scholarly journals Recent Developments in Neutrino/Antineutrino-Nucleus Interactions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge G. Morfín ◽  
Juan Nieves ◽  
Jan T. Sobczyk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Quasielastic Scattering ◽  
Current Contribution ◽  
The Status ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Nucleus Scattering ◽  
Nuclear Effects

Recent experimental results and developments in the theoretical treatment of neutrino-nucleus interactions in the energy range of 1–10 GeV are discussed. Difficulties in extracting neutrino-nucleon cross sections from neutrino-nucleus scattering data are explained and significance of understanding nuclear effects for neutrino oscillation experiments is stressed. Detailed discussions of the status of two-body current contribution in the kinematic region dominated by quasielastic scattering and specific features of partonic nuclear effects in weak DIS scattering are presented.

Theoretical Evaluation of Neutron-nucleus Scattering Parameters from Experimental Data in the 6 ≤ A ≤ 60 Mass Region

1998 ◽  
Vol 53 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 855-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aleksejevs ◽  
S. Barkanova ◽  
J. Tambergs ◽  
T. Krasta ◽  
W. Waschkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mass Region ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Matrix Formalism ◽  
Scattering Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Least Squares Fit ◽  
Optical Model Potential ◽  
Nucleus Scattering ◽  
Scattering Lengths

AbstractSystematic calculations of the neutron-nucleus scattering parameters at several neutron energies Ei < 2 keV have been performed for 37 isotopes (6Li,... 59Co) in the mass region of 6 ≤ A ≤ 60, using the large compilation of experimental neutron-nucleus scattering data obtained in Garching. In the first stage of these calculations, the s-wave potential scattering radius R’, the scattering lengths bcoh, b±, and the bound state parameters (Eb, Γγ , gΓ0n) have been calculated for each isotope, employing the general least squares fit (GLSQF) for the experimental and the corresponding theoretical values of the total neutron-nucleus cross sections σexptot(Ei) at several energies Ei, absorption cross sections σabs(Eo) and of the coherent scattering lengths bcoh. The theoretical expressions for these parameters were deduced on the basis of the usual S-matrix formalism with no assumption about the particular shape of the optical model potential. In the second stage of our calculations, the spherical Fiedeldey- Frahn optical potential was employed for the pure theoretical description or the above mentioned neutron-nucleus scattering characteristics. The results obtained have been analyzed and compared with the values deduced from measurements.

Role of inelastic couplings in the 4He + 208Pb elastic scattering in a wide energy range

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Chamon ◽  
Leandro Romero Gasques ◽  
Juan Carlos Zamora Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Optical Model ◽  
Nucleon Nucleon ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Wide Energy Range ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Wide Energy

Abstract The phenomenological strengths of the real part of the optical potential, obtained from elastic scattering data analyses within the optical model approach, present significant energy-dependence. This behavior has been associated to the intrinsic energy-dependence of the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction. However, in earlier works, we proposed that at least part of this dependence can arise from the effect of couplings to inelastic states of the nuclei. In order to deepen this study, in this paper we present extensive data analyses for the elastic scattering and inelastic excitation of 111 states of 208Pb, for the 4He + 208Pb system in a wide energy range. With the purpose of comparison, the theoretical cross sections are obtained in different approaches for the imaginary part of the potential, and within both contexts: optical model (distorted wave Born approximation) and coupled-channel calculations.

BACKWARD ANGLE STRUCTURE IN THE 20Ne+28Si QUASIELASTIC SCATTERING

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350073 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. SGOUROS ◽  
V. SOUKERAS ◽  
A. PAKOU ◽  
N. PATRONIS ◽  
K. ZERVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Quasielastic Scattering ◽  
Particle Form ◽  
Reaction Channels ◽  
Reasonable Description ◽  
Optical Model Analysis ◽  
Backward Angle

New data for the quasielastic scattering of 20 Ne from a 28 Si target at incident energies of 42.5 MeV and 52.3 MeV and for the 28 Si (20 Ne , 24 Mg )24 Mg , 28 Si (20 Ne , 16 O )32S and 28 Si (20 Ne , 12 C )36 Ar transfer reactions at 52.3 MeV are reported. Oscillations are observed in the backward angle quasielastic scattering data at 52.3 MeV and the 28 Si (20 Ne , 12 C )36 Ar transfer cross-sections are of the same magnitude as those for single-α stripping. Coupled reaction channels (CRC) calculations are unable to describe either the quasielastic or the 28 Si (20 Ne , 12 C )36 Ar transfer data assuming a sequential α transfer process with α-particle form factors from the literature. The addition of direct 8 Be cluster transfer can provide a reasonable description of both data sets, but only with much larger spectroscopic factors than suggested by simple structure calculations or the large 8 Be emission thresholds of 20 Ne , 28 Si and 36 Ar , suggesting that the observed structure is of resonance-like origin. An optical model analysis of the quasielastic scattering data is also reported.

scholarly journals TESTING 6,8He DENSITY DISTRIBUTIONS BY CALCULATIONS OF TOTAL REACTION CROSS-SECTIONS OF 6,8He+28Si

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 573-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. LUKYANOV ◽  
E. V. ZEMLYANAYA ◽  
S. E. MASSEN ◽  
Ch. C. MOUSTAKIDIS ◽  
A. N. ANTONOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Total Reaction ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Intermediate Energies ◽  
Limit Model ◽  
Optical Limit ◽  
Nucleus Scattering ◽  
Reaction Cross Sections

Calculations of the 6,8 He +28 Si total reaction cross-sections at intermediate energies are performed on the basis of the Glauber–Sitenko microscopic optical-limit model. The target-nucleus density distribution is taken from the electron-nucleus scattering data, and the 6,8 He densities are used as they are derived in different models. The results of the calculations are compared with existing experimental data. The effects of the density tails of the projectile nuclei as well as the role of shell admixtures and short-range correlations are analyzed.

Confronting electron and neutrino–nucleus interactions: Can the axial mass anomaly be resolved?

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 1430005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Benhar
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Target Nucleus ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Final States ◽  
Neutrino Interactions ◽  
Axial Mass ◽  
Nucleus Scattering

Comparison between electron– and neutrino–nucleus scattering data suggests that the so-called axial mass anomaly — i.e., the large disagreement between the value of the nucleon axial mass extracted from the analysis of neutrino interactions with carbon and oxygen and that obtained from deuteron data — is a manifestation of the difficulties in the interpretation of the flux averaged neutrino cross-sections. In this short review, I discuss the role of reaction mechanisms leading to the excitation of two particle–two hole final states of the target nucleus, which are believed to be responsible for the observed excess of quasielastic events, and argue that taking into account their effect may help to reconcile the sizeably different values of the axial mass reported by the MiniBooNe and NOMAD Collaborations.

L X-RAY FLUORESCENCE CROSS-SECTIONS MEASUREMENTS FOR ELEMENTS 56≤Z≤66 IN THE ENERGY RANGE 11-41 keV

1987 ◽  
Vol 48 (C9) ◽  
pp. C8-669-C8-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. SINGH ◽  
S. KUMAR ◽  
D. MEHTA ◽  
M. L. GARG ◽  
N. SINGH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
X Ray

Recycling and Reuse in the Roman Economy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Roman Economy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
First Time ◽  
Site Types

The recycling and reuse of materials and objects were extensive in the past, but have rarely been embedded into models of the economy; even more rarely has any attempt been made to assess the scale of these practices. Recent developments, including the use of large datasets, computational modelling, and high-resolution analytical chemistry, are increasingly offering the means to reconstruct recycling and reuse, and even to approach the thorny matter of quantification. Growing scholarly interest in the topic has also led to an increasing recognition of these practices from those employing more traditional methodological approaches, which are sometimes coupled with innovative archaeological theory. Thanks to these efforts, it has been possible for the first time in this volume to draw together archaeological case studies on the recycling and reuse of a wide range of materials, from papyri and textiles, to amphorae, metals and glass, building materials and statuary. Recycling and reuse occur at a range of site types, and often in contexts which cross-cut material categories, or move from one object category to another. The volume focuses principally on the Roman Imperial and late antique world, over a broad geographical span ranging from Britain to North Africa and the East Mediterranean. Last, but not least, the volume is unique in focusing upon these activities as a part of the status quo, and not just as a response to crisis.

scholarly journals Charmed and bottomed hadronic cross sections from a statistical model

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Balassa ◽  
György Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Heavy Quarks ◽  
Open Charm ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Final State ◽  
Proton Antiproton ◽  
Proton Proton

Abstract In this work, we extended our statistical model with charmed and bottomed hadrons, and fit the quark creational probabilities for the heavy quarks, using low energy inclusive charmonium and bottomonium data. With the finalized fit for all the relevant types of quarks (up, down, strange, charm, bottom) at the energy range from a few GeV up to a few tens of GeV’s, the model is now considered complete. Some examples are also given for proton–proton, pion–proton, and proton–antiproton collisions with charmonium, bottomonium, and open charm hadrons in the final state.

scholarly journals Elastic Electron Scattering from Methane Molecule in the Energy Range from 50–300 eV

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Jelena Vukalović ◽  
Jelena B. Maljković ◽  
Karoly Tökési ◽  
Branko Predojević ◽  
Bratislav P. Marinković
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Methane Molecule ◽  
Edge Plasma ◽  
Electron Interaction ◽  
Outer Planet ◽  
Elastic Electron

Electron interaction with methane molecule and accurate determination of its elastic cross-section is a demanding task for both experimental and theoretical standpoints and relevant for our better understanding of the processes in Earth’s and Solar outer planet atmospheres, the greenhouse effect or in plasma physics applications like vapor deposition, complex plasma-wall interactions and edge plasma regions of Tokamak. Methane can serve as a test molecule for advancing novel electron-molecule collision theories. We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the elastic electron differential cross-section from methane molecule, as well as integral and momentum transfer cross-sections in the intermediate energy range (50–300 eV). The experimental setup, based on a crossed beam technique, comprising of an electron gun, a single capillary gas needle and detection system with a channeltron is used in the measurements. The absolute values for cross-sections are obtained by relative-flow method, using argon as a reference. Theoretical results are acquired using two approximations: simple sum of individual atomic cross-sections and the other with molecular effect taken into the account.

System-wide seismic vulnerability of aging multiple-span multiple-girder bridges in low-to-moderate seismic hazard regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1626-1651
Author(s):  
John E Lens M.EERI ◽  
Mandar M Dewoolkar ◽  
Eric M Hernandez M.EERI
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Time History ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Database ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
The Status

This article describes the approach, methods, and findings of a quantitative analysis of the seismic vulnerability in low-to-moderate seismic hazard regions of the Central and Eastern United States for system-wide assessment of typical multiple span bridges built in the 1950s through the 1960s. There is no national database on the status of seismic vulnerability of bridges, and thus no means to estimate the system-wide damage and retrofit costs for bridges. The study involved 380 nonlinear analyses using actual time-history records matched to four representative low-to-medium hazard target spectra corresponding with peak ground accelerations from approximately 0.06 to 0.3 g. Ground motions were obtained from soft and stiff site seismic classification locations and applied to models of four typical multiple-girder with concrete bent bridges. Multiple-girder bridges are the largest single category, comprising 55% of all multiple span bridges in the United States. Aging and deterioration effects were accounted for using reduced cross-sections representing fully spalled conditions and compared with pristine condition results. The research results indicate that there is an overall low likelihood of significant seismic damage to these typical bridges in such regions, with the caveat that certain bridge features such as more extensive deterioration, large skews, and varied bent heights require bridge-specific analysis. The analysis also excludes potential damage resulting from liquefaction, flow-spreading, or abutment slumping due to weak foundation or abutment soils.

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