scholarly journals Potential Anticancer Properties of Grape Antioxidants

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kequan Zhou ◽  
Julian J. Raffoul
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Exciting Field ◽  
Grape Skin ◽  
Seed Extracts

Dietary intake of foods rich in antioxidant properties is suggested to be cancer protective. Foods rich in antioxidant properties include grape (Vitis vinifera), one of the world’s largest fruit crops and most commonly consumed fruits in the world. The composition and cancer-protective effects of major phenolic antioxidants in grape skin and seed extracts are discussed in this review. Grape skin and seed extracts exert strong free radical scavenging and chelating activities and inhibit lipid oxidation in various food and cell modelsin vitro. The use of grape antioxidants are promising against a broad range of cancer cells by targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream pathways, inhibiting over-expression of COX-2 and prostaglandin E2 receptors, or modifying estrogen receptor pathways, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Interestingly, some of these activities were also demonstrated in animal models. However,in vivostudies have demonstrated inconsistent antioxidant efficacy. Nonetheless, a growing body of evidence from human clinical trials has demonstrated that consumption of grape, wine and grape juice exerts many health-promoting and possible anti-cancer effects. Thus, grape skin and seed extracts have great potential in cancer prevention and further investigation into this exciting field is warranted.

scholarly journals Investigation of invitro Antioxidant and invivo Protective Effects of Hypericum triquetrifolium Seed Methanol Extracts against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Acute Myelotoxicity, Hemotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songul Cetik Yildiz ◽  
Cumali Keskin ◽  
Adnan Ayhanci
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Methanol Extracts

The aim of this study was to investigate in-vitro antioxidant properties and in-vivo protective effects of different concentrations of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. (HT) seed methanol extracts against acute hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats exposed to overdose of cyclophosphamide (CP). HT seed methanol extracts were tested in view of its in-vitro antioxidant activities as total phenolic contents and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity. To investigate in-vivo protective effects of HT seed methanol extracts on rat tissues; tested animals were divided into nine groups. Three groups only were treated with HT extracts (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days. Three groups were pre-treated with the extract of HT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days and on the last day they were injected with single dose of CP (150-mg/kg body weight). Two groups were used as control groups and one group was only treated with CP (150 mg/kg) on the 6th day. The toxic effects of CP and protective effects of HT extracts on the nucleated cells which were produced by bone marrow and serum alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were investigated biochemically. Additionally, liver tissue samples were examined histopathologically. Our results show that HT seed methanol extract has high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Over dose CP administration caused hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity on rat. Whereas, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT plus CP administered groups showed significant protective effects on nucleated cells. And 25, 50, 100 mg/kg HT plus CP treated groups showed an important decrease on serum ALT, ALP, LDH and OSI levels when compared with CP treated group. Our results showed that the administration of different HT doses with high doses of CP significantly reduced hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematoxicity on rats.

Cytoglobin, a novel globin, plays an antifibrotic role in the kidney

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (5) ◽  
pp. F1120-F1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imari Mimura ◽  
Masaomi Nangaku ◽  
Hiroshi Nishi ◽  
Reiko Inagi ◽  
Tetsuhiro Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Transgenic Rats ◽  
Cultured Fibroblasts

Cytoglobin (Cygb), a novel member of the globin superfamily, is expressed by fibroblasts in various organs. However, its function remains unknown. Because of its localization, we speculated that a biological role of Cygb may be related to fibrogenesis. To clarify the role of Cygb in kidney fibrosis, we employed the remnant kidney model in rats. Immunohistochemical analysis showed an increase in Cygb expression in parallel with disease progression. To investigate the functional consequence of Cygb upregulation, we established transgenic rats overexpressing rat Cygb. Overexpression of Cygb improved histological injury, preserved renal function, and ameliorated fibrosis, as estimated by the accumulation of collagen I and IV as well as Masson trichrome staining. These protective effects of Cygb were associated with a decrease in nitrotyrosine deposition in the kidney and urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) excretion as a marker of oxidative stress. We also performed in vitro studies utilizing a rat kidney fibroblast cell line transiently overexpressing Cygb, an inducible kidney cell transfected with Cygb, and primary cultured fibroblasts isolated from the kidneys of the transgenic rats. These different experimental systems consistently showed that Cygb inhibited collagen synthesis. Furthermore, mutant disruption of heme in Cygb that impaired its antioxidant properties led to the loss of antifibrotic effects, suggesting that Cygb reduces fibrosis via a radical scavenging function. In conclusion, we showed that Cygb plays an important role in protection of the kidney against fibrosis via the amelioration of oxidative stress both in vitro and in vivo. Cygb might represent a good therapeutic target in chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective studies on methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata and development of qualitative analytical profile for the bioactive extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praneetha Pallerla ◽  
Narsimha Reddy Yellu ◽  
Ravi Kumar Bobbala
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Effective Fraction

Abstract Background The objective of the study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata (LC) and development of qualitative analytical profile of the bioactive fraction using HPLC fingerprinting analysis. All the fractions of methanolic extract of Lindernia ciliata (LCME) are assessed for their total phenolic, flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant properties by using DPPH, superoxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and reducing power assay. Acute toxicity study was conducted for all the fractions and the two test doses 50 and 100 mg/kg were selected for the hepatoprotective study. Liver damage was induced in different groups of rats by administering 3 g/kg.b.w.p.o. paracetamol and the effect of fractions were tested for hepatoprotective potential by evaluating serum biochemical parameters and histology of liver of rats. The effective fraction was evaluated for its antihepatotoxic activity against D-Galactosamine (400 mg/kg b.w. i.p.) and in vivo antioxidant parameters viz., Glutathione (GSH), Melondialdehyde (MDA) and Catalase (CAT) levels are estimated using liver homogenate. Results Among all the fractions, butanone fraction of LCME, (BNF-LCME) has shown better hepatoprotective activity and hence it is selected to evaluate the antihepatotoxicity against D-GaIN. The activity of BNF-LCME is well supported in in vitro and in vivo antioxidant studies and may be attributed to flavonoidal, phenolic compounds present in the fraction. Hence, BNF-LCME was subjected to the development of qualitative analytical profile using HPLC finger printing analysis. Conclusions All the fractions of LCME exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity and BNF-LCME (50 mg/kg) was identified as the most effective fraction.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF SINAPIC ACID: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nithya R ◽  
Subramanian S
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Protein Carbonyls

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of sinapic acid in both in vitro and in vivo. Recently, we have reported that oral administration of sinapic acid (3,5-dimethoxy 4-hydroxycinnamic acid) an active phyto ingredient widely distributed in rye, mustard, berries, and vegetables has been shown to ameliorate hyperglycemia.Methods: Experimental Type 2 diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by feeding high-fat diet to induce insulin resistance followed by intraperitoneal administration of a single low dose streptozotocin (35 mg/kg body weight [bw]). Sinapic acid was administered orally at a concentration of 25 mg/kg bw/rat/day for 30 days, and its efficacy was compared with metformin. In vitro, antioxidant scavenging properties of sinapic acid were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), superoxide, and nitric oxide (NO) assay.Results: Sinapic acid treatment showed a significant decline in the levels of lipid peroxides, hydroperoxides and protein carbonyls in the plasma and vital tissues of diabetic rats. The treatment also improved the antioxidant status in diabetic rats indicating the antioxidant potential of sinapic acid. In addition, the results of DPPH, ABTS, superoxide, and NO radical scavenging assays substantiate the free radical scavenging efficacy of sinapic acid.Conclusion: The results of this study evidenced that sinapic acid possess significant antioxidant properties which in turn may be responsible for its antidiabetic properties.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaC.B.Cl. (Acanthaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Adesegun ◽  
A. Fajana ◽  
C. I. Orabueze ◽  
H. A. B. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chelating Ability

The antioxidant activities of crude extract ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaleaf were evaluated and compared with α-tocopherol and BHT as synthetic antioxidants and ascorbic acid as natural-based antioxidant.In vitro, we studied its antioxidative activities, radical-scavenging effects, Fe2+-chelating ability and reducing power. The total phenolic content was determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent. The extract showed variable activities in all of thesein vitrotests. The antioxidant effect ofP. fascisepalawas strongly dose dependent, increased with increasing leaf extract dose and then leveled off with further increase in extract dose. Compared to other antioxidants used in the study, α-Tocopherol, ascorbic acid and BHT,P. fascisepalaleaf extract showed less scavenging effect on α,α,-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and less reducing power on Fe3+/ferricyanide complex but better Fe2+-chelating ability. These results revealed thein vitroantioxidant activity ofP.fascisepala.Further investigations are necessary to verify these activitiesin vivo.

Evaluation of the Potential Cardioprotective Activity of Some Saudi Plants against Doxorubicin Toxicity

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama M. Ashour ◽  
Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim ◽  
Hossam M. Abdallah ◽  
Ayman A. Nagy ◽  
Ahmed M. Mohamadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Cordia Myxa

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of several tumours. However, its cardiac toxicity limits its use at maximum therapeutic doses. Most studies implicated increased oxidative stress as the major determinant of DOX cardiotoxicity. The local Saudi flora is very rich in a variety of plants of quite known folkloric or traditional medicinal uses. Tribulus macropterus Boiss., Olea europaea L. subsp. africana (Mill.) P. S. Green, Tamarix aphylla (L.) H. Karst., Cynomorium coccineum L., Cordia myxa L., Calligonum comosum L’ Hér, and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal are Saudi plants known to have antioxidant activities. The aim of the current study was to explore the potential protective effects of methanolic extracts of these seven Saudi plants against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Two plants showed promising cardioprotective potential in the order Calligonum comosum > Cordia myxa. The two plant extracts showed potent in vitro radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. They significantly protected against DOX-induced alterations in cardiac oxidative stress markers (GSH and MDA) and cardiac serum markers (CK-MB and LDH activities). Additionally, histopathological examination indicated a protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. In conclusion, C. comosum and C. myxa exerted protective activity against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, which is, at least partly, due to their antioxidant effect

scholarly journals Citrus limon from Tunisia: Phytochemical and Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Makni ◽  
Raoua Jemai ◽  
Walid Kriaa ◽  
Yassine Chtourou ◽  
Hamadi Fetoui
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Strand Breakage ◽  
Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity

Natural plant extracts contain a variety of phenolic compounds which are assigned various biological activities. Our work aims to make a quantitative and qualitative characterization of the Zest (ZL) and the Flesh (FL) of lemon (Citrus limon), to valorize the pharmacological uses of lemon, by evaluating in vitro activities (DPPH, free radical scavenging and reducing power). The antibacterial, antifungal, and antiproliferative activities were sought in the ability of Citrus limon extracts to protect DNA and protein. We found that the ZL contains high amounts of phenolics responsible for the important antioxidant properties of the extract. However, the FL is richer in flavonoids than the ZL. The FL extract was also found to be more effective than the ZL in protecting plasmid DNA against the strand breakage induced by hydroxyl radicals. We also concluded that the FL extract exhibited potent antibacterial activity unlike ZL. Analysis by LC/MS-MS identified 6 compounds (Caffeoyl N-Tryptophan, Hydroxycinnamoyl-Oglucoside acid, Vicenin 2, Eriocitrin, Kaempferol-3-O- rutinoside, and Quercetin-3-rutinoside). These preliminary results showed that Citrus limon has antibacterial and antioxidant activity in vitro. It would be interesting to conduct further studies to evaluate the in vivo potential in an animal model.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, IN VIVO ANTIPYRETIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF PARONYCHIA CAPITATA L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Soumia Bouzidi ◽  
Benkiki Naima ◽  
Allaoua Zina
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of Paronychia capitata various extracts, acute toxicity, the in vivoantipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities of the n-butanol extract.Methods: The antioxidant properties were tested using 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and β-carotene linoleic acid system, thetotal phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory activity and antipyretic activity of the n-butanol extractwere assessed on male Wistar rats at the dose levels 250, 500 mg/kg body weight, using the egg albumin-induced edema, and brewer’s yeast-inducedpyrexia method, respectively.Results: The n-butanol extract of P. capitata had considerably the highest antiradical activity with inhibitory concentration 50 value of 8.667 μg/ml.Conclusion: The experimental data demonstrated that n-butanol extract of P. capitata possess significantly remarkable anti-inflammatory andantipyretic activities compared to the standard drugs.Keywords: Caryophyllaceae, Flavonoid, Inflammation, Fever, Paronychia capitata.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Aqueous Extract ofLuehea divaricataagainst Behavioral and Oxidative Changes Induced by 3-Nitropropionic Acid in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Alves Courtes ◽  
Letícia Priscila Arantes ◽  
Rômulo Pillon Barcelos ◽  
Ingrid Kich da Silva ◽  
Aline Augusti Boligon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease. Accordingly, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) has been found to effectively produce HD-like symptoms.Luehea divaricata(L. divaricata), popularly known in Brazil as “açoita-cavalo,” may act as a neuroprotective agentin vitroandin vivo. We evaluated the hypothesis that the aqueous extract ofL. divaricatacould prevent behavioral and oxidative alterations induced by 3-NP in rats. 25 adult Wistar male rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) control, (2)L. divaricata(1000 mg/kg), (3) 3-NP, (4)L. divaricata(500 mg/kg) + 3-NP, and (5)L. divaricata(1000 mg/kg) + 3-NP. Groups 2, 4, and 5 receivedL. divaricatavia intragastric gavage daily for 10 days. Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 received 20 mg/kg 3-NP daily from days 8–10. At day 10, parameters of locomotor activity and biochemical evaluations were performed. Indeed, rats treated with 3-NP showed decreased locomotor activity compared to controls. Additionally, 3-NP increased levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and decreased ratio of GSH/GSSG and acetylcholinesterase activity in cortex and/or striatum. Our results suggest that rats pretreated withL. divaricataprior to 3-NP treatment showed neuroprotective effects when compared to 3-NP treated controls, which may be due to its antioxidant properties.

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