scholarly journals Associations of Existing Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, and Glycosuria with Offspring IQ and Educational Attainment: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Fraser ◽  
Scott M. Nelson ◽  
Corrie Macdonald-Wallis ◽  
Debbie A. Lawlor
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Diabetes Gestational ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction. Results from studies examining associations of maternal diabetes in pregnancy with offspring cognitive outcomes have been inconclusive.Methods. We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a UK prospective pregnancy cohort. Outcomes were School Entry Assessment (SEA) scores (age 4,N=6,032) and WISC-III IQ (age 8,N=5,282–5,307) and General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) results (age 16,N=7,615).Results. Existing diabetes, gestational diabetes, and, to a lesser extent, glycosuria were associated with lower offspring SEA scores (age 4), IQ (age 8), and GCSE results (age 16) even when adjusting for offspring sex, maternal age, prepregnancy BMI, smoking in pregnancy, parity, caesarean section, maternal education, and occupational social class. Offspring of mothers with existing diabetes had a threefold risk of achieving no GCSEs graded A*-C, whilst offspring of women with gestational diabetes had, on average, a five point lower IQ compared to offspring of women with no diabetes or glycosuria.Conclusions. Maternal diabetes in pregnancy is consistently associated with lower offspring cognition and educational attainment though confidence intervals were wide. The weaker associations with glycosuria suggest a dose-dependent adverse association with IQ.

scholarly journals A longitudinal study of depression and gestational diabetes in pregnancy and the postpartum period

Diabetologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2594-2602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie N. Hinkle ◽  
Germaine M. Buck Louis ◽  
Shristi Rawal ◽  
Yeyi Zhu ◽  
Paul S. Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Association between maternal vitamin D status in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood: results from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (12) ◽  
pp. 1682-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Darling ◽  
Margaret P. Rayman ◽  
Colin D. Steer ◽  
Jean Golding ◽  
Susan A. Lanham-New ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Maternal Vitamin D Status ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractSeafood intake in pregnancy has been positively associated with childhood cognitive outcomes which could potentially relate to the high vitamin D content of oily fish. However, whether higher maternal vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)) in pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of offspring suboptimal neurodevelopmental outcomes is unclear. A total of 7065 mother–child pairs were studied from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort who had data for both serum total 25(OH)D concentration in pregnancy and at least one measure of offspring neurodevelopment (pre-school development at 6–42 months; ‘Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire’ scores at 7 years; intelligence quotient (IQ) at 8 years; reading ability at 9 years). After adjustment for confounders, children of vitamin D-deficient mothers (<50·0 nmol/l) were more likely to have scores in the lowest quartile for gross-motor development at 30 months (OR 1·20; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·40), fine-motor development at 30 months (OR 1·23; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·44) and social development at 42 months (OR 1·20; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·41) than vitamin D-sufficient mothers (≥50·0 nmol/l). No associations were found with neurodevelopmental outcomes, including IQ, measured at older ages. However, our results suggest that deficient maternal vitamin D status in pregnancy may have adverse effects on some measures of motor and social development in children under 4 years. Prevention of vitamin D deficiency may be important for preventing suboptimal development in the first 4 years of life.

scholarly journals Parental suicide attempt and offspring educational attainment during adolescence in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2097-2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Geulayov ◽  
C. Metcalfe ◽  
D. Gunnell
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Parental Suicide ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study

BackgroundFew studies have investigated the impact of parental suicide attempt (SA) on offspring outcomes other than mental health. We investigated the association of parental SA with offspring educational attainment in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).MethodParental SA was prospectively recorded from pregnancy until the study children were 11 years old. National school test results (ages 11–16 years) were obtained by record linkage. Multilevel regression models quantified the association between parental SA and offspring outcomes.ResultsData were available for 6667 mother–child and 3054 father–child pairs. Adolescents whose mothers had attempted suicide were less likely than their peers to achieve the expected educational level by age 14 years [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41–0.95] in models controlling for relevant confounders, including parental education and depression. At age 16 years, adolescents whose mothers had attempted suicide were less likely to obtain the expected educational level (five or more qualifications at grade A*–C) (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.43–1.00) in models controlling for relevant confounders and parental education; however, after additionally controlling for maternal depression the results were consistent with chance (aOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.48–1.13). Findings in relation to paternal SA were consistent with those of maternal SA but power was limited due to lower response rate amongst fathers.ConclusionsMaternal SA was associated with diminished educational performance at age 14 years. Educational attainment during adolescence can have substantial effect on future opportunities and well-being and these offspring may benefit from interventions.

scholarly journals The Role of Exposure to Neighborhood and School Poverty in Understanding Educational Attainment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaap Nieuwenhuis ◽  
Tom Kleinepier ◽  
Maarten van Ham
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
School Contexts ◽  
Neighborhood Poverty ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
School Poverty ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study ◽  
Observation Period

AbstractBecause the demographic composition of neighborhoods and schools overlaps, their effects on educational attainment are not independent of each other. Throughout the early teenage years, the timing and duration of exposure to neighborhood and school contexts can vary, advocating for a longitudinal approach when studying schooling outcomes. This study uses Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children data (N = 4502; 49% female) to examine how exposure to poverty between ages 10–16 predicts educational attainment. The results indicate that enduring exposure to neighborhood poverty relates to educational attainment, while timing does not. For school poverty, longer exposure is related to lower attainment, but earlier exposure has a stronger impact than later exposure. Adolescents who were exposed to poverty in both contexts for the full observation period had the lowest educational attainment. The findings highlight the importance of understanding when and how long adolescents are exposed to contextual poverty.

GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
RINAT GABBAY BEN-ZIV ◽  
MOSHE HOD
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽  
Diabetes Gestational ◽  
Carbohydrate Intolerance ◽  
In Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is defined as “carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy.” The definition is applicable regardless of whether insulin is used for treatment or the condition persists after pregnancy. It does not exclude the possibility that unrecognized glucose intolerance may have antedated the pregnancy”. GDM complicates 3–15% of all pregnancies and is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as maternal long term morbidity. Of all types of diabetes, gestational diabetes (GDM) accounts for approximately 90–95% of all cases of diabetes in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Antenatal Care Experience In Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Imelda Rismayani Gampur ◽  
Herlin Fitriani Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Diabetes Gestational ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Globally, one of the increasing health problems that occur during pregnancy is gestational diabetes. The experience of women diagnosed with diabetes in pregnancy has the possibility of experiencing risks such as pre-eclampsia and polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid). Babies of mothers who experience this are also at risk for complications such as macrosomia (birth weight > 4000g). Meanwhile, the experience of women during antenatal visits who have a diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy, often feel anxious about themselves and the fetus and the risks that will occur in the future. Purpose: To review the evidence related to the experience of antenatal care in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Methods: The method used is the scoping review. created a framework, selecting article studies with Prism Flow Charts, mapping charting data and Critical Appraisal. Results: Based on 9 articles with quantitative and qualitative research types, it was found that there were 8 articles with grade A and 1 article with grade B. The tool used in the scoping review was the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Based on the articles collected, 4 themes were selected consisting of Antenatal Care (ANC), Knowledge of Pregnant Women, Gestational Impact of Diabetes, and Health Service Efforts. Conclusion: Antenatal care experiences for mothers with gestational diabetes carry a significant risk of maternal and fetal complications and a significant risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes can contribute to potential emotional imbalances during pregnancy that can trigger depressive symptoms.

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