scholarly journals Getting Real: A Naturalistic Methodology for Using Smartphones to Collect Mediated Communications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad C. Tossell ◽  
Philip Kortum ◽  
Clayton W. Shepard ◽  
Ahmad Rahmati ◽  
Lin Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Naturalistic Methodology ◽  
In The Wild

This paper contributes an intentionally naturalistic methodology using smartphone logging technology to study communications in the wild. Smartphone logging can provide tremendous access to communications data from real environments. However, researchers must consider how it is employed to preserve naturalistic behaviors. Nine considerations are presented to this end. We also provide a description of a naturalistic logging approach that has been applied successfully to collecting mediated communications from iPhones. The methodology was designed to intentionally decrease reactivity and resulted in data that were more accurate than self-reports. Example analyses are also provided to show how data collected can be analyzed to establish empirical patterns and identify user differences. Smartphone logging technologies offer flexible capabilities to enhance access to real communications data, but methodologies employing these techniques must be designed appropriately to avoid provoking naturally occurring behaviors. Functionally, this methodology can be applied to establish empirical patterns and test specific hypotheses within the field of HCI research. Topically, this methodology can be applied to domains interested in understanding mediated communications such as mobile content and systems design, teamwork, and social networks.

scholarly journals RECIPROCITY AND THE EMERGENCE OF POWER LAWS IN SOCIAL NETWORKS

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (07) ◽  
pp. 1067-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL SCHNEGG
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
The Past ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Growing Networks ◽  
Law Degree

Research in network science has shown that many naturally occurring and technologically constructed networks are scale free, that means a power law degree distribution emerges from a growth model in which each new node attaches to the existing network with a probability proportional to its number of links (= degree). Little is known about whether the same principles of local attachment and global properties apply to societies as well. Empirical evidence from six ethnographic case studies shows that complex social networks have significantly lower scaling exponents γ ~ 1 than have been assumed in the past. Apparently humans do not only look for the most prominent players to play with. Moreover cooperation in humans is characterized through reciprocity, the tendency to give to those from whom one has received in the past. Both variables — reciprocity and the scaling exponent — are negatively correlated (r = -0.767, sig = 0.075). If we include this effect in simulations of growing networks, degree distributions emerge that are much closer to those empirically observed. While the proportion of nodes with small degrees decreases drastically as we introduce reciprocity, the scaling exponent is more robust and changes only when a relatively large proportion of attachment decisions follow this rule. If social networks are less scale free than previously assumed this has far reaching implications for policy makers, public health programs and marketing alike.

Methodology for the Research Conducted

2021 ◽  
pp. 190-226
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Individual

This chapter describes and discusses a combination of research methodologies (e.g., experimental, theoretical, and systems design) used in this research, allowing us to eliminate as much as possible every limitation that can be encountered with the individual methods themselves. For example, experimental research methodology has a limitation because the experiments are performed mainly in a controlled environment and might not reflect properly some practices performed ‘in the wild'. But combining this with some survey and prototype (system's) design reduced such limitations. The knowledge gained from carrying out preliminary experimentation is used in the next chapter to design and model the Hybrid-AutoML system.

Some Remarks on Deer (Cervidae) in Ancient Egypt

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-243
Author(s):  
Patrick F. Houlihan
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica ◽  
In The Wild

The evidence for deer (Cervidae) in ancient Egypt is reviewed briefly. The question of whether deer ever existed in the wild as an element of the Egyptian fauna, or were only known from rare exotic imports, cannot be conclusively answered yet. It is quite likely, however, based upon the records of the Egyptians themselves, that deer were native, whether naturally occurring or introduced. While the identification of the species depicted as the Persian Fallow Deer (Dama dama mesopotamica) is probably correct, the Barbary Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) remains a possibility.

scholarly journals Vampire Bats that Cooperate in the Lab Maintain Their Social Networks in the Wild

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (23) ◽  
pp. 4139-4144.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P. Ripperger ◽  
Gerald G. Carter ◽  
Niklas Duda ◽  
Alexander Koelpin ◽  
Björn Cassens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Vampire Bats ◽  
In The Wild

scholarly journals Musical Preferences Predict Personality: Evidence From Active Listening and Facebook Likes

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1145-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Nave ◽  
Juri Minxha ◽  
David M. Greenberg ◽  
Michal Kosinski ◽  
David Stillwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Musical Excerpts ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Genre Preferences ◽  
Musical Preferences

Research over the past decade has shown that various personality traits are communicated through musical preferences. One limitation of that research is external validity, as most studies have assessed individual differences in musical preferences using self-reports of music-genre preferences. Are personality traits communicated through behavioral manifestations of musical preferences? We addressed this question in two large-scale online studies with demographically diverse populations. Study 1 ( N = 22,252) shows that reactions to unfamiliar musical excerpts predicted individual differences in personality—most notably, openness and extraversion—above and beyond demographic characteristics. Moreover, these personality traits were differentially associated with particular music-preference dimensions. The results from Study 2 ( N = 21,929) replicated and extended these findings by showing that an active measure of naturally occurring behavior, Facebook Likes for musical artists, also predicted individual differences in personality. In general, our findings establish the robustness and external validity of the links between musical preferences and personality.

Social Inclusion Despite Exclusionary Sex Offense Laws: How Registered Citizens Cope With Loneliness

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tusty ten Bensel ◽  
Lisa L. Sample
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sexual Recidivism ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Sex Offense

The use of social media has become associated with empowerment, social capital, and social inclusion for members of marginalized groups in society. Few groups in today’s social environment are as marginalized, if not more, than sex offenders. This article explores the use of social media among 112 registered sex offenders who are in the community, no longer under correctional control, and self-report no reoffending. Self-reports of desistance were triangulated through interviews with 38 spouses/relatives of registrants and arrest data. Unlike prior studies of sex offenders’ use of social media to facilitate offending, we found the use of social media helps create informal social networks, reduces loneliness, and provides a sense of empowerment among sex offenders and their family members. These are all factors important to promoting public safety and reducing sexual recidivism.

scholarly journals A Naturally-Occurring Dominant-Negative Inhibitor of Keap1 Competitively against Its Negative Regulation of Nrf2

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Qiu ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Yuping Zhu ◽  
Yuancai Xiang ◽  
Yiguo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Genomic Deletions ◽  
Cytoprotective Activity ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Dominant Negative Inhibitor ◽  
Bzip Factor ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Cullin 3

Transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a master regulator of antioxidant and/or electrophile response elements (AREs/EpREs)-driven genes involved in homeostasis, detoxification, and adaptation to various stresses. The cytoprotective activity of Nrf2, though being oppositely involved in both cancer prevention and progression, is critically controlled by Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1), which is an adaptor subunit of Cullin 3-based E3 ubiquitin ligase and also is a key sensor for oxidative and electrophilic stresses. Here, we first report a novel naturally-occurring mutant of Keap1, designated Keap1ΔC, which lacks most of its C-terminal Nrf2-interacting domain essential for inhibition of the cap’n’collar (CNC) basic-region leucine zipper (bZIP) factor. This mutant Keap1ΔC is yielded by translation from an alternatively mRNA-spliced variant lacking the fourth and fifth exons, but their coding sequences are retained in the wild-type Keap1 locus (with no genomic deletions). Although this variant was found primarily in the human highly-metastatic hepatoma (MHCC97H) cells, it was widely expressed at very lower levels in all other cell lines examined. Such Keap1ΔC retains no or less ability to inhibit Nrf2, so that it functions as a dominant-negative competitor of Keap1 against its inhibition of Nrf2 due to its antagonist effect on Keap1-mediated turnover of Nrf2 protein.

Wuchsstoffaktivität der Augenpterine von Drosophila melanogaster bei Crithidia fasciculata

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmgard Ziegler ◽  
Helene A. Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Crithidia Fasciculata ◽  
Type D ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Growth Experiments

A tetrahydrobiopterin-derivative and a yellow pteridine, accumulated in the eyes of the sepia mutant of Drosophila melanogaster, are very active growth factors for Crithidia fasciculata. Of the three additional pteridines found in the wild-type D. melanogaster, a dark red pteridine, neodrosopterin, is very active whereas a brick-red pteridine, drosopterin, is moderately active and isodrosopterin, probably the isomer of drosopterin is inactive. The relationships of the results of the growth experiments to the naturally-occurring eye pteridines and to the basic biopterin structure are discussed.

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