scholarly journals Effect of Vocal Nerve Section on Song and ZENK Protein Expression in Area X in Adult Male Zebra Finches

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congshu Liao ◽  
Dongfeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zebra Finches ◽  
Nerve Section ◽  
Singing Behavior ◽  
Temporal Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Area X ◽  
The Relationship

ZENK expression in vocal nuclei is associated with singing behavior. Area X is an important nucleus for learning and stabilizing birdsong. ZENK expression is higher in Area X compared to that in other vocal nuclei when birds are singing. To reveal the relationship between the ZENK expression in Area X and song crystallization, immunohistochemistry was used to detect ZENK protein expression in Area X after the unilateral vocal nerve (tracheosyringeal nerve) section in adult male zebra finches. Sham operations had no effect on song. In contrast, section of unilateral vocal nerve could induce song decrystallization at the 7th day after the surgery. The spectral and the temporal features of birdsong were distorted more significantly in the right-side vocal nerve section than in the left-side vocal nerve section. In addition, after surgery, ZENK expression was higher in the right-side of Area X than in the left-side. These results indicate that the vocal nerve innervations probably are right-side dominant. ZENK expression in both sides of Area X decreased, as compared to control group after surgery, which suggests that the ZENK expression in Area X is related to birdsong crystallization, and that there is cooperation between the Area X in AFP and syrinx nerve.

Characterizing ventricular mechanics and energetics following repeated coronary microembolization

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. H186-H194 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Todaka ◽  
D. Leibowitz ◽  
S. Homma ◽  
P. E. Fisher ◽  
C. Derosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Myocardial Mechanics ◽  
Ventricular Mechanics ◽  
Volume Relation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Important Characterization ◽  
The Relationship

Myocardial mechanics and energetics were investigated in an animal model of moderate chronic heart failure (CHF) created by repeated coronary microembolizations in six dogs. The final fractional area change was 34 +/- 4%. Hearts of these animals were isolated and cross-perfused, and balloons were placed in the left ventricle (LV). Chamber contractile state was markedly depressed in embolized hearts as assessed by the slope (Ees 2.74 +/- 0.49 vs. 4.00 +/- 1.18 mmHg/ml, P < 0.01) and volume axis intercept (V: 8.7 +/- 5.9 vs. 1.0 +/- 3.2 ml, P < 0.01) of end-systolic pressure-volume relation compared with a group of six normal dogs. The end-diastolic pressure-volume relation of embolized hearts was shifted to the right, indicating a dilation of the LV. However, systolic and diastolic stress strain relationships were similar in the two groups, suggesting that the average myocardial properties of the embolized hearts are similar to those of normal hearts. The relationship between oxygen consumption and pressure-volume area in embolized hearts had smaller intercept (2.98 +/- 0.44 vs 3.92 +/- 0.39 x 10(-2) ml O2.beat-1.100 g LV-1, P < 0.01) compared with the control group, with no change in the slope. These results contrast with previous findings in pacing CHF and serve as an important characterization of ventricular properties in this model of CHF from different etiology.

Expression of scrum CYR61 mRNA and protein in patients with tibial fracture and its relationship with prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 6410-6414
Author(s):  
Meifang Dou ◽  
Yanbin Li ◽  
Panpan Liu ◽  
Li'an Yi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Tibial Fracture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fracture Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healing Group

Objective: To explore the relationship between the expression of serum CYR61 mRNA and protein and prognosis in patients with tibial fracture. Methods: Eighty-six patients with tibiofibular fractures (fracture group) admitted to Xi'an Central Hospital from July 2016 to July 2018 and 84 healthy controls (control group) who underwent physical examination in our hospital were selected as the study subjects. The imaging healing score (RUST) and prognosis were divided into two subgroups, 74 in the normal healing group and 10 in the abnormal healing group. The serum CYR61 mRNA and protein expression levels were compared and the relationship between serum CYR61 mRNA and protein expression levels and fracture prognosis was analyzed. Result: The relative expression levels of CYR61 mRNA and protein in the normal healing group were (2.35±0.49) and (0.33±0.10), respectively (2.0210.29) and (0.23±0.07) in the abnormal healing group and 1.8810.37 in the control group.), (0.26±0.06), the difference between the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the serum CYR61 mRNA and CYR61 protein in the normal healing group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05), and the serum CYR61 mRNA in the abnormal healing group. CYR61 protein was significantly lower than the normal healing group (P<0.05). The RUST of the normal healing group was (11.3511.51), which was higher than that of the abnormal healing group (7.1710.95), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Serum CYR61 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly positively correlated with prognosis (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of serum CYR61 mRNA and protein were 0.735 and 0.778, respectively, and the Cut-off values were 2.363 and 0.338, respectively. The sensitivities were 60.80% and 54.10%, respectively, and the specificities were 80.00% and 90.00%, respectively. They were 0.408 and 0.441, respectively, thus indicating that serum CYR61 mRNA and protein expression levels have predictive value for prognosis. Conclusion: The higher the mRNA and protein expression levels of serum CYR61 in early stage, the better the prognosis of fracture healing in patients with tibiofibular fractures. To a certain extent, serum CYR61 can be used as a reference for predicting the prognosis of tibiofibular fractures.

scholarly journals Effects of Spontaneous Neural Activity during Learning Football Juggling—A Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4079
Author(s):  
Dandan Chen ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Sebastian Klich ◽  
Lina Zhu ◽  
Xiaoxiao Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spontaneous Neural Activity ◽  
Motion Learning ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

To establish the characteristics of spontaneous neural activity during learning football juggling. We used fMRI to see which parts of the brain were changed by learning football juggling. Through recruitment, 111 college students (37 females and 74 males) were selected and randomly divided into football juggling (FJ) (n = 68, 23 females and 45 males) and a control group (CON) (n = 43, 14 females and 29 males). The FJ group learned football juggling 70 times, while CON had regular study sessions at the same time. Static functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure the dynamic changes of spontaneous nerve activity during learning football juggling. The result shows that the ALFF value in the right cerebellum 8 area was significantly higher than that before the 70 times of learning football juggling. The present study provides initial evidence that learning football juggling 70 times effectively increased the level of spontaneous neural activity in the cerebellum region. These promising findings provide new evidence to fully reveal the relationship between motion learning and brain plasticity.

scholarly journals Effects of unilateral or bilateral superior ovarian nerve section in infantile rats on follicular growth

2000 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Moran ◽  
L Morales ◽  
U Quiroz ◽  
R Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Nerve Section ◽  
Superior Ovarian Nerve ◽  
The Right

We report the effects that sectioning the superior ovarian nerve of infantile female rats has on their follicular development at different ages before puberty. Compared with the control group, sham-operated animals showed a significant decrease in the number of measured follicles in right and left ovaries, although no difference in the follicular atresia ratio was observed. Animals with a sectioned left superior ovarian nerve (SON), killed 12 days after surgery had a significant increase in the number of follicles in the ovaries. Most of the follicles were atretic. Sectioning the right SON induced contrasting effects in the ovaries of animals killed 4 and 16 days after surgery. Rats with a denervated (right) ovary showed a decrease in the number of follicles and a greater number of atretic follicles compared with the control group, whereas the innervated (left) ovary showed an increase in measured follicles compared with the control group. Bilateral sectioning had no apparent effect on the total number of follicles measured, although an increased number of atretic follicles in both ovaries was observed. Animals with a unilateral section of the SON, killed 8 and 12 days after surgery, showed a decrease in serum concentrations of estradiol. In turn, animals killed 16 days after surgery showed a significant increase in estradiol and a decrease in the progesterone serum concentration. These results suggest that sympathetic innervation of the ovary via the SON has a stimulatory role in the regulation and differentiation of follicular growth.

scholarly journals Prenatal oestrogen-testosterone balance as a risk factor of migraine in adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kobus ◽  
Aneta Sitek ◽  
Bogusław Antoszewski ◽  
Jacek Rożniecki ◽  
Jacek Pełka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Prenatal Development ◽  
Digit Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fourth Digit ◽  
Oestrogen Level ◽  
Prenatal Androgens ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Migraine is a common neurological disease with extremely debilitating, but fully reversible symptoms. Women suffer from migraine more often than men. It was assumed that fluctuation of oestrogen level during menstrual cycle is one of many factors responsible for more frequent migraine attacks. The second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is considered as an indicator of prenatal sex steroids. Balance of prenatal androgens (testosterone) and oestrogen has been studied in numerous diseases that are affected by hormones. However, the relationship between migraine and the sex steroids balance in prenatal development is still unexplained. The aim of this paper is to provide an evidence of relationship between prenatal oestrogen and testosterone exposure following 2D:4D digit ratio, and migraine prevalence in adults. Methods We examined a group of 151 adults (33 males, 118 females) with migraine and a control group of 111 adults (45 males, 66 females). 2D:4D digit ratio of both hands was measured using sliding Vernier calliper. Results Significant differences were found in the right hand. Female migraineurs had lower value of 2D:4D ratio than the control group and the right 2D:4D was lower than left 2D:4D (Δ2D:4D), suggesting prenatal testosterone dominance. The opposite relationship was observed in males. Male migraineurs had higher value of 2D:4D ratio and Δ2D:4D was greater than the control group, suggesting prenatal oestrogen dominance. Conclusions Our results suggest that depending on sex, different proportion of prenatal sex steroids might be a risk factor of migraine in adults. Women with migraine were presumably exposed in prenatal life to higher testosterone levels relative to oestrogen, while men with migraine were probably exposed in prenatal life to higher levels of oestrogen relative to testosterone.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Uncinate Fasciculus and Cingulum in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Diffusion Tensor Tractography Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan-Hyuk Park ◽  
Su-Hong Kim ◽  
Han-Young Jung
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Tractography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Uncinate Fasciculus ◽  
Neuropsychological Screening ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Many studies have examined the relationship between cognition, and the cingulum and uncinate fasciculus (UF). In this study, diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) was used to investigate the correlation between fractional-anisotropy (FA) values and the number of fibers in the cingulum and UF in patients with and without cognitive impairment. The correlation between cognitive function, and the cingulum and UF was also investigated. Thirty patients (14 males, age = 70.68 ± 7.99 years) were divided into a control group (n = 14) and mild-cognitive-impairment (MCI) group (n = 16). The Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) and DTT were performed to assess cognition and bilateral tracts of the cingulum and UF. The relationship between SNSB values and the cingulum and UF was analyzed. The number of fibers in the right cingulum and right UF were significantly different between the two groups. The MCI group showed thinner tracts in both the cingulum and UF compared to the control group. A significant relationship was found between the number of fibers in the right UF and delayed memory recall. In conclusion, memory loss in MCI was associated with a decreased number of fibers in the right UF, while language and visuospatial function were related to the number of fibers in the right cingulum.

Religious Experience and Clinical-EEG Aspects in Adult People with Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
pp. 155005942110504
Author(s):  
Gloria M. A. S. Tedrus ◽  
Letícia M. Vargas ◽  
Karen G. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Daily Spiritual Experiences ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Spirituality and religiosity are complex cognitive phenomena; however, the relationship between spiritual experiences and epilepsy continues to be debated. Methods. Data from the daily spiritual experience scale (DSES) were related to EEG data and clinical variables of 100 adult people with epilepsy (PWEs). DSES scores were compared to 51 normal individuals (control group [CG]), with a significance level of P < .05. Results. The total score in the DSES was 36.1 ± 14 and 37.6 ± 13.2, respectively, in the PWEs and in the CG. In the PWEs, there was a correlation between DSES and age (Pearson's correlation; −0.22; P = .027) and educational level (0.207; P = .039). PWEs with ≥one seizure/month have a lower frequency of daily spiritual experiences than those with better controlled seizures ( T-test; 39.2 ± 16.2 vs 31.7 ± 7.6; P = .038). EEG epileptiform activity (EA) in the right hemisphere was associated with a higher frequency of spiritual experiences than those with left-hemisphere EA (29.8 ± 9.0 vs 38.5 ± 17.5; P = .010). Conclusion. Demographic aspects, EA in the right hemisphere, and lower seizure frequency are associated with daily spiritual experiences in epilepsy, suggesting an association between aspects of spirituality, epilepsy, and neurobiological correlates.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Anterior Chamber Angle and Intraocular Pressure Early after V4c Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zongli Hu ◽  
Chunlin Chen ◽  
Min Sun ◽  
Rongdi Yuan ◽  
Jian Ye
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anterior Chamber Angle ◽  
Implantable Collamer Lens ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chamber Angle

Purpose. To confirm the relationship between anterior chamber angle (ACA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) early after V4c implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation. Methods. Patients were assigned to two groups: (1) right eyes (control group) and (2) left eyes (experimental group), with miosis conducted immediately after ICL implantation in the left eyes. IOP, angle opening distance (AOD), trabecular-iris angle (TIA), and pupil diameter (PD) were compared between two groups at postoperative hours 1, 2, and 24. The relationship between ACA, PD, and IOP was analyzed by multiple linear regression. Result. Thirty-six eyes of 18 patients were enrolled. The prevalence of ocular hypertension (OHT, defined as IOP ≥ 21 mmHg) was 61.11% and 16.67% in the right and left eyes, respectively, (χ2 = 7.481, p=0.006). At postoperative hours 1 and 2, IOP and PD were significantly higher p<0.001 in the right eyes, and TIA and AOD were significantly lower p<0.05 in the right eyes than in the left eyes. There was no significant difference at 24 h postoperative in these parameters. After the right eye ICL implantation, the changes of AOD 500 and PD were both linearly correlated with postoperative IOP change (β = −23.707 and 1.731, respectively; p = 0.013 and 0.002, respectively). Conclusion. The ACA was significantly narrowed immediately after V4c ICL implantation. There was a negative linear correlation between ACA and early IOP and a positive linear correlation between PD and early IOP. We recommend the use of intracameral miotics immediately after V4c ICL implantation to reduce the incidence of IOP spikes.

Adolescents’ self-mutilation - Relationship with dependent behaviour

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bolognini ◽  
B. Plancherel ◽  
J. Laget ◽  
P. Stéphan ◽  
O. Halfon
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Partial Overlap ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study, which was carried out in the French-speacking part of Switzerland, was to examine the relationship between suicide attempts and self-mutilation by adolescents and young adults. The population, aged 14-25 years (N = 308), included a clinical sample of dependent subjects (drug abuse and eating disorders) compared to a control sample. On the basis of the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview ( Sheehan et al., 1998 ), DSM-IV criteria were used for the inclusion of the clinical population. The results concerning the occurrence of suicide attempts as well as on self-mutilation confirm most of the hypotheses postulated: suicidal attempts and self-mutilation were more common in the clinical group compared to the control group, and there was a correlation between suicide attempts and self-mutilation. However, there was only a partial overlap, attesting that suicide and self-harm might correspond to two different types of behaviour.

Correlation of Metabolic Risk Factors with Sessile Serrated Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Melania Macarie ◽  
Simona Bataga ◽  
Simona Mocan ◽  
Monica Pantea ◽  
Razvan Opaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background and Aims: The importance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma has been recently established. These are supposed to cause the so-called “interval cancer”, having a rapidly progressive growth and being difficult to detect and to obtain an endoscopic complete resection. We aimed to establish the most important metabolic risk factors for sessile serrated lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study, on a series of 2918 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu-Mureș, Romania between 1 st of January 2015-31 th of December 2017. In order to evaluate the metabolic risk factors for polyps’ development, enrolled participants were stratified in two groups, a study group, 33 patients with SSLs lesions, and a control group, 138 patients with adenomatous polyps, selected by systematic sampling for age and anatomical site. Independent variables investigated were: gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic liver disease. Results: For SSLs the most common encountered localization was the right colon in 30.55% of cases. By comparative bivariate analysis between SSLs group and control group, it was observed that hypertension (p=0.03, OR 2.33, 95 %CI 1.03-5.24), obesity (p=0.03, OR 2.61, 95 %CI 1.08-6.30), hyperuricemia (p=0.04, OR 2.72, 95 %CI 1.28-7.55), high cholesterol (p=0.002, OR 3.42; 95 %CI 1.48-7.87), and high triglycerides level (p=0.0006, OR 5.75; 95 %CI 1.92-17.2) were statistically associated with SSLs development. By multivariate analysis hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia retained statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study showed that the highest prevalence of SSLs was in the right colon and hypertension and increased triglycerides levels were associated with the risk of SSLs development. These risk factors are easy to detect in clinical practice and may help identifying groups with high risk for colorectal cancer, where screening is recommended.

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