scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of Full Scale Ventilation Events

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Savio ◽  
Sverre Steen
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
On Line ◽  
One Year

The present paper deals with propeller ventilation in full scale. The paper is based on full scale monitoring data from an offshore supply ship during normal operation. The data was collected by the on-line monitoring system HeMoS, developed by Rolls Royce Marine. The data covering one year and a half of ship operations were made available within the framework of the Era-Net Martec project PropSeas. The ventilation events are identified by means of an analysis procedure based on fuzzy logic. The paper contains both a basic introduction to fuzzy logic and a detailed description of the analysis procedure. The analysis procedure is then adopted to process the available data, find ventilation events, and form a set which is further analyzed including weather observations.

Strategies for handling of on-line information for optimising nutrient removal

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
M. K. Nielsen ◽  
T. B. Önnerth
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Continuous Systems ◽  
Information Handling ◽  
New Information ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
On Line ◽  
Control Optimisation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

Modern on-line measuring has given many new pieces of information which can reveal so far unknown details about load and process behaviour. This new information is primarily used for control optimisation purposes so that all available unused reserves in the plants during normal operation are used for improving the effluent quality and reducing operation costs. Secondly, the new on-line measurements can also be utilised for identifying the process relations as they are described in: a) software sensors, b) load characterisation and c) capacity of the actual plant. Because of the 100 times more detailed information we now get from full-scale plant operation, more fundamental development and research can be carried out based on experiments performed directly on full-scale plants and evaluations of the on-line response to identify the model structure and constant dynamics at full scale. In this way it is possible to develop new processes significantly more quickly than before the on-line information was available. To derive full profit from these improvements the following requirements must be met. a) Measurement. Before identifying the process design constants it is necessary to compensate for the load applied on the full-scale system. This detailed evaluation is often so tedious that it normally has to be performed on an off-line basis, while the data from on-line measurements are brushed and used for on-line control, consequently the new kind of tools are needed in information handling. b) The necessary excitations of the processes are always available during alternating operation. A condition for efficient control is controllability of the system; also in this respect the alternating system offers possibilities far more powerful than continuous systems. c) Third, it is necessary to develop models and strategies which make the new knowledge and control possibilities operational. The identified models, which are continuously updated, can be used for operational improvements which today give an excellent payback time for investment in on-line measurement and control systems. This is documented by introducing alternating operation which ensures the necessary information richness at plants with capacities down to below 20,000 PE. This paper discusses the key points in the recommended approach to and structure of the information handling. The efficiency is demonstrated by introducing alternating operation on a conventional recirculating plant.

Implementation of in-line infrared monitor in full-scale anaerobic digestion process

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Spanjers ◽  
J.C. Bouvier ◽  
P. Steenweg ◽  
I. Bisschops ◽  
W. van Gils ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
On Line ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Level

During start up but also during normal operation, anaerobic reactor systems should be run and monitored carefully to secure trouble-free operation, because the process is vulnerable to disturbances such as temporary overloading, biomass wash out and influent toxicity. The present method of monitoring is usually by manual sampling and subsequent laboratory analysis. Data collection, processing and feedback to system operation is manual and ad hoc, and involves high-level operator skills and attention. As a result, systems tend to be designed at relatively conservative design loading rates resulting in significant over-sizing of reactors and thus increased systems cost. It is therefore desirable to have on-line and continuous access to performance data on influent and effluent quality. Relevant variables to indicate process performance include VFA, COD, alkalinity, sulphate, and, if aerobic post-treatment is considered, total nitrogen, ammonia and nitrate. Recently, mid-IR spectrometry was demonstrated on a pilot scale to be suitable for in-line simultaneous measurement of these variables. This paper describes a full-scale application of the technique to test its ability to monitor continuously and without human intervention the above variables simultaneously in two process streams. For VFA, COD, sulphate, ammonium and TKN good agreement was obtained between in-line and manual measurements. During a period of six months the in-line measurements had to be interrupted several times because of clogging. It appeared that the sample pre-treatment unit was not able to cope with high solids concentrations all the time.

Respirometry for determination of the influents SS-concentration

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Witteborg ◽  
A. van der Last ◽  
R. Hamming ◽  
I. Hemmers
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
On Line ◽  
Large Measurement ◽  
Set Up

A method is presented for determining influent readily biodegradable substrate concentration (SS). The method is based on three different respiration rates, which can be measured with a continuous respiration meter which is operated in a cyclic way. Within the respiration meter nitrification is inhibited through the addition of ATU. Simulations were used to develop the respirometry set-up and decide upon the experimental design. The method was tested as part of a large measurement programme executed at a full-scale plant. The proposed respirometry set-up has been shown to be suitable for a semi-on-line determination of an influent SS which is fully based on the IAWQ #1 vision of the activated sludge process. The YH and the KS play a major role in the principle, and should be measured directly from the process.

Automatic buffer capacity based sensor for effluent quality monitoring

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
L. Van Vooren ◽  
P. Willems ◽  
J. P. Ottoy ◽  
G. C. Vansteenkiste ◽  
W. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Capacity Curves ◽  
On Line

The use of an automatic on-line titration unit for monitoring the effluent quality of wastewater plants is presented. Buffer capacity curves of different effluent types were studied and validation results are presented for both domestic and industrial full-scale wastewater treatment plants. Ammonium and ortho-phosphate monitoring of the effluent were established by using a simple titration device, connected to a data-interpretation unit. The use of this sensor as the activator of an effluent quality proportional sampler is discussed.

Research on On-Line Anti-Icing Technology for Carenary along Electrified Railway

2013 ◽  
Vol 676 ◽  
pp. 321-324
Author(s):  
Lei Guo ◽  
Qun Zhan Li
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Static Var Generator ◽  
On Line ◽  
Electrified Railway ◽  
The Heat Balance

Accidents of icing on catenary have great impacts on normal operation of trains. An on-line anti-icing technology used static var generator (SVG) for catenary was proposed, which can prevent icing formation without interrupting trains normal operation. The heat balance equations for catenary were solved, whose results were compared with data provided by TB/T 3111 and testing show the equation was correct. The simulation model based on Matlab was bulit , whose results and analysis show the correctness of the method.

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