCM pattern affect the income of farmers in Waluran, Ciemas, Surade, Cidolog, and Kabandungan, Sukabumi Regency.

scholarly journals Technical Efficiency and Technological Gaps of Rice Production in Anambra State, Nigeria

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Chukwujekwu A. Obianefo ◽  
John N. Ng’ombe ◽  
Agness Mzyece ◽  
Blessing Masasi ◽  
Ngozi J. Obiekwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Rice Farmers

The traditional approach to modeling productive efficiency assumes that technology is constant across the sample. However, farms in different regions may face different production opportunities, and the technologies they employ may differ due to environmental factors. Therefore, rather than using a traditional stochastic frontier model in such cases, a stochastic meta-frontier (SMF) analysis is recommended to account for environmental factors between regions. It follows that differences in environmental factors between the upland and lowland regions in Anambra State, Nigeria, may result in farmers producing rice under different production and environmental conditions. Using the SMF model, this study, for the first time, determines technical efficiency (TE) and technological gap ratios (TGRs) of rice production from the upland and lowland regions in the Awka North Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Our data are from a cross-section sample of randomly selected rice farmers. Results reveal that lowland regional rice producers are on average, significantly more technically efficient (91.7%) than their upland counterparts (84.2%). Additionally, mean TGRs associated with lowland rice farmers are higher (92.1%) than their corresponding upland producers (84.7%). While the upland rice producers are less technically efficient and further away from their full potential, results indicate that both sets of farmers do not use advanced technologies to match the industry’s potential. We suggest that agricultural policy should focus on providing regionally specific technologies, such as improved rice varieties that fit the working environment of the lagging area, to help rice farmers improve their resource efficiency and minimize technological gaps.

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