scholarly journals Pulsar-Driven Jets in Supernovae, Gamma-Ray Bursts, and the Universe

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
John Middleditch
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
First Stars ◽  
Ss 433 ◽  
Circumstellar Material ◽  
Distant Galaxies ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
X Ray Binaries

The bipolarity of Supernova 1987A can be understood through its very early light curve from the CTIO 0.4 m telescope and IUE FES and following speckle observations of the “Mystery Spot”. These indicate a beam/jet of light/particles, with initial collimation factors >104and velocities >0.95 c, involving up to 10−5 M⊙interacting with circumstellar material. These can be produced by a model of pulsar emission from polarization currents induced/(modulated faster than c) beyond the pulsar light cylinder by the periodic electromagnetic field (supraluminally induced polarization currents (SLIP)). SLIP accounts for the disruption of supernova progenitors and their anomalous dimming at cosmological distances, jets from Sco X-1 and SS 433, the lack/presence of pulsations from the high-/low-luminosity low-mass X-ray binaries, and long/short gamma-ray bursts, and it predicts that their afterglows are thepulsedoptical-/near-infrared emission associated with these pulsars. SLIP may also account for the TeV e+/e−results from PAMELA and ATIC, the WMAP “Haze”/Fermi “Bubbles,” and ther-process. SLIP jets from SNe of the first stars may allow galaxies to form without dark matter and explain the peculiar nongravitational motions between pairs of distant galaxies observed by GALEX.

Low-mass x-ray binaries and gamma-ray bursts

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lasota ◽  
J. Frank ◽  
A. R. King
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
X Ray Binaries

scholarly journals STUDY OF GAMMA-RAY AND NEAR-INFRARED EMISSION OF GAMMA-RAY-LOUD BLAZARS OBJECT

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
ZHANG XIONG ◽  
XIE GUANG-ZHONG ◽  
ZHAO GANG ◽  
MA LI ◽  
YI JI-DONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Near Infrared Emission

scholarly journals Astrophysical implications of neutron star inspiral and coalescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2041015
Author(s):  
John L. Friedman ◽  
Nikolaos Stergioulas
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Star ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Maximum Mass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Heaviest Elements ◽  
X Ray Binaries

The first inspiral of two neutron stars observed in gravitational waves was remarkably close, allowing the kind of simultaneous gravitational wave and electromagnetic observation that had not been expected for several years. Their merger, followed by a gamma-ray burst and a kilonova, was observed across the spectral bands of electromagnetic telescopes. These GW and electromagnetic observations have led to dramatic advances in understanding short gamma-ray bursts; determining the origin of the heaviest elements; and determining the maximum mass of neutron stars. From the imprint of tides on the gravitational waveforms and from observations of X-ray binaries, one can extract the radius and deformability of inspiraling neutron stars. Together, the radius, maximum mass, and causality constrain the neutron-star equation of state, and future constraints can come from observations of post-merger oscillations. We selectively review these results, filling in some of the physics with derivations and estimates.

scholarly journals The case for a high-redshift origin of GRB 100205A

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (1) ◽  
pp. 902-909
Author(s):  
A A Chrimes ◽  
A J Levan ◽  
E R Stanway ◽  
E Berger ◽  
J S Bloom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Galaxy Evolution ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Time Limits

Abstract The number of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) known to have occurred in the distant Universe (z > 5) is small (∼15); however, these events provide a powerful way of probing star formation at the onset of galaxy evolution. In this paper, we present the case for GRB 100205A being a largely overlooked high-redshift event. While initially noted as a high-z candidate, this event and its host galaxy have not been explored in detail. By combining optical and near-infrared Gemini afterglow imaging (at t < 1.3 d since burst) with deep late-time limits on host emission from the Hubble Space Telescope, we show that the most likely scenario is that GRB 100205A arose in the range 4 < z < 8. GRB 100205A is an example of a burst whose afterglow, even at ∼1 h post burst, could only be identified by 8-m class IR observations, and suggests that such observations of all optically dark bursts may be necessary to significantly enhance the number of high-redshift GRBs known.

scholarly journals The Swift satellite lives up to its name, revealing cosmic explosions as they happen

2008 ◽  
Vol 366 (1884) ◽  
pp. 4393-4404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhaana L.C Starling
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Massive Stars ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Distant Galaxies ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Cosmic Explosions ◽  
The Universe

Gamma-ray bursts are the most powerful objects in the Universe. Discovered in the 1960s as brief flashes of gamma radiation, we now know that they emit across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, are located in distant galaxies and comprise two distinct populations, one of which may originate in the deaths of massive stars. The launch of the Swift satellite in 2004 brought a flurry of new discoveries, advancing our understanding of these sources and the galaxies that host them. I highlight a number of important results from the Swift era thus far.

scholarly journals The Surroundings of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Constraints on Progenitors

2005 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 441-450
Author(s):  
Roger A. Chevalier
Keyword(s):  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Massive Star ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Uniform Density ◽  
Stellar Winds ◽  
Wind Environment ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Pulsar Wind

SummaryThe association of a supernova with a gamma-ray burst (GRB 030329) implies a massive star progenitor, which is expected to have an environment formed by pre-burst stellar winds. Although some sources are consistent with the expected wind environment, many are not, being better fit by a uniform density environment. One possibility is that this is a shocked wind, close to the burst because of a high interstellar pressure and a low mass loss density. Alternatively, there is more than one kind of burst progenitor, some of which interact directly with the interstellar medium. Another proposed environment is a pulsar wind bubble that has expanded inside a supernova, which requires that the supernova precede the burst.

scholarly journals REM: A Fast Slewing Robotized Telescope to Catch Near-InfraRed Afterglow of GRBs

2003 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 387-390
Author(s):  
L. A. Antonelli ◽  
F. M. Zerbi ◽  
G. Chincarini ◽  
G. Ghisellini ◽  
M. Rodonò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Fast Transient

REM (Rapid Eye Mount) is a fully robotized fast slewing telescope equipped with a high throughput Near InfraRed (Z′, J, H, K′) camera (REMIR) and an optical slitless spectrograph (ROSS). A dedicated software for data reduction and software (AQuA) has been developed to extract scientific information from REM images without any human intervent. REM is installed in La Silla (Chile) and dedicated to detect and study the prompt optical/IR afterglow of Gamma Ray Bursts with the ambitious project of discovering objects at extremely high redshift. The synergy between REMIR camera and ROSS makes REM a powerful observing tool for any kind of fast transient phenomena.

scholarly journals Supernova Remnant Shocks in an Inhomogeneous Interstellar Medium

1988 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 205-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher F. McKee
Keyword(s):  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Supernova Remnant ◽  
Circumstellar Matter ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Circumstellar Material ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Intercloud Medium

AbstractThe inhomogeneity of the interstellar medium (ISM) has a profound effect on the propagation of the interstellar shock generated by a supernova and on the appearance of the resulting supernova remnant (SNR). Low mass supernovae produce remnants that interact with the “pristine” ISM, which has density inhomogeneities (clouds) on a wide range of scales. The shock compresses and accelerates the clouds it encounters; inside the blast wave, the clouds are hydrodynamically unstable, and mass is injected from the clouds into the intercloud medium. Embedded clouds interact thermally with the shock also, adding mass to the hot intercloud medium via thermal evaporation or subtracting it via condensation and thermal instability. Mass injection into the hot intercloud medium, whether dynamical or thermal, leads to infrared emission as dust mixes with the hot gas and is thermally sputtered. The remnants of massive supernovae interact primarily with circumstellar matter and with interstellar material which has been processed by the ionizing radiation and wind of the progenitor star. After passing through any circumstellar material which may be present, the shock encounters a cavity which tends to “muffle” the SNR. The remnants of massive supernovae therefore tell us more about the late stages of the evolution of massive stars than about the ISM.

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