scholarly journals Separation of Polyphenols from Jordanian Olive Oil Mill Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad A. Deeb ◽  
Manar K. Fayyad ◽  
Mahmoud A. Alawi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Olive Oil Mill Wastewater ◽  
Silica Column ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Olive Mill ◽  
C Nmr

This research aims at separation of polyphenols from Jordanian olive mill wastewater which have possible applications in pharmaceutical industry. The phenolic compounds were isolated using silica column chromatography based on using different solvents after extracting the acidified solution with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The structural elucidation of the separated compounds was achieved using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The concentrations of these compounds were determined by GC-MS after derivatization with N, O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA). The concentrations of the main isolated phenolic compounds in the Jordanian olive mill wastewater were ferulic acid (93.6 mg/L), trans-cinnamic acid (105.3 mg/L), p-coumaric acid (117.0 mg/L), vanillic acid (128.7 mg/L), caffeic acid (140.4 mg/L), tyrosol (210.6 mg/L), and hydroxytyrosol (315.9 mg/L).

scholarly journals Assessment of phenol compound removal from olive oil mill wastewater by using peroxidases extracted from radish and nettle leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Houda Bouslimi ◽  
Hager Jouili ◽  
Isabel Caçador ◽  
Noomene Sleimi
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Olive Oil Mill Wastewater ◽  
Phenol Compound ◽  
Plant Peroxidases ◽  
Degree Of Degradation ◽  
Urtica Urens ◽  
Olive Mill

Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate the degree of degradation phenolic compounds in olive mill wastewater (OMW), using crude plant peroxidases. In fact, OMW was treated with crude peroxidases extracted from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and nettle (Urtica urens L.) leaves. A significant reduction of more than 60% of total phenols was observed in OMW incubated with peroxidase crude extract during seven days. The present chromatographic data obtained by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) show that enzymatic treatment may change the composition of the polyphenols contained in the OMW. Thus, we observed a significant decrease in some phenolic acid levels, such as gallic acid, p-coumaric acid and hydroxytyrosol, and the disappearance of vanillic acid, compared to the non-treated OMW. Finally, phytotoxicity of the treated and non-treated OMW was tested by means of young sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus) grown in hydroponic medium. Our results showed that sunflower plants grow normally when the nutrient medium contains treated OMW; whereas they fade rapidly in the presence of non-treated OMW. We conclude that treatment of OMW with radish and nettle crude extracts could attenuate OMW phytotoxicity considerably.

scholarly journals β-Cyclodextrin Does not Alter the Bioaccessibility and the Uptake by Caco-2 Cells of Olive By-Product Phenolic Compounds

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélia Malapert ◽  
Valérie Tomao ◽  
Marielle Margier ◽  
Marion Nowicki ◽  
Béatrice Gleize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Vegetation Water ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Olive Mill

Alperujo—a two-phase olive mill waste that is composed of olive vegetation water and solid skin, pulp, and seed fragments - is a highly valuable olive by-product due to its high content in phenolic compounds. In this study, we assessed whether β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), which is used to extract and protect alpejuro phenolic compounds (hydroxytyrosol-O-glucoside, tyrosol, caffeic, and p-coumaric acids) could impact on their bioaccessibility (i.e., the percentage of molecule found in the aqueous phase of the digesta) and uptake by intestinal cells, by using an in vitro digestion model and Caco-2 TC7 cells in culture, respectively. Our results showed that β-CD did not change the bioaccessibility of the selected phenols. Hydroxytyrosol-O-glucoside and caffeic did not cross Caco-2 cell monolayers. Conversely ferulic acid, identified as the main caffeic acid intestinal metabolite, was absorbed through intestinal cell monolayers (~20%). Interestingly, β-CD moderately but significantly improved the local absorption of tyrosol and p-coumaric acid (2.3 + 1.4% and 8.5 ± 4.2%, respectively, p < 0.05), even if their final bioavailability (expressed as bioaccessibility × absorption by Caco-2 cells) was not modified (16.2 ± 0.6% vs. 16.8 ± 0.5% for tyrosol and 32.0 ± 3.2% vs. 37.2 ± 3.2% for p-coumaric acid, from pure alperujo and alperujo complexed with β-CD, respectively). Overall, our results show that β-CD is an interesting extraction and storage agent for phenolic compounds that does not alter their in vitro bioavailability.

Crystal structure of 3-chlorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (7) ◽  
pp. 437-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Tarighi ◽  
Alireza Abbasi ◽  
Sara Zamanian ◽  
Alireza Badiei ◽  
Mahmood Ghoranneviss
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Thionyl Chloride ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Packing Structure ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Carbonyl Chloride ◽  
C Nmr

3-Chlorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride was synthesised from cinnamic acid and thionyl chloride. The single crystal X-ray structure determination confirmed the earlier proposed structure and the product was further characterised by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. The X-ray structure determination revealed two sets of symmetry related molecules along the b-axis that are loosely connected by relatively weak CH…π ( 3.626, 3.628 Å) interactions, giving rise to two infinite chains. The packing structure is dominated by Van der Waals forces between these chains. No significant π–π interactions are found in the crystal structure.

An efficient synthesis of 3-alkyl-2-diversity-substituted benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Mei Wang ◽  
Tian-Shuai Wang ◽  
Sheng-Jie He ◽  
Zong-Yun Chen ◽  
Yang-Gen Hu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sodium Ethoxide ◽  
Catalytic Amount ◽  
Alkyl Halides ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Excess Carbon ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Aliphatic Esters ◽  
C Nmr

Benzofuro[3,2- d]pyrimidine derivatives are prepared using aza-Wittig reactions of iminophosphoranes with n-butyl isocyanate at 40–50 °C to give carbodiimide intermediates, which are reacted with nitrogen-oxygen-containing nucleophiles to give 3-alkyl-2-amino (aryloxy/alkoxy)-benzofuro[3,2- d]pyrimidin-4(3 H)-ones in satisfactory yields in the presence of a catalytic amount of sodium ethoxide or K2CO3. The iminophosphorane also reacts directly with excess carbon disulfide, followed by n-propylamine; further reaction with alkyl halides or halogenated aliphatic esters in the presence of anhydrous K2CO3 produces the corresponding 2-alkylthio-3-n-propyl-benzofuro[3,2- d]pyrimidin-4(3 H)-ones in good yields. Their structures of the products are confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectrometry, infrared and elemental analysis.

scholarly journals Chloro- and BF2bdk-substituted dithienylethene: Synthesis, photophysical properties, and optical switching behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 174751982095141
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Lu ◽  
Wenbo Yang ◽  
Yanhui Bai ◽  
Mo Wang ◽  
Zixu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Switching Behavior ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Resolution Mass ◽  
C Nmr

A novel chloro- and BF2bdk-substituted dithienylethene derivative, in which a chlorine atom and a difluoroboron β-diketonate (BF2bdk) group are appended at the termini of the dithienylethene core, is developed. The structure was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (electrospray ionization). It displayed solvent-dependent photophysical properties, and blue/red light-triggered optical switching behavior in nonpolar or less polar solvents.

Synthesis, Generic Dyeing of Nindigo Derivatives on Unmodified Polypropylene; First Time Application in Dyeing Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 7105-7111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Penthala ◽  
Rangaraju Satish Kumar ◽  
Hyorim Kim ◽  
Gisu Heo ◽  
Young-A Son
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Substituted Anilines ◽  
Simple Route ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
First Time ◽  
C Nmr

Hydrophobic nindigo dyes were designed and successfully synthesized from indigo by reacting with substituted anilines in a simple route. Four nindigo dyes were fruitfully analyzed by 1H NMR 13C NMR, electronic and mass spectrometry. Here, we have firstly introduced these nindigo dyes into dyeing area for the dyeing of unmodified polypropylene fiber in aqueous medium. Dyeing experiments has been performed by using didodecyldimethylammonium bromide dispersing agent to make dye-dispersant complex for enhancing the dispersion of dyes. All the dyes were displayed profound blue color hue on polypropylene. The dyeing efficiency and dye fixation order of the nindigo dyes are 3d > 3c ≥ 3b > 3a. Compound 3d having higher the hydrophobic character (logP ═ 7.04), so greater the dye ability on the polypropylene fiber and exhibiting deep coloration.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater by Trichosporon Cutaneum and Geotrichum Candidum

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibela Dragičević ◽  
Marijana Hren ◽  
Margareta Gmajnić ◽  
Sanja Pelko ◽  
Dzoko Kungulovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
Trichosporon Cutaneum ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dark Colour ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Olive Mill

Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater by Trichosporon Cutaneum and Geotrichum CandidumOlive oil production generates large volumes of wastewater. These wastewaters are characterised by high chemical oxygen demand (COD), high content of microbial growth-inhibiting compounds such as phenolic compounds and tannins, and dark colour. The aim of this study was to investigate biodegradation of olive mill wastewater (OMW) by yeasts Trichosporon cutaneum and Geotrichum candidum. The yeast Trichosporon cutaneum was used because it has a high potential to biodegrade phenolic compounds and a wide range of toxic compounds. The yeast Geotrichum candidum was used to see how successful it is in biodegrading compounds that give the dark colour to the wastewater. Under aerobic conditions, Trichosporon cutaneum removed 88 % of COD and 64 % of phenolic compounds, while the dark colour remained. Geotrichum candidum grown in static conditions reduced COD and colour further by 77 % and 47 %, respectively. This investigation has shown that Trichosporon cutaneum under aerobic conditions and Geotrichum candidum under facultative anaerobic conditions could be used successfully in a two-step biodegradation process. Further investigation of OMW treatment by selected yeasts should contribute to better understanding of biodegradation and decolourisation and should include ecotoxicological evaluation of the treated OMW.

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