scholarly journals Why Is ABI Effective in Detecting Vascular Stenosis? Investigation Based on Multibranch Hemodynamic Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Li ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Shuyu Li ◽  
Fang Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Hemodynamic Model ◽  
Stenosis Severity ◽  
Arterial Stenoses ◽  
Flow Propagation

The ankle-brachial index (ABI), defined as the ratio of systolic pressure in the ankle arteries and that in the brachial artery, was a useful noninvasive method to detect arterial stenoses. There had been a lot of researches about clinical regularities of ABI; however, mechanism studies were less addressed. For the purpose of a better understanding of the correlation between vascular stenoses and ABI, a computational model for simulating blood pressure and flow propagation in various arterial stenosis circumstances was developed with a detailed compartmental description of the heart and main arteries. Particular attention was paid to the analysis of effects of vascular stenoses in different large-sized arteries on ABI in theory. Moreover, the variation of ABI during the increase of the stenosis severity was also studied. Results showed that stenoses in lower limb arteries, as well as, brachial artery, caused different variations of blood pressure in ankle and brachial arteries, resulting in a significant change of ABI. Furthermore, the variation of ABI became faster when the severity of the stenosis increased, validating that ABI was more sensitive to severe stenoses than to mild/moderate ones. All these in findings revealed the reason why ABI was an effective index for detecting stenoses, especially in lower limb arteries.

Some Observations on the Study of the Blood-pressure in the Insane

1927 ◽  
Vol 73 (301) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Parkin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
The Third

This paper is based upon observations taken on patients at rarkside Mental Hospital, Macclesfield.Martin's modification of a Riva-Rocci sphygmomanometer was used. The systolic pressure (S.P.) was taken at the point on the scale when the first audible click was heard through the stethoscope on decompression following obliteration of the left brachial artery, and the diastolic pressure (D.P.) at the point when the loud thuds suddenly became dull (the end of the third and beginning of the fourth phase).

scholarly journals Daily indices of central and peripheral blood pressure in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension at different stages of chronic kidney disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-577
Author(s):  
I V Polyakova ◽  
N Yu Borovkova ◽  
A A Tulichev ◽  
T I Maslova ◽  
N Yu Linyova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Pressure

Aim. To study the daily indices of central and peripheral blood pressure in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension at different stages of chronic kidney disease. Methods. 76 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension were examined: 13.2% with chronic kidney disease stage 1 (G1), 15.8% G2, 21.0% G3, 23.7% G4, 26.3% G5D. For the daily monitoring of central (in aorta) and peripheral blood pressure (in brachial artery), the BPLab monitor and the Vasotens-24 technology were used. Results. In the examined patients central and peripheral systolic, diastolic, and pulse blood pressure increased with renal function decline. Thus, the daily systolic pressure increased from 112 [107; 129] mm Hg in the aorta and 127 [118; 131] mm Hg in the brachial artery in patients with G1 to 146 [137; 153] and 147 [138; 155] mm Hg with G5D; diastolic — from 76 [70; 83] and 78 [71; 85] to 96 [82; 104] and 97 [81; 107] mm Hg; pulse pressure — from 36 [33; 45] and 48 [42; 51] to 53 [45; 56] and 62 [50; 65] mm Hg (p <0.05). A statistically significant excess of peripheral values over the corresponding parameters of central blood pressure for systolic (in groups G1–2) and pulse (G1–4) pressure was detected. Thus, in patients with G2, the average daily systolic pressure was 132 [115; 136] mm Hg in brachial artery and 113 [110; 127] mm Hg in aorta, pulse pressure — 49 [41; 52] and 33 [30; 41] mm Hg (p <0.05). With further progression of renal failure, these differences were not reliably detected. Most patients had a defect of the daily aortic and brachial blood pressure rhythm but the dipper status of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was less common than brachial one (24 and 20% versus 39 and 35%, χ2=5.21 and 5.64; p <0.05). Conclusion. The features of the peripheral and central blood pressure daily indices at different stages of chronic kidney disease in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension determine the relevance of their further study to compare the effect on cardiovascular risk and renal failure progression.

scholarly journals Association between critical limb ischemia and arterial stiffness measured by brachial artery oscillometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mendes-Pinto ◽  
José Márcio Ribeiro ◽  
Maria da Glória Rodrigues-Machado
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Critical Limb Ischemia ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson Coefficient ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Elevated arterial stiffness is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. The relationship between arterial stiffness and critical limb ischemia (CLI) is not well established. Objectives The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between arterial stiffness indices and the degree of limb ischemia measured by the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Methods A cross-sectional study comparing patients with CLI and controls. Arterial stiffness was measured using brachial artery oscillometry. The arterial stiffness indices pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index normalized to 75 beats/min (AIx@75) were determined. Multiple linear regression was applied to identify predictors of arterial stiffness indices. Results Patients in the CLI group had higher PWV (12.1±1.9 m/s vs. 10.1±1.9 m/s, p < 0.01) and AIx@75 (31.8±7.8% vs. 17.5±10.8%, p < 0.01) than controls. Central systolic pressure was higher in the CLI group (129.2±18.4 mmHg vs. 115.2±13.1 mmHg, p < 0.01). There was an inverse relationship between AIx@75 and ABI (Pearson coefficient = 0.24, p = 0.048), but there was no relationship between ABI and PWV (Pearson coefficient = 0.19, p = 0.12). In multiple regression analysis, reduced ABI was a predictor of elevated levels of AIx@75 (β = -25.02, p < 0.01). Conclusions Patients with CLI have high arterial stiffness measured by brachial artery oscillometry. The degree of limb ischemia, as measured by the ABI, is a predictor of increased AIx@75. The increased AIx@75 observed in CLI may have implications for the prognosis of this group of patients with advanced atherosclerosis.

P7.05 DETERMINATION OF THE BEST ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX THRESHOLD VALUES FOR THE ROUTINE DETECTION OF A SIGNIFICANT LOWER LIMB ARTERIAL STENOSIS USING AN AUTOMATED DEVICE

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
D. Rosenbaum ◽  
S. Rodriguez Carranza ◽  
P. Laroche ◽  
P. Giral ◽  
E. Bruckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Threshold Values

scholarly journals Assessment of Diabetic Foot through the Developmental Stages of Lower Limb Abnormalities Using Ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh K.S. ◽  
Sukesh Kumar A.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Velocity Spectrum ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Medial Arterial Calcification

A diabetic foot is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. This causes large number of lower leg amputations worldwide. Usually this disease is getting diagnosed in a very later stage. Ankle-arm index, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1C, high blood pressure, medial arterial calcification, nerve conduction velocity, peripheral vascular disease, systolic blood pressure, transcutaneous oxygen tension, etc. are some of the major indicators of a diabetic foot. Among these peripheral arterial abnormalities and neuropathy are the most dominant visible factors. Detection and monitoring of diabetic foot help to demonstrate the feet at risk of ulceration positively. This study reveals the various assessment methodologies of lower limb abnormalities leading to diabetic foot using ultrasound. Ultrasound is being used in various cases related to diabetic foot, from the identification of systolic pressure for the ankle brachial pressure index to the velocity analysis of hemodynamic studies. The study analyses the lower limb abnormalities and extracts the features of diabetic foot from the velocity spectrum of ultrasound Doppler scan.

Ascending Aortoiliac Bypass for One-Stage Repair of Adult Aortic Coarctation With Concomitant Cardiac Lesions

2021 ◽  
pp. 153857442110421
Author(s):  
Zhan Peng ◽  
Juntao Qiu ◽  
De Wang ◽  
Xiubin Yang ◽  
Cuntao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Lower Quadrant ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Cardiac Lesions

Background To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ascending aortoiliac bypass surgery for one-stage repair of adult coarctation of the aorta (CoA) and concomitant cardiac disease. Methods From March 2012 to October 2018, 51 consecutive CoA patients were treated with ascending aorta to bilateral iliac artery bypass concomitant with and cardiac surgerical procedures performed for a variety of reasons. A Y-shaped graft was used for the bypass procedure. We evaluated early outcomes, including postoperative death, systolic blood pressure and differences between upper and lower limb blood pressure. Results The average age was 41 years and 64.7% of patients were men. Simultaneous cardiac procedures included aortic valve replacement, ventricular septal defect repair, Bentall procedures and Wheat procedures. No deaths occurred in the early postoperative period. Three patients had delayed healing at the site of the abdominal lower quadrant incisions. The average systolic pressure in the upper limb and the average difference between the upper- and lower-limb blood pressure decreased significantly after surgery (162.7 ± 13.4 mmHg vs 128.4 ± 6.7 mmHg, P = .000; 69.6 ± 15.6 mmHg vs 8.7 ± 7.6 mmHg, P = .000, respectively); The systolic blood pressure in the lower limb increased after bypass surgery (93.1 ± 6.2 mmHg vs 119.6 ± 7.7 mmHg, P = .000). The follow-up rate was 100%, with an average follow-up time of 61 months. Six patients (11.8%) had graft stenosis or occlusion. Three patients (5.9%) underwent endovascular embolectomy. Conclusions In our small series, ascending aortoiliac bypass for one-stage repair of CoA with concomitant cardiac lesions appears safe and efficacious in effectively reduceing differences between upper and lower limb systolic blood pressure. Further study with larger sample size and longer follow-up is needed.

Ventilatory threshold is related to walking tolerance in patients with intermittent claudication

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
da Rocha Chehuen ◽  
G. Cucato ◽  
P. dos Anjos Souza Barbosa ◽  
A. R. Costa ◽  
M. Ritti-Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
The Relationship

Background: This study assessed the relationship between lower limb hemodynamics and metabolic parameters with walking tolerance in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). Patients and methods: Resting ankle-brachial index (ABI), baseline blood flow (BF), BF response to reactive hyperemia (BFRH), oxygen uptake (VO2), initial claudication distance (ICD) and total walking distance (TWD) were measured in 28 IC patients. Pearson and Spearman correlations were calculated. Results: ABI, baseline BF and BF response to RH did not correlate with ICD or TWD. VO2 at first ventilatory threshold and VO2peak were significantly and positively correlated with ICD (r = 0.41 and 0.54, respectively) and TWD (r = 0.65 and 0.71, respectively). Conclusions: VO2peak and VO2 at first ventilatory threshold, but not ABI, baseline BF and BFHR were associated with walking tolerance in IC patients. These results suggest that VO2 at first ventilatory threshold may be useful to evaluate walking tolerance and improvements in IC patients.

INTERARM SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE DIFFERENCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH PREVALENCE OF CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASES- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN POLICE WORKER

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somesh Raju ◽  
Rina Kumari ◽  
Sunita Tiwari ◽  
NS Verma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Pressure Difference ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Interarm systolic blood pressure difference more than 10 mm of Hg is predictor of cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Despite of sufficient physical activity there is high prevalence of obesity in police personal because of stressful working environment. No studies have addressed the significance of interarm pressure difference among them. Therefore, the present study conducted to access the relation of interarm blood pressure difference with obesity in police personnel. Aims and Objective: To estimate the interarm pressure difference in police personal to see its association with their obesity. Material and Method: This cross-sectional observational study done on 245 police workers in PAC, Sitapur, India. Subjects having more than ten years of working experience were included in study. Anthropometric measurements of subject recorded by following standard protocol. Measurement of systolic pressure in both arm recorded simultaneously by mercury sphygmomanometer. Available data analyze and expressed in percentage, mean with SD and chi square test to see the significance of association. Results: According to anthropometric results of subjects 77.14 prcent subjects were having generalised obesity and 82.04 percent of subjects having abdominal obesity. 34.29 percent of subjects showed abnormally high (?10 mmHg) inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference. Both type of obesity showed positive association with blood sugar level but no association with interarm pressure difference. Conclusion: Interarm blood pressure difference is greater in individual having obesity or prolong duration of service. Such subjects are more susceptible to develop coronary artery disease or peripheral arterial disease in future. Early screening can help to detect the vascular events likely to occur in the future Keywords: Body mass index, Waist circumference, Interarm pressure difference, Random blood sugar

The association between S1P and vascular disease markers in the general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Rotheudt ◽  
E Moritz ◽  
M Markus ◽  
H Voelzke ◽  
N Friedrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Vascular Health ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Brachial Artery Diameter ◽  
Carotid Plaques

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction  Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator of the immune system and vascular bed. However, cross-sectional analyses of S1P and parameters of vascular health in the population are sparse. Purpose  We explored the relation between S1P concentrations and several parameters of vascular health, i.e. ankle-brachial index (ABI), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques/stenosis, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) as well as aortic wall thickness (AWT). Methods S1P was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND-0). ABI was calculated as the ratio of systolic blood pressure in arms and ankles. For cIMT, the distance between the lumen-intima and media-adventitia interfaces in longitudinal scans were measured. Carotid plaques were defined as a focal protrusion of the carotid vessel wall. Carotid stenosis was assessed with Doppler ultrasonography. FMD was evaluated by measuring the increase in brachial artery diameter after transient forearm ischemia. AWT was assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging.  Subjects with cancer, severe renal insufficiency, previous myocardial infarction and extreme values for S1P (&lt; 1st and &gt; 99th percentile) were excluded. Sex stratified linear regression models adjusted for age, smoking, waist-to-hip ratio and platelets were used to assess the relation between S1P and vascular disease parameters. Results A total of n = 3,643 participants (48% male, median age 51, 25th and 75th percentile 39 and 63 years) could be included in the analyses. The median S1P concentration was 0.788 µM (25th and 75th percentile 0.679 and 0.906, respectively). In men a 1 standard deviation higher S1P was associated with a significantly greater cIMT (β: 0.0057 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00027 to 0.0112 mm; p = 0.0396) and a lower ABI (β: -0.0090 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.0153 to -0.0029; p = 0.0038. In women S1P was significantly associated with cIMT (β: 0.0044 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0001 to 0.0086 mm; p = 0.0445) while no significant association was found for the relation of S1P with ABI. For both men and women S1P was not associated with FMD, the presence of carotid plaques/stenosis and AWT. Conclusions We found that S1P concentrations were positively related to a thicker cIMT in both sexes and lower ABI values in men. There was no association of S1P with any of the other vascular markers of interest. Future studies need to validate our results in other populations.

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