scholarly journals Large-Scale Modeling of Epileptic Seizures: Scaling Properties of Two Parallel Neuronal Network Simulation Algorithms

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo L. Pesce ◽  
Hyong C. Lee ◽  
Mark Hereld ◽  
Sid Visser ◽  
Rick L. Stevens ◽  
...  

Our limited understanding of the relationship between the behavior of individual neurons and large neuronal networks is an important limitation in current epilepsy research and may be one of the main causes of our inadequate ability to treat it. Addressing this problem directly via experiments is impossibly complex; thus, we have been developing and studying medium-large-scale simulations of detailed neuronal networks to guide us. Flexibility in the connection schemas and a complete description of the cortical tissue seem necessary for this purpose. In this paper we examine some of the basic issues encountered in these multiscale simulations. We have determined the detailed behavior of two such simulators on parallel computer systems. The observed memory and computation-time scaling behavior for a distributed memory implementation were very good over the range studied, both in terms of network sizes (2,000 to 400,000 neurons) and processor pool sizes (1 to 256 processors). Our simulations required between a few megabytes and about 150 gigabytes of RAM and lasted between a few minutes and about a week, well within the capability of most multinode clusters. Therefore, simulations of epileptic seizures on networks with millions of cells should be feasible on current supercomputers.

1993 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER OSSADNIK

We study numerically the growth of a crack in an elastic medium under the influence of a travelling shockwave. We describe the implementation of a fast algorithm which is perfectly suited for a data parallel computer. Using large scale simulations on the Connection Machine we generate cracks with more than 10000 sites on a 1024 × 1024 lattice. We show that the resulting patterns are fractal with a fractal dimension that depends on the chosen breaking criterion and varies between 1. and 2.


1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H. Yang ◽  
E.D. Brooks III ◽  
J. Belak

A molecular dynamics algorithm for performing large-scale simulations using the Parallel C Preprocessor (PCP) programming paradigm on the BBN TC2000, a massively parallel computer, is discussed. The algorithm uses a linked-cell data structure to obtain the near neighbors of each atom as time evoles. Each processor is assigned to a geometric domain containing many subcells and the storage for that domain is private to the processor. Within this scheme, the interdomain (i.e., interprocessor) communication is minimized.


Author(s):  
П.А. Бимбереков

Моделирование пропульсивных характеристик судов с использованием малых самоходных моделей в опытовых бассейнах производится исходя из подобия чисел Фруда, при этом обеспечить подобие по числу Рейнольдса не удаётся. В связи с не полным моделированием параметров как потока обтекающего корпус модели, так и потока набегающего на её винт, возникает гидродинамическое несоответствие сил сопротивления самоходной модели и упора её движителя при масштабной скорости, обеспечиваемой буксировочной тележкой. Таким образом, моделирование сопряжено с рядом масштабных погрешностей, нейтрализация которых как в физическом исполнении, так и посредством введения расчётных поправок является важной задачей. Рассматривается возможность организации у корпуса и движителя самоходной модели потоков разной плотности для нейтрализации некоторых видов масштабных погрешностей. Для анализа выбрана зависимость пересчёта с модели на натуру, использующая поправочные коэффициенты в виде степенной функции масштаба для корпуса и движителя модели. Получены зависимости взаимосвязи плотностей обтекающего корпус и набегающего на гребной винт потоков в оговариваемых вариантах соотношения степеней пересчёта с модели на натурное судно. Намечаются подходы к практической реализации рассматриваемой задачи изменения натекающих потоков, обтекающих корпус и движитель самоходной модели, связанные с отсосом и подачей жидкости. Simulation of propulsive characteristics of vessels using small self-propelled models in the experimental pools is based on the similarity of Froude numbers, while it is not possible to provide similarity in the Reynolds number. Due to the incomplete modeling of the parameters of both the flow around the body of the model and the flow incident on its screw, there is a hydrodynamic mismatch of the resistance forces of the self-propelled model and the emphasis of its propulsion at the scale speed provided by the towing cart. Thus, the simulation involves a number of large-scale errors, the neutralization of which both in physical performance and through the introduction of computational corrections is an important task. The possibility of organization of self-propelled model of flows of different density for neutralization of some types of scale errors is considered. For the analysis, the dependence of the conversion from model to nature, using the correction factors in the form of a power function of the scale of the model for the body and the engine of the model, was chosen. The dependences of the relationship of the densities streams around the hull and the propeller streams to be specified embodiments, the ratio of the degree of recalculate dependencies of the model of the hull and propeller to full-scale vessel. Approaches to the practical implementation of the considered problem of changing the flowing flows around the hull and the self-propelled propulsion associated with the suction and supply of liquid are outlined.


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S356) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
De-Fu Bu

AbstractThe mass accretion rate determines the black hole accretion mode and the corresponding efficiency of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) feedback. In large-scale simulations studying galaxy formation and evolution, the Bondi radius can be at most marginally resolved. In these simulations, the Bondi accretion formula is always used to estimate the black hole accretion rate. The Bondi solution can not represent the real accretion process. We perform 77 simulations with varying density and temperature at Bondi radius. We find a formula to calculate the black hole accretion rate based on gas density and temperature at Bondi radius. We find that the formula can accurately predict the luminosity of observed low-luminosity AGNs. This formula can be used in sub-grid models in large-scale simulations with AGNs feedback.


1991 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 719-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BOURBONNAIS ◽  
H.J. HERRMANN ◽  
T. VICSEK

We present results of large scale simulations on the Connection Machine (CM) on the scaling behavior of the Zhang model and its variants for the kinetics of self-affine interfaces with power-law noise. Details on implementing this problem on a massively parallel computer such as the CM are given. Our calculations for the case when the amplitude η of the noise has a distribution P(η)~η−1−µ are in good agreement with earlier findings of non-universality for µ<7. We present data which suggest that for µ≥7 the model is in the universality class of Gaussian noise.


2007 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. S9
Author(s):  
M. Diesmann ◽  
M.O. Gewaltig ◽  
A. Morrison ◽  
H.E. Plesser

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Wataru Hotta ◽  
Shunichi Suzuki ◽  
Muneo Hori

For more reliable evaluation of liquefaction, an analysis model of higher fidelity should be used even though it requires more numerical computation. We developed a parallel finite element method (FEM), implemented with the non-linear multiple shear mechanism model. A bottleneck experienced when implementing the model is the use of vast amounts of CPU memory for material state parameters. We succeeded in drastically reducing the computation requirements of the model by suitably approximating the formulation of the model. An analysis model of high fidelity was constructed for a soil-structure system, and the model was analyzed by using the developed parallel FEM on a parallel computer. The amount of required CPU memory was reduced. The computation time was reduced as well, and the practical applicability of the developed parallel FEM is demonstrated.


VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.


Author(s):  
Jian Tao ◽  
Werner Benger ◽  
Kelin Hu ◽  
Edwin Mathews ◽  
Marcel Ritter ◽  
...  

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