scholarly journals Rapid Immunization Scheme for Spouses of Individuals Estabilished as Hepatitis B Carriers during Premarital Tests

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Tosun ◽  
Murat Yücetürk ◽  
Aydın Bilal Dönmez ◽  
Turan Gündüz
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hbsag Positivity ◽  
Vaccination Scheme ◽  
And Gender

Background. The aim of this study was to monitor the cases identified as hepatitis B carriers during premarital tests, to vaccinate their prospective spouses with a rapid vaccination scheme, and to compare the anti-HBs responses with the traditional vaccination scheme.Methods. Blood samples of 1250 couple spouses were tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs. HBsAg positive cases' fiancées which were found HBV negative were administered a rapid three-dose vaccination scheme on days 0, 7, and 21. Forty controls with similar age and gender were also were administered three doses of the same vaccine.Results. Out of 1250 cases (625 couples), 46 (3.6%) were HBsAg positive, and 40 of them aged between 18 and 39 were admitted to the rapid vaccination program.Conclusion. Upon determination of HBsAg positivity in premarital tests, a rapid vaccination program provides early protection, but the 6th and 12th month vaccinations are also required. Anti-HBs response should be monitored.

Impact of age and gender on risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip ◽  
Henry Lik-Yuen Chan ◽  
Vincent Wai-Sun Wong ◽  
Yee-Kit Tse ◽  
Kelvin Long-Yan Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals National Serosurvey of Cytomegalovirus in Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1181-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Seale ◽  
C. Raina MacIntyre ◽  
Heather F. Gidding ◽  
J. L. Backhouse ◽  
Dominic E. Dwyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Representative Samples

ABSTRACT In anticipation of the development of a vaccine against cytomegalovirus (CMV), we conducted a large, nationally representative serosurvey to examine the seroprevalence of CMV in Australia. Sera were collected opportunistically from laboratories around Australia. Age- and gender-representative samples were tested for CMV antibody. The population-weighted rate of CMV seropositivity in subjects between 1 and 59 years of age was 57% (95% confidence interval, 55.2 to 58.6%). An association between CMV seroprevalence and increasing age was recognized; however, little overall difference in seroprevalence between the sexes was found. The finding that high levels of CMV exposure occur in the first few years of life suggests that for a universal vaccination program to have maximal impact, the vaccine would need to be delivered to infants and have a long duration of protective efficacy. This is the first national serosurvey looking at cytomegalovirus in the Australian community. This study provides valuable information that can be used to examine the incidence of infection in the community and help focus the administration of a future CMV vaccine to appropriate target populations.

scholarly journals Age-wise and Gender-wise Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection in Lahore, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Aqib Nazeer ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Imran Tipu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Virus ◽  
And Gender

Background The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the Pakistani population has been reported previously, however, studies with a city-oriented approach and focus on age and gender distribution are very limited. Therefore, the current study was designed to unravel the age-wise and gender wise prevalence of HBV in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods A total of 350 blood samples of both male and female patients who visited National Genetic Laboratory, Lahore between February 2019 and July 2019 and who were suspected of HBV infection were screened. Sandwich based ELISA was used to detect rapid hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Real time PCR was used to detect HBV using HBV Rotor Gene PCR kit. Results Out of 350 blood samples screened for HBV infection (n= 350), 180 (51.43%) were of males and 170 (48.57%) were of females. Mean age (years) with SD (standard deviation) of the screened population was 37.22 ± 12.16 years. Overall, 224 samples (64%) were found to be positive for HBV infection. In our study, the number of females with this infection (52.24%) was slightly higher than males (47.76%). However, we observed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.225) between them. Conclusion Our study concludes that HBV is highly prevalent in Lahore, Pakistan. Females are slightly more susceptible to HBV infection as compared to males. This study also reports that HBV is more prevalent in the 20-40 age group.

scholarly journals Detection of hepatitis B surface antigen in whole blood by coupled particle light scattering (Copalis™)

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1764-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Benecky ◽  
Diane R Post ◽  
Susan M Schmitt ◽  
Manish S Kochar
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Light Scatter ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Multiple Analytes

Abstract Coupled particlelight scattering (Copalis™) is a homogeneous immunoassay technology that permits simultaneous determination of multiple analytes in serum, plasma, or whole blood. Copalis differentiates monomeric latex microparticles from latex aggregates and cells on the basis of their unique light scatter properties. Copalis readily discriminates small (∼0.1 μm) differences in latex microparticle size. Therefore, multiple simultaneous assays are configured by the use of mixtures of different-size latex microparticles. The Copalis research immunoassay for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is configured in a sandwich format where the extent of light scatter histogram broadening due to HBsAg-mediated binding of colloidal gold to latex provides the basis for antigen quantification. Simultaneous Copalis forward- and wide-angle light scatter measurements allow discrimination of latex microparticles from the cell components of whole blood. Consequently, direct detection of HBsAg in unprocessed whole-blood samples by Copalis is feasible.

Neuroendocrine Assessment of Serotonin (5-HT) Function in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yatham Lakshmi ◽  
L. Morehouse Rachel ◽  
B. Terry Chisholm ◽  
A. Haase David ◽  
D. Macdonald Dianne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Hormonal Responses ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Cortisol Responses ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
And Gender

Prolactin and Cortisol responses to dl-fenfluramine challenge were examined in 11 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and in 11 healthy controls who were age and gender matched. After obtaining two baseline samples, each subject was given 60 mg of dl-fenfluramine orally and further blood samples were drawn hourly during the following five hours in order to measure prolactin and Cortisol levels. There was no difference in either baseline or fenfluramine-induced hormonal responses between patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and controls. There was also no correlation between depression scores on HAM-D and hormonal responses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. The findings of this study do not support a role for 5-HT in chronic fatigue syndrome.

Classification and Treatment of Supramalleolar Deformities

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Knupp ◽  
Sjoerd A.S. Stufkens ◽  
Lilianna Bolliger ◽  
Alexej Barg ◽  
Beat Hintermann
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Additional Surgery ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Classification And Treatment

Background: Supramalleolar osteotomies are increasingly popular for addressing asymmetric arthritis of the ankle joint. Still, recommendations for the indication and the use of additional procedures remain arbitrary. We preoperatively grouped different types of asymmetric arthritis into several classes and assessed the usefulness of an algorithm based on these classifications for determining the choice of supramalleolar operative procedure and the risk factors for treatment failure. Methods: Ninety-two patients (94 ankles) were followed prospectively and assessed clinically and radiographically 43 months after a supramalleolar osteotomy for asymmetric arthritis of the ankle joint. Results: Significant improvement of the clinical scores was found. Postoperative reduction of radiological signs of arthritis was observed in mid-stage arthritis. Age and gender did not affect the outcome. Ten ankles failed to respond to the treatment and were converted to total ankle replacements or fused. Conclusions: Supramalleolar osteotomies can be effective for the treatment of early and midstage asymmetric arthritis of the ankle joint. However, certain subgroups have a tendency towards a worse outcome and may require additional surgery. Therefore preoperative distinction of different subgroups is helpful for determination of additional procedures. Level of Evidence: II, Prospective Comparative Study

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