scholarly journals NAFLD, Estrogens, and Physical Exercise: The Animal Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Lavoie ◽  
Abdolnaser Pighon
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Nonalcoholic Hepatic Steatosis

One segment of the population that is particularly inclined to liver fat accumulation is postmenopausal women. Although nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis is more common in men than in women, after menopause there is a reversal in gender distribution. At the present time, weight loss and exercise are regarded as first line treatments for NAFLD in postmenopausal women, as it is the case for the management of metabolic syndrome. In recent years, there has been substantial evidence coming mostly from the use of the animal model, that indeed estrogens withdrawal is associated with modifications of molecular markers favouring the activity of metabolic pathways ultimately leading to liver fat accumulation. In addition, the use of the animal model has provided physiological and molecular evidence that exercise training provides estrogens-like protective effects on liver fat accumulation and its consequences. The purpose of the present paper is to present information relative to the development of a state of NAFLD resulting from the absence of estrogens and the role of exercise training, emphasizing on the contribution of the animal model on these issues.

scholarly journals Effects of Exercise Training on Molecular Markers of Lipogenesis and Lipid Partitioning in Fructose-Induced Liver Fat Accumulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siham Yasari ◽  
Denis Prud'homme ◽  
Frédérique Tesson ◽  
Marek Jankowski ◽  
Jolanta Gutkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
The Impact

The present study was designed to investigate the impact of exercise training on lipogenic gene expression in liver and lipid partitioning following the ingestion of a high fructose load. Female rats were exercise-trained for 8 wk or kept sedentary before being submitted to a fasting/refeeding protocol. Rats were further subdivided as follow: rats were fasted for 24 h, refed a standard diet for 24 h, starved for another 24 h, and refed with a standard or a high-fructose diet 24 h before sacrifice. Fructose refeeding was associated with an increase in hepatic lipid content, endocannabinoid receptor 1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein1c, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase1 gene expression in both Sed and TR rats. However, desaturation indexes measured in liver (C16 : 1/C16 : 0 and C18 : 1/C18 : 0) and plasma (C18 : 1/C18 : 0) were higher (P<0.01) in TR than in Sed rats following fructose refeeding. It is concluded that exercise training does not significantly affect fat accumulation and the molecular expression of genes involved in lipogenesis after fasting and fructose refeeding but does modify the partitioning of lipids so as to provide more unsaturated fatty acids in liver without affecting liver fat content.

scholarly journals Effects of voluntary exercise training on liver fat accumulation - Measurement of over time CT imaging -

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saki Yoshimura ◽  
Yuki Tomiga ◽  
Shihoko Nakashima ◽  
Ai Ito ◽  
Shotaro Kawakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Role of Ghrelin in Postmenopausal obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla ◽  
Ravindran Jegasothy
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Postmenopausal Obesity ◽  
Health Complications

Objectives: Obesity is considered a worldwide important health problem with continuously increasing prevalence, particularly among postmenopausal women. Weight gain is one of the major concerns of menopause. Understanding the contributing factors to postmenopausal obesity helps to reduce its incidence and thus its associated health complications. The present study aimed to review the role of ghrelin in mediating postmenopausal obesity. Methods: A literature review was done to understand the possible association between ghrelin levels and obesity in postmenopausal women. Results: It was found that the lack of estrogen during menopause increases the serum ghrelin level. In addition, the results revealed that ghrelin stimulates appetite, changes food preference, and causes an accumulation of visceral fat resulting in weight gain. On the other hand, ghrelin was found to have many protective effects as an anti-inflammatory and a neuroprotective agent. Conclusions: In general, the ghrelin hormone is a double-edged sword as it mediates the increase of body weight in postmenopausal women. More importantly, it plays a considerable role in protecting postmenopausal women from cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The selective blockage of appetite-stimulating and metabolic effects of ghrelin may be of a potential prophylactic or therapeutic effect for postmenopausal overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Genistein Modulated Lipid Metabolism, Hepatic PPARγ, and Adiponectin Expression in Bilateral Ovariectomized Rats with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Sudaporn Pummoung ◽  
Duangporn Werawatganon ◽  
Maneerat Chayanupatkul ◽  
Naruemon Klaikeaw ◽  
Prasong Siriviriyakul
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hepatocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Ovx Rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of genistein on lipid accumulation and apoptosis in estrogen deficient rats with NASH. Female Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 48) were divided into ovariectomized (OVX) and non-OVX groups. Each group was then sub-divided into 3 subgroups; control, NASH (rats fed with a high-fat, high-fructose (HFHF) diet), and NASH+Gen (rats fed with HFHF diet plus daily genistein at 16 mg/kg BW). Results showed that HFHF diet induced liver fat accumulation in both non-OVX and OVX rats, which was evidenced by hepatic steatosis on liver pathology and increased hepatic free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride levels. Hepatic fat accumulation was significantly more severe in NASH rats with OVX than non-OVX. Hepatocyte apoptosis was more severe in NASH groups compared with that in control groups. Genistein administration significantly improved histopathology of NASH in both non-OVX and OVX rats and attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and hepatocyte apoptosis. Genistein also down-regulated PPARγ and up-regulated adiponectin expression. In summary, NASH could be worsened by estrogen deficiency, indicating the protective action of estrogen on NASH. Genistein administration alleviated hepatic steatosis and apoptosis through the down-regulation of PPARγ and up-regulation of adiponectin expression.

Fall prevention in postmenopausal women: the role of Pilates exercise training

Climacteric ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hita-Contreras ◽  
A. Martínez-Amat ◽  
D. Cruz-Díaz ◽  
F. R. Pérez-López
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Fall Prevention

Plasma Levels of Protein S, Protein C, and Factor X: Effects of Sex, Hormonal State and Age

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (05) ◽  
pp. 1271-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M A Henkens ◽  
V J J Bom ◽  
W van der Schaaf ◽  
P M Pelsma ◽  
C Th Smit Sibinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Protein S ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Normal Ranges

SummaryWe measured total and free protein S (PS), protein C (PC) and factor X (FX) in 393 healthy blood donors to assess differences in relation to sex, hormonal state and age. All measured proteins were lower in women as compared to men, as were levels in premenopausal women as compared to postmenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that both age and subgroup (men, pre- and postmenopausal women) were of significance for the levels of total and free PS and PC, the subgroup effect being caused by the differences between the premenopausal women and the other groups. This indicates a role of sex-hormones, most likely estrogens, in the regulation of levels of pro- and anticoagulant factors under physiologic conditions. These differences should be taken into account in daily clinical practice and may necessitate different normal ranges for men, pre- and postmenopausal women.

The role of orexin A in pathophysiological mechanisms of sleep disorder in postmenopausal women

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Zukhra Kh. Ebzieva ◽  
Svetlana V. Yureneva ◽  
Tatiana Yu. Ivanets
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vasomotor Symptoms ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Orexin A ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of serum orexin A levels in women of different age periods with and without sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms. To evaluate the dynamics of orexin A levels under menopausal hormone therapy. Materials and methods. The study included 50 postmenopausal women and 30 women of reproductive age with a regular menstrual cycle. Using block randomization, patients are divided into 3 groups: group 1 (main group), n=25, -STRAW+ 10 (+1b and +1c), patients with sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms; group 2 (comparison group), n=25, STRAW+ 10 (+1b and +1c), patients with vasomotor symptoms without sleep disorder; group 3 (control group), n=30, STRAW+ 10 (-4), women of reproductive age without sleep disorder. Group 1 patients were given menopausal hormone therapy. A comparative analysis was carried out using the questionnaire for assessing menopausal symptoms severity by the Greene Scale (the Greene Climacteric Scale) and Rating Scale for subjective sleep characteristics. After 12 weeks of treatment, a control examination was performed. Results. In group 1 women, the serum orexin A levels were significantly higher compared to the women without the symptoms. The link between the orexin A levels and menopause syndrome severity was established. A significant decrease in the menopausal symptoms severity after 12 weeks of menopausal hormone therapy was shown. It was accompanied by a 1,3-fold decrease in orexin A levels. Conclusions. The obtained data indicate the possible role of orexin A and the orexin neuropeptide system in the pathogenesis of sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document