scholarly journals Relationships of Adiponectin with Markers of Systemic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Infants Undergoing Open Cardiac Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukun Cao ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
Shiqiang Yu ◽  
Guocheng Sun ◽  
Chunhu Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Insulin Requirement ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Blood Samples

Background. Insulin resistance and systemic inflammation frequently occur in infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, while adiponectin has been demonstrated to have insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this prospective study, we aimed to investigate the association of adiponectin with insulin resistance and inflammatory mediators in infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods and Results. From sixty infants undergoing open cardiac surgery, blood samples were taken before anesthesia, at the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass and at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the termination of cardiopulmonary bypass. Plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and adiponectin levels were assessed in blood samples. Insulin resistance was measured by assessment of the insulin requirement to maintain euglycaemia and repeated measurements of an insulin glycaemic index. Insulin glycaemic index, IL-6, and TNF-αincreased up to 3–8-fold 6 h after the operation. Adiponectin is negatively correlated with markers of systemic inflammation 6 h after CPB.Conclusions. Although the level of serum adiponectin decreased significantly, there was a significant inverse association of adiponectin with markers of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in infants undergoing open cardiac surgery.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Interleukin-13 Increase in Subjects with Insulin Resistance but Do Not Correlate with Markers of Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo P. Martínez-Reyes ◽  
Angélica Y. Gómez-Arauz ◽  
Israel Torres-Castro ◽  
Aarón N. Manjarrez-Reyna ◽  
León F. Palomera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Relationship Of

Experimental evidence in mice suggests a role for interleukin- (IL-) 13 in insulin resistance and low-grade systemic inflammation. However, IL-13 serum levels have not been assessed in subjects with insulin resistance, and associations of IL-13 with parameters of low-grade systemic inflammation are still unknown. Our main goal was to examine the systemic levels of IL-13 in patients with insulin resistance, while also studying the relationship of IL-13 with anthropometric, metabolic, and low-grade systemic inflammatory markers. Ninety-two participants were included in the study and divided into insulin-resistant patients and noninsulin-resistant controls. Blood levels of IL-13, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, proinflammatory (Mon-CD11c+CD206−), and anti-inflammatory (Mon-CD11c−CD206+) monocytes, as well as anthropometric parameters, were measured in all volunteers. Insulin-resistant patients showed 2.5-fold higher serum levels of IL-13 than controls (P<0.0001) and significantly increased values of TNF-α and Mon-CD11c+CD206−, with concomitant reductions in IL-10 and Mon-CD11c−CD206+. Increased IL-13 was extraordinarily well associated with hyperglycemia (r=0.7362) and hypertriglyceridemia (r=0.7632) but unexpectedly exhibited no significant correlations with TNF-α (r=0.2907), IL-10 (r=−0.3882), Mon-CD11c+CD206− (r=0.2745) or Mon-CD11c−CD206+ (r=−0.3237). This study demonstrates that IL-13 serum levels are elevated in patients with insulin resistance without showing correlation with parameters of low-grade systemic inflammation.

Recombinant Factor VIIa Combined with Fibrinogen Corrects the Coagulopathy Associated with Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery Ex Vivo

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 4097-4097
Author(s):  
Pall T. Onundarson ◽  
Hanna S. Asvaldsdottir ◽  
Brynja R. Gudmundsdottir ◽  
Benny Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Protamine Sulphate ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Major cardiac surgery and use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is often associated with the development of a severe coagulopathy, hyperfibrinolysis and increased risk of bleeding. The present ex vivo study challenged the hypotheses that whole blood thrombelastometry, activated with minute amounts of tissue factor, can reveal the development of a coagulopathy following cardiac surgery, and that supplementation with fibrinogen and rFVIIa, alone or in combination, can improve the ex vivo clotting pattern. In total, 22 patients with a median age of 68, undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery with use of CPB were included in the study. Dynamic thrombelastometric clotting profiles were recorded using citrated whole blood activated with dilute tissue factor (Innovin®, final dilution 1:17000). Blood samples were collected before surgery (control) and immediately following in vivo neutralization of heparin with protamine sulphate. All blood samples for thrombelastometry were treated with heparinase to ensure neutralization of residual heparin. Standard coagulation laboratory parameters and platelet function confirmed the development of a significant coagulopathy following CPB. The post-operative blood samples were spiked with buffer, rFVIIa (2 μg/mL), fibrinogen (1mg/mL), or the combination of rFVIIa+fibrinogen. The post-operative coagulopathy was evident by thromboelastometry as a statistically significant derangements (Wilcoxon signed rank test). There was prolongation of the onset of clotting (CT, from a median value of 183 seconds pre-op to 385 sec post-op), reduced maximum velocity of clot formation (MaxVel, from 17.5 mm*100/sec pre-op to 15.1 post-op) and reduced maximum clot firmness (MCF, from 6234 mm pre-op to 5527 post-op). Ex vivo spiking with rFVIIa shortened the post-operative clot initiation phase (CT) to a median of 232 sec. Fibrinogen also shortened the post-operative clotting time to a median of 246 sec, and additionally increased the MCF to 5839 mm. Finally, the combination of rFVIIa and fibrinogen together corrected the abnormal thromboelastometric findings associated with CPB-coagulopathy into the pre-operative range, i.e. median CT decreased to 155 sec, MaxVel increased to 16.8 mm*100/sec and MCF increased to 5808 mm. In conclusion, the experiments suggest a potential role of fibrinogen supplementation during control of bleeding following CPB, either alone or in combination with rFVIIa, since the combination corrected the CPB-associated coagulopathy remaining following neutralization of heparin.

scholarly journals STAT3 Regulates Monocyte TNF-Alpha Production in Systemic Inflammation Caused by Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e35070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petrus R. de Jong ◽  
Alvin W. L. Schadenberg ◽  
Theo van den Broek ◽  
Jeffrey M. Beekman ◽  
Femke van Wijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Alpha Production

scholarly journals Impact of Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation on Alkaline Phosphatase Metabolism after Cardiac Surgery

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Thomas Poschner ◽  
Anne-Kristin Schaefer ◽  
Doris Hutschala ◽  
Georg Goliasch ◽  
Julia Riebandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ecmo Support ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Postoperative Course ◽  
Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Vienna General Hospital ◽  
Va Ecmo

(1) Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is consumed during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A high AP depletion leads to an impaired outcome after cardiac surgery. However, data is scarce on the postoperative course of AP under venoarterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) support. (2) A total of 239 patients with VA-ECMO support between 2000 and 2019 at the Department of Cardiac Surgery (Vienna General Hospital, Austria) were included in this retrospective analysis. Blood samples were collected at several timepoints (baseline, postoperative day (POD) 1–7, POD 14 and 30). Patients were categorized according to the relative AP drop (<60% vs. ≥60%) and ECMO duration (<5 days vs. ≥5 days). (3) Overall, 44.4% reached the baseline AP values within 5 days—this was only the case for 28.6% with a higher AP drop (compared to 62.7% with a lower drop; p = 0.000). A greater AP drop was associated with a significantly higher need for renal replacement therapy (40.9% vs. 61.9%; p = 0.002) and an impaired 1-year survival (51.4% vs. 66.0%; p = 0.031). (4) CPB exceeds the negative impact of VA-ECMO; still, ECMO seems to delay alkaline phosphatase recovery. A greater initial AP drop bears the risk of higher morbidity and mortality.

Effects of conventional CPB and mini-CPB on neutrophils CD162, CD166 and CD195 expression

Perfusion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drahomira Holmannova ◽  
Martina Kolackova ◽  
Jiri Mandak ◽  
Pavel Kunes ◽  
Zdenka Holubcova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Median Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Cardiac surgery is known to trigger a systemic inflammatory response. While the use of conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) results in profound inflammation, modified mini-CPB is considered less harmful. We evaluated the impact of cardiac surgery on the expression of CD162, CD166, CD195 molecules and their association with the type of CPB used. Methods and Results: Twenty-four patients were enrolled in our study. Twelve of them were operated using conventional CPB while the other twelve patients underwent surgery with mini-CPB. Blood samples were analysed by flow cytometry. We observed a significant increase in median fluorescence intensity of CD162 and CD195 that peaked instantly after surgery and normalized to the baseline value on the 1st day post surgery, whereas CD166 was initially down-regulated and its median fluorescence intensity (MFI) value increased to the baseline in the next few days. Conclusion: We observed immediate changes in the expression of CD162, CD166, and CD195 molecules on the neutrophils after surgery in both study groups of patients. The intensity of the observed changes was significantly greater in the group of patients who underwent conventional CPB compared to patients who underwent mini-CPB cardiac surgery.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary Bypass during Cardiac Surgery Modulates Systemic Inflammation by Affecting Different Steps of the Leukocyte Recruitment Cascade

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e45738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Rossaint ◽  
Christian Berger ◽  
Hugo Van Aken ◽  
Hans H. Scheld ◽  
Peter K. Zahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Leukocyte Recruitment

Neurone-specific enolase and Sangtec 100 assays during cardiac surgery: part II - must samples be spun within 30 min?

Perfusion ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sapsed-Byrne ◽  
F Gao ◽  
D N F Harris
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cerebral Damage ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
S 100

Sangtec 100 (S-100) (Sangtec Medical, Sweden) and neurone-specific enolase (NSE) assays are showing promise in the assessment of cerebral damage following cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP). The manufacturer’s instructions state, however, that samples must be spun and frozen within 30 min, which is inconvenient for serial studies. We, therefore, investigated whether storing blood samples at room temperature (RT) or 4°C for up to 48 h affected the measured levels. Blood samples were taken before and after CBP in six patients and stored for 15 min, 4, 8, 24 or 48 h at RT or 4°C. S-100 and NSE levels did not alter in either ‘before surgery’ or CPB samples when stored for up to 48 h at 4°C. There was a small, nonsignificant rise when stored at RT. Samples may, therefore, be collected throughout long operations or stored overnight without affecting NSE or S-100 plasma levels.

Neurone-specific enolase and Sangtec 100 assays during cardiac surgery: part I - the effects of heparin, protamine and propofol

Perfusion ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Gao ◽  
D NF Harris ◽  
S Sapsed-Byrne ◽  
S Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Lipid Emulsion ◽  
Cerebral Damage ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Neurone-specific enolase (NSE) and Sangtec 100 (S-100) (Sangtec Medical, Sweden) assays are designed for clotted samples, but when studying cerebral damage following cardiac surgery, perioperative samples will contain heparin and/or protamine. The lipid emulsion propofol is also frequently used during cardiac surgery and could affect the assays. We, therefore, studied the effects of heparin, protamine and propofol on the accuracy of NSE and S-100 assays in five healthy patients. Blood samples were taken and divided into four groups: normal saline was added to group A; heparin to group B; heparin followed by protamine to group C; and propofol to group D. NSE and S-100 concentrations were measured for all samples. Neither heparin, protamine nor propofol affected the accuracy of S-100 and NSE assays; therefore, samples can be taken throughout operations involving cardiopulmonary bypass without influencing the results.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document