scholarly journals Influence of Compatibilizer and Processing Conditions on Morphology, Mechanical Properties, and Deformation Mechanism of PP/Clay Nanocomposite

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Akbari ◽  
R. Bagheri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Deformation Mechanism ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Rotor Speed ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Twin Screw

Polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposite was prepared by melt intercalation method using a twin-screw extruder with starve feeding system in this paper. The effects of compatibilizer, extruder rotor speed and feeding rate on properties of nanocomposite were investigated. Structure, tensile, and impact properties and deformation mechanism of the compounds were studied. For investigation of structure and deformation mechanisms, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission optical microscopy (TOM) techniques were utilized, respectively. The results illustrate that introduction of the compatibilizer and also variation of the processing conditions affect structure and mechanical properties of nanocomposite.

Crystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of PP/EVA Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 869-872
Author(s):  
Kun Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Twin Screw

Polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) blends were prepared using a twin-screw extruder by melt blending method. The influences of the EVA contents in PP/EVA blends on crystallization behavior and mechanical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). XRD results show that the EVA not change the crystal structure in the blends but only decrease the intensity of the diffraction peak. DSC results showed that the melting point and crystallization point decreased when EVA added to the blend. The tensile properties of PP/EVA blend become much better.

Improvement of toughness properties of polypropylene filled with nanobentonite using stearic acid as interface modifier

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarazett Hernandez ◽  
Tomas Lozano ◽  
Ana B Morales ◽  
Fabiola Navarro-Pardo ◽  
Pierre G Lafleur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface And Interface ◽  
Acid Incorporation ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Physical Interactions

The mechanical properties of polypropylene-bentonite nanocomposites were studied in this work. In this study, stearic acid was used as both a new surface modifier of the nano bentonite and a new interface modifier during the compounding of the nanocomposites with a twin-screw extruder. Three different weight concentrations (1.5 wt.%, 2.5 wt.%, and 5.0 wt.%.) were chosen for each type of nanobentonite compounds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy allowed us the possibility to discard any chemical interaction between the nanobentonite and stearic acid. Nevertheless, the physical interactions between both components favored the mechanical properties, resulting in around 150% improvement in the elongation of the nanocomposites containing stearic acid as surface and interface modifier. This can be due to the good intercalation of the nanobentonite platelets as found by wide angle X-ray diffraction and this was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, where the fracture surface analyses of these nanocomposites showed the best dispersion and wetting of the nanoplatelets by the polymer matrix. Crystallization behavior was also modified by stearic acid incorporation and the nanocomposites with better dispersion exhibited crystallization temperatures similar to pure polypropylene.

Study of the Degradability of PA6/Organoclay Nanocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamyres Cardoso de Carvalho ◽  
Erbertt Barros Bezerra ◽  
Renê Anísio da Paz ◽  
Amanda Melissa Damião Leite ◽  
Vanessa Nóbrega Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Organophilic Clay ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hexadecyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide

The study of the degradability of PA6 / organoclay nanocomposites was evaluated to minimize the effects of plastic waste in the environment. The use of clays usually accelerates the degradation of nanocomposites. A regional clay (polyamide 6, Polyform - B300) and a quaternary ammonium salt (Cetremide (hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) were used. The hybrids were obtained in a co-rotating twin screw extruder and the tensile and the impact specimens were obtained through injection. The infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of the salt molecules in the modified bentonite and its organophilization. The XRD results of the hybrids indicate that the peak of the organophilic clay disappeared when incorporated into the polyamide, showing that all systems were exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structure. The nanocomposites showed higher tensile mechanical properties when compared to the properties of pure polyamide, and the various conditions of aging influenced the degradation of these materials.

Effect of Processing Conditions on Properties of KMnO4-Treated PAN Fibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Chun Yi Liu ◽  
Ai Wen Qin ◽  
Xin Zhen Zhao ◽  
Chun Ju He
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Pan Fibers

Plasticized polyacrylonitrile(PAN) fibers have been chemically impregnated with aqueous solution of KMnO4under varying conditions of temperature and time. The effect of modification conditions on the chemical structure and the mechanical properties of precursor fibers are characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. The experimental results show that KMnO4can be used not only as catalyst for cyclization reaction, but also as plasticizer. The chemical modification between KMnO4and PAN can not occur below70°C, the most suitable condition for modification is performed at 80°C for 5 min.

scholarly journals LDPE/HDPE/Clay Nanocomposites: Effects of Compatibilizer on the Structure and Dielectric Response

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zazoum ◽  
E. David ◽  
A. D. Ngô
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Response ◽  
Interfacial Polarization ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyethylene Blend ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Relaxation Modes

PE/clay nanocomposites were prepared by mixing a commercially available premixed polyethylene/O-MMT masterbatch into a polyethylene blend matrix containing 80 wt% low-density polyethylene and 20 wt% high-density polyethylene with and without anhydride modified polyethylene (PE-MA) as the compatibilizer using a corotating twin-screw extruder. In this study, the effect of nanoclay and compatibilizer on the structure and dielectric response of PE/clay nanocomposites has been investigated. The microstructure of PE/clay nanocomposites was characterized using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thermal properties were examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The dielectric response of neat PE was compared with that of PE/clay nanocomposite with and without the compatibilizer. The XRD and SEM results showed that the PE/O-MMT nanocomposite with the PE-MA compatibilizer was better dispersed. In the nanocomposite materials, two relaxation modes are detected in the dielectric losses. The first relaxation is due to a Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars interfacial polarization, and the second relaxation can be related to dipolar polarization. A relationship between the degree of dispersion and the relaxation ratefmaxof Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars was found and discussed.

Measurement of Alloying Degree of Galvannealed Steels by X-Ray Diffraction

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1461-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung Kuk Park ◽  
Jea Hwa Hong ◽  
Chong Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Pls Regression ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Galvannealed Steel

Galvannealed steels are produced by reheating of Zinc-coated steels, in which the iron and the zinc are interdiffused to form Zn-Fe intermatallic compound. In recent years, application of galvannealed steel has increased due to its excellent corrosion resistance, good weldability and paintability. Galvannealed production requires strict control of processing conditions to obtain an optimal alloying degree in the coatings. The analysis of the alloying degree is very important since they are closely related to the corrosion and mechanical properties. This study is measurement of alloying degree of the galvannealed steel by using the XRD. Partial least squares (PLS) model is a powerful multivariate tool that has been successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of data in XRD. The alloying degree was determined by using PLS regression to a concentration accuracy of 0.2%. The XRD analysis and proposed PLS model can be successfully used to determine the alloying degree of industrially produced galvannealed steel.

scholarly journals Influence of Processing Type in the Morphology of Membranes Obtained from PA6/MMT Nanocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodholfo da Silva Barbosa Ferreira ◽  
Caio Henrique do Ó Pereira ◽  
Rene Anisio da Paz ◽  
Amanda Melissa Damião Leite ◽  
Edcleide Maria Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nanocomposites have an extensive use in the current process of membrane preparation, taking into account their unique features as membranes. Thus, the study of nanocomposite processing to obtain membranes is highly important. In this work, Brazilian clay was used (Brasgel PA) for the preparation of polyamide/clay nanocomposite. The nanocomposites were produced in a high rotation homogenizer and in a twin screw extruder. From the nanocomposites and pure polymers processed in the two equipments, membranes were prepared by the immersion-precipitation method, using formic acid as solvent. By X-ray diffraction (XRD), the formation of exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structures with changes in the crystalline phases of the polyamide was observed. From scanning electron microscopy images, it was observed that the processing clearly influenced the membrane morphology.

Use of Brazilian Clay in Nylon 6 with Different Molecular Weight Nanocomposites

2010 ◽  
Vol 660-661 ◽  
pp. 777-783
Author(s):  
Edcleide Maria Araújo ◽  
Renê Anísio da Paz ◽  
Tomás Jefférson Alves de Mélo ◽  
Amanda Melissa Damião Leite ◽  
Renata Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Torque Rheometry ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Different Molecular Weight

The effect of nylon 6 (Ny6) molecular weight on the development of polymer/layered silicates nanocomposites prepared by the melt intercalation technique was studied in this work. The nylon6/organoclay nanocomposites were prepared in the counter-rotational twin screw extruder. The results of torque rheometry showed that the presence of organoclay in the nylon 6 increased the torque. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structures.

Dynamic Vulcanisation of EPDM-Based Thermoplastic Vulcanisates during Extrusion: Effect of Processing Conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 838-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Vera Machado ◽  
Martin van Duin ◽  
José A. Covas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw

Dynamic vulcanisation of EPDM/PE blends using the resol/SnCl2 system was studied in a co-rotating twin screw extruder using a series of sampling devices. In order to study the effect of the processing conditions on chemical development along the extruder and on the mechanical properties of the extrudate material, the same recipe (having the same polyolefin/EPDM ratio) was compounded under different processing conditions. The results showed that both chemical evolution and mechanical properties depend on the processing conditions.

Thermal Conductivity and Crystallography of Polypropylene/Polycarbonate/ Polypropylene-Graft-Maleic Anhydride Polymer Blend

2020 ◽  
Vol 995 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shafiq Mat Shayuti ◽  
Rahida Wati Sharudin ◽  
Tengku Amran Tengku Mohd ◽  
Putri Nadzrul Faizura Megat Khamaruddin ◽  
Mohamad Zaki Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Reactive Compatibilization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medium Range ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Standard Tests

The effect of blending polycarbonate (PC) into polypropylene (PP) matrix polymer on thermal conductivity and crystal structure was studied. The blends consisted of 5% to 35% of PC with 5% compatibilizer (polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride or PP-g-MA), were compounded using twin-screw extruder and shaped into standard tests samples by compression molding. The thermal conductivity values for PP/PC/PP-g-MA blends were ranging from 0.22 – 0.24 W/m.K. When compared to Hanshin – Shtrikman model, the highest difference in the thermal conductivity values was 28.2% shown in 90/5/5 composition. The deviation was due to the exclusion of factors such as PC particulates’ geometry, size, and dispersion in PP matrix. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) test revealed the blends’ structures comprised of medium-range order domains, referring to imperfect crystals with nanoparticles. The locations of peaks in the XRD spectrum also suggest that the pure PP’s monoclinic alpha crystal appeared in all PP/PC/PP-g-MA blends and there was no other crystal obtained in the blends. From the result, the discovered traits of crystal structure displayed influence on the thermal conductivity of the blends. At the same time, reactive compatibilization was suspected to take place at the interface of PP and PC phases when PP-g-MA was introduced.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document