scholarly journals Nesting Activity and Behavior ofOsmia cornifrons(Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) Elucidated Using Videography

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew I. McKinney ◽  
Yong-Lak Park
Keyword(s):  
Time Of Day ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Video Recorder ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Nesting Activity

Osmia cornifronsRadoszkowski (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) is utilized as an alternate pollinator toApis melliferaL. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in early-season fruit crops. This study was conducted to investigate nesting activities and associated behaviors ofO. cornifrons.Osmia cornifronsnesting activity was recorded by using a digital video recorder with infrared cameras. Nesting behavior of ten femaleO. cornifronswas observed, and the number of nesting trips per hour was recorded. Trends in daily activity were determined with regression analysis, and chi square analysis was used to determine ifO. cornifronsspent a greater amount of time performing certain activities. The percentage of time required to gather nesting resources and complete nest construction activities was recorded from the video footage. Results of this study showed that pollen gathering was the most time-consuming gathering activity, requiring221.6±28.69 min per cell and cell provisioning was the most time-consuming intranest activity, requiring 28.9 min ± 3.97 min. We also found thatO. cornifronsactivity was correlated with time of day, temperature, and precipitation. Various nesting behaviors, including cell provisioning and partitioning, oviposition, grooming, resting and sleeping, nest-searching, and repairing behaviors, are described in this paper.

PERSEPSI PETERNAK PADA KEPEMIMPINAN PENDAMPING DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS USAHA TERNAK DI PAGUYUBAN AL-AWWALIYAH, PASIRWANGI, GARUT, JAWA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Dwi Indah Sulistiani ◽  
Ujang Maman ◽  
Junaidi J
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Leadership Qualities ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Objective of this research; 1) determine the perception of ranchers against the properties and behavior of the leadership of the companion in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah 2) analyze the relationship between productivity breeder with productivity of livestock in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah 3) identify the relationship perceptions of ranchers against the leadership companion with productivity of livestock in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah , The data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from questionnaires which stem from ranchers while secondary data sourced from literature in the form of books and articles. Data processing was performed using Chi-square analysis using SPSS software version 21. One of the factors relating to the productivity of ranchers is the perception of ranchers against the leadership of their companion. Leadership companion views of the nature and behavior of which is owned by a companion. Productivity ranchers indirectly related to the productivity of the cattle business. Characteristics breeder visits of age, years of education, experience ranchers, and businesses in addition to ranchers. The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between business other than ranchers with ranchers productivity. The relationship between the perception of the nature of the companion breeder with productivity ranchers produce Pearson Chi-Square value is 9.751 and Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) of 0.002. This is due to interest ranchers against leadership qualities possessed by a companion who produce prolific ranchers. Ranchers consider that a companion of his leadership qualities are ideal as a companion.

scholarly journals Vaccine Beliefs of Parents Who Oppose Compulsory Vaccination

2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison M. Kennedy ◽  
Cedric J. Brown ◽  
Deborah A. Gust
Keyword(s):  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
School Entry ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Compulsory Vaccination ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Parental Opposition ◽  
And Behavior

Objectives. Our objectives were the following: ( 1) to describe the sociodemographic factors, vaccine beliefs, and behaviors that are associated with parental opposition to compulsory vaccination, and ( 2) to determine if the availability of a philosophical exemption in a parent's state of residence is associated with parental opposition to compulsory vaccination. Methods. Data from the 2002 HealthStyles survey were analyzed. Chi-square analysis was used to identify significant associations between belief and behavior questions and opposition to compulsory vaccination for school entry. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted using significant variables from the bivariate analysis to identify independent predictors of opposition to compulsory vaccination among surveyed parents. Results. Of respondents with at least one child aged ⩽18 years living in the household ( n = 1,527), 12% were opposed to compulsory vaccination. Survey results indicate that a parent's belief regarding compulsory vaccination for school entry is significantly associated with beliefs in the safety and utility of vaccines, as well as intention to have the youngest child fully vaccinated. Residence in a state that permits philosophical exemption to vaccination also was significantly associated with a parent's opposition to compulsory vaccination for school entry. Conclusions. Providing basic information to parents regarding vaccines and vaccine-preventable diseases may help reduce opposition to compulsory vaccination by reinforcing the safety and importance of routine childhood vaccinations.

scholarly journals COVID in Post Vaccinated individuals- Beacon of Light

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V K Sashindran ◽  
K Rajesh ◽  
Ankur Nigam ◽  
Sourya Sourabh Mohakuda ◽  
Navin Bhati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Dose Schedule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Comparative Group ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Introduction: COVISHIELD and COVAXIN have been introduced post rapid approval as COVID vaccines in India, which has the second most COVID cases across countries. These vaccines are being administered in a two-dose schedule from 16 Jan 2021. This study deals with the clinical profile of individuals who developed COVID infection post-COVID vaccination. This is the first study of similar nature in India. Methodology: The study population comprised of individuals who were detected to be COVID positive 04 weeks post-vaccination and were compared with individuals detected positive within the first 04 weeks of vaccination. Data was collected in a digital questionnaire format and analyzed with SPSS v-23 software. Clinical features were profiled in detail. Chi-square analysis was done to find out the association of various demographic features with the severity of the disease. Results: In the study population, fever was the commonest symptom (75.1%) followed by anosmia (72.1%), and shortness of breath (16.3%). There was a lower incidence of fever, cough, dyspnea, and requirement of hospitalization in the study population as compared to the control group and previous epidemiological data. The time required for complete recovery and disease severity was favorable in our study population. There was a significant correlation in the rate of hospitalization among the study group and the comparative group (p=0.0001) and between the number of dosages of COVID vaccine with the lowest SpO2 recorded (p=0.001). Conclusion: This study will boost the ongoing initiative of having a maximal vaccinated population countrywide and emphasize the need for two doses of vaccination.

scholarly journals Hydration to Maximize Performance And Recovery: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Among Collegiate Track and Field Throwers

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Lawrence W. Judge ◽  
David M. Bellar ◽  
Jennifer K. Popp ◽  
Bruce W. Craig ◽  
Makenzie A. Schoeff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Hydration plays an important role in performance, injury prevention, and recovery for athletes engaged in competitive sports. Therefore, it is important that strength and conditioning coaches understand an athlete’s hydration needs to prevent illness and enhance performance. The purpose of this study was to identify hydration knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of collegiate track and field throwers, as well as identify barriers to hydration and sources of nutritional information. The Rehydration and Refueling in Collegiate Track and Field Throwers Survey was sent to 271 track and field thrower coaches with a request to forward the email to current track and field throwers. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated regarding knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores among the participants in this sample. Differences among response patterns were assessed via Chi-square analysis. Alpha level was set at p = .05. Results demonstrated that 97.3% (n = 287) of respondents knew that dehydration would decrease performance, but 50.5% (n = 149) erroneously believed thirst was the best indicator of dehydration. Chi-square analysis demonstrated a significant difference in reported values between participants who intended to eat a performance-enhancing diet and those who consumed less fluid than recomended values (207 – 295 m)l in the 2-3 hours prior to competition (χ2 = 10.87, p < .05). Pearson correlation coefficients demonstrated a large association between knowledge and behavior (r = .70, p < .05), a medium association between knowledge and attitude (r = .41, p < .05), and a small association between attitude and behavior (r = .21, p < .05). This suggests that strength and conditioning coaches and health staff need to educate and monitor hydration behaviors among collegiate track and field throwers to optimize performance.

The Effect of Sanctions on Cooperative Behavior: A Study on Medium Trust Individuals in the Context of Corruption

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Rosiana ◽  
Achmad Djunaidi ◽  
Indun Lestari Setyono ◽  
Wilis Srisayekti
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Personal Interests

This study aims to describe the effect of sanctions (individual sanctions, collective sanctions, and absence of sanctions) on cooperative behavior of individuals with medium trust in the context of corruption. Both collective sanctions and individual sanctions, are systemic, which means sanctioning behavior is exercised not by each individual but by the system. Cooperative behavior in this context means choosing to obey rules, to reject acts of corruption and to prioritize public interests rather than the personal interests. Conversely, corruption is an uncooperative behavior to the rules, and ignores the public interest and prioritizes personal interests. Research subjects were 62 students. The Chi-Square Analysis was used to see the association between the variables and the logistic regression model was applied to describe the structure of this association. Individual sanction is recommended as punishment to medium trust individuals to promote cooperative behavior in the context of corruption. The results showed that individuals with medium trust had more cooperative behavior.

Evaluation of a New Clinical Test of Fusion Status: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Background Suppression ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
State University ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Central Fusion ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Background Suppression is associated with binocular vision conditions such as amblyopia and strabismus. Commercial methods of testing fusion often only measure central fusion or suppression at near. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess a new iPad picture fusion test that assesses foveal and central fusion at near. Methods Participants aged 5 years and older presenting for eye examination at The Ohio State University College of Optometry were enrolled. Results from visual acuity, dry and wet refraction/retinoscopy, stereopsis and cover testing were recorded from the patient chart. The iPad picture fusion test, Worth four-dot, Worth type test with foveal letter targets, and Polarized four-dot were performed by one examiner in a randomized order at 40 cm. Testing was repeated with the anaglyphic filters reversed. Crosstabulation and McNemar chi-square analysis were used to compare the results between fusion testing devices. Results Of the fifty participants (mean age = 17.5), twelve reported suppression and one reported diplopia. Testability was excellent for all tests (98% to 100%). There were no significant differences between tests in reported results (P ≥ 0.22 for all comparisons). No difference in reported fusion or suppression status was observed with change in orientation of the anaglyphic filters. Six participants reported foveal suppression alone at near which was not identified with Worth four-dot at near. Conclusion The iPad picture fusion test provided excellent testability and agreement with commonly used tests of fusion and allowed testing of both central and foveal fusion at near. Nearly half (46%) of participants with suppression reported foveal suppression, supporting the importance of testing for foveal suppression.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PELAYANAN INFORMASI OBAT DAN KONSELING TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH IDAMAN BANJARBARU

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Satrio Wibowo Rahmatullah ◽  
◽  
Ika Maulida Nurrahma ◽  
Adnan Syahrizal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Information ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Compliance to achieve treatment success can be improved by providing drug information services (PIO) and counseling to improve understanding of treatment instructions. The general objective of this study was to determine the effect of drug information service and counseling on the level of medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with hypertension in the Banjarbaru Regional Hospital. This study uses a quasi experimental method with a cross sectional approach and takes patient data prospectively. The results of this study indicate that the group given PIO and counseling showed a high level of adherence as many as 20 respondents (100%). Whereas in the group that was not given PIO and the counseling level of adherence was low, there were 4 respondents (20%). Based on the mann-whitney analysis p-value = 0,000 (<α = 0.05) so that there are differences in the group with PIO and counseling with groups without PIO and counseling, while the chi square analysis p-value = 0.004 (<α = 0 , 05) so that PIO and counseling have a significant effect on the level of adherence to taking medication in patients with DM with hypertension at the Banjarbaru Regional Hospital.

Trends in the incidence and mortality of oral cancer in Nevada (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Foote ◽  
Karl Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Us ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

BACKGROUND Reviews of national and state-specific cancer registries have revealed differences in rates of oral cancer incidence and mortality that have implications for public health research and policy. Many significant associations between head and neck (oral) cancers and major risk factors, such as cigarette usage, may be influenced by public health policy such as smoking restrictions and bans – including the Nevada Clean Indoor Act of 2006 (and subsequent modification in 2011). OBJECTIVE Although evaluation of general and regional advances in public policy have been previously evaluated, no recent studies have focused specifically on the changes to the epidemiology of oral cancer incidence and mortality in Nevada. METHODS Cancer incidence and mortality rate data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Most recently available rate changes in cancer incidence and mortality for Nevada included the years 2012 – 2016 and are age-adjusted to the year 2000 standard US population. Comparisons of any differences between Nevada and the overall US population were evaluated using Chi square analysis. RESULTS This analysis revealed that the overall rates of incidence and mortality from oral cancer in Nevada differs from that observed in the overall US population. For example, although the incidence of oral cancer among Caucasians is increasing in Nevada and the US overall, it is increasing at nearly twice that rate in Nevada, P=0.0002. In addition, although oral cancer incidence among Minorities in the US is declining, it is increasing in Nevada , P=0.0001. Analysis of reported mortality causes revealed that mortality from oral cancer increased in the US overall but declined in Nevada during the same period (2012-2016). More specifically, mortality among both Males and Females in the US is increasing, but is declining in Nevada, P=0.0027. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the epidemiologic data from Nevada compared with the overall US revealed significant differences in rates of oral cancer incidence and mortality. More specifically, oral cancer incidence increased in Nevada between 2012-2016 among all groups analyzed (Males, Females, White, Minority), while decreases were observed nationally among Females and Minorities. Although mortality in Nevada decreased over this same time period (in contrast to the national trends), the lag time between diagnosis (incidence) and mortality suggests that these trends will change in the near future. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

scholarly journals 1136. Trends in Speaker Representation at the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) IDWeek Conference, 2013-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S597-S597
Author(s):  
Jasmine R Marcelin ◽  
Rohan Khazanchi ◽  
Elizabeth Lyden ◽  
Kelly Cawcutt ◽  
Ravina Kullar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Program Committee ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Poster Sessions ◽  
Professional Degree ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Over the last decade, there have been sustained efforts to diversify the healthcare workforce. In 2016, the IDWeek Program Committee was charged to ensure gender equity in speaker sessions. Whether this intervention also resulted in more opportunities for underrepresented speakers has not been determined. Methods This project was supported by IDSA, who provided demographic information on IDWeek speakers (excluding poster sessions) from 2013-2019. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics, and chi-square analysis evaluated changes over time. Each speaker slot was considered an independent event. Data was combined for 2013-2016 (≤2016) and 2017-2019 (&gt;2016). IDSA membership demographics were available from 2014 for gender, race/ethnicity, from 2016 for age, and from 2018 for professional degree. Results A total of 3640 speaker slots were filled by 2504 individuals from 2013-2019. A larger proportion of speaker slots were filled by women &gt;2016 (51%) vs ≤ 2016 (43%), with a linear increase from 38.6% in 2013 to 52.1% in 2019 (p&lt; 0.001). Averaged across 2013-2019, IDSA membership was 67.5% White, 20.6% Asian, 7.7% Latinx, 3.9% Black, and 0.4% Other. IDWeek Speakers during that timeframe were 77.7% White, 13.9% Asian, 4.7% Latinx, 2.7% Black, and 1.0% Other; a larger proportion of slots were filled by Asian speakers &gt;2016 (16.3%) vs ≤ 2016 (12.8%) (p=0.005). The proportion of pharmacist speakers increased over time; 5.1% of speakers in 2019 reflected IDSA pharmacist membership (5.4%). The proportion of individuals invited to speak more than once differed by age (19% in &lt; 40yo, 28% 40-49yo, 32% 50-59yo, and 22% &gt;60yo; p&lt; 0.001), and professional degree (28% physicians, 18% pharmacists, 9% other doctorates, and 7% non-doctorate speakers; p&lt; 0.001). Figure 1: Trends in Gender Distribution of IDWeek Speakers and IDSA Members, 2013-2019 Figure 2: Trends in Race/Ethnicity Distribution of IDWeek Speakers and IDSA Members, 2013-2019 Conclusion Intentional consideration of gender equity by the Program Committee significantly improved equitable gender representation of invited speakers at IDWeek. This effort has not resulted in increased diversity of invited speakers from groups underrepresented in IDSA membership. To ensure that invited speakers represent the membership of IDSA/IDWeek partner organizations and more importantly, the communities we serve, we call for continued application of the principles of Inclusion, Diversity, Access, and Equity at IDWeek. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Model-independent calibrations of gamma-ray bursts using machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 503 (3) ◽  
pp. 4581-4600
Author(s):  
Orlando Luongo ◽  
Marco Muccino
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Bayesian Regression ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Acoustic Oscillations ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Model Independent ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

ABSTRACT We alleviate the circularity problem, whereby gamma-ray bursts are not perfect distance indicators, by means of a new model-independent technique based on Bézier polynomials. We use the well consolidate Amati and Combo correlations. We consider improved calibrated catalogues of mock data from differential Hubble rate points. To get our mock data, we use those machine learning scenarios that well adapt to gamma-ray bursts, discussing in detail how we handle small amounts of data from our machine learning techniques. We explore only three machine learning treatments, i.e. linear regression, neural network, and random forest, emphasizing quantitative statistical motivations behind these choices. Our calibration strategy consists in taking Hubble’s data, creating the mock compilation using machine learning and calibrating the aforementioned correlations through Bézier polynomials with a standard chi-square analysis first and then by means of a hierarchical Bayesian regression procedure. The corresponding catalogues, built up from the two correlations, have been used to constrain dark energy scenarios. We thus employ Markov chain Monte Carlo numerical analyses based on the most recent Pantheon supernova data, baryonic acoustic oscillations, and our gamma-ray burst data. We test the standard ΛCDM model and the Chevallier–Polarski–Linder parametrization. We discuss the recent H0 tension in view of our results. Moreover, we highlight a further severe tension over Ωm and we conclude that a slight evolving dark energy model is possible.

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