scholarly journals Relationship of Morning Cortisol to Circadian Phase and Rising Time in Young Adults with Delayed Sleep Times

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Rea ◽  
Mariana G. Figueiro ◽  
Katherine M. Sharkey ◽  
Mary A. Carskadon
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cortisol Awakening Response ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
Dim Light ◽  
Delayed Sleep ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rising Time

The present study was aimed at further elucidating the relationship between circadian phase, rising time, and the morning cortisol awakening response (CAR). The results presented here are a secondary analysis of experimental data obtained from a study of advanced sleep-wake schedules and light exposures on circadian phase advances measured by dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO). The present results demonstrate that morning CAR is strongly related to rising time and more weakly related to DLMO phase.

scholarly journals Short-Wavelength Light Enhances Cortisol Awakening Response in Sleep-Restricted Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana G. Figueiro ◽  
Mark S. Rea
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cortisol Awakening Response ◽  
Dim Light ◽  
Short Wavelength Light ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rising Time ◽  
Wavelength Light

Levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal gland, follow a daily, 24-hour rhythm with concentrations reaching a minimum in the evening and a peak near rising time. In addition, cortisol levels exhibit a sharp peak in concentration within the first hour after waking; this is known as the cortisol awakening response (CAR). The present study is a secondary analysis of a larger study investigating the impact of short-wavelength(λmax≈470 nm)light on CAR in adolescents who were sleep restricted. The study ran over the course of three overnight sessions, at least one week apart. The experimental sessions differed in terms of the light exposure scenarios experienced during the evening prior to sleeping in the laboratory and during the morning after waking from a 4.5-hour sleep opportunity. Eighteen adolescents aged 12–17 years were exposed to dim light or to 40 lux (0.401 W/m2) of 470-nm peaking light for 80 minutes after awakening. Saliva samples were collected every 20 minutes to assess CAR. Exposure to short-wavelength light in the morning significantly enhanced CAR compared to dim light. Morning exposure to short-wavelength light may be a simple, yet practical way to better prepare adolescents for an active day.

Calculus of the Relationship of the Cutting Moment at Drilling of the Stainless Steel X15CrNiSi20-12

2015 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelian Vlase ◽  
Ovidiu Blăjină ◽  
Marius Iacob
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mathematical Software ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Technical Research ◽  
Analytic Relationship ◽  
Subsequent Processing ◽  
Manufacturing Activity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper studies the cutting moment at drilling of the stainless steel X15CrNiSi20-12. The structure of the cutting moment relation was modified with respect to the relation available in the technical literature for common steels. The tool speed was included in the calculus relation. The experimental data and their subsequent processing represent the original contributions of the authors to the estimation of polytropic exponents and to the assessment in terms of structure of the calculus relation of the cutting moment. The paper also contains graphs for the variation of the cutting moment with parameters of the cutting technology. The graphs are drawn based on the analytic relationship of the cutting moment, obtained in the paper, using the mathematical softwareMaple. The results presented in this study can be taken into consideration in the educational studies and in the theoretical technical research. Also, they can be readily implemented in the manufacturing activity. Our further studies aim these problems for another steels classes.

Patterns of Symptom Distress in Adults Receiving Treatment for Lung Cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Cooley ◽  
Thomas H. Short ◽  
Helene J. Moriarty
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Symptom Distress ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Knowledge of the patterns of symptom distress in adults receiving treatment for lung cancer is an important first step in developing interventions that can potentially lessen symptom distress. The purposes of this secondary analysis were to describe the changes in patterns of symptom distress over time in adults receiving treatment for lung cancer, and to examine the relationship of selected demographic and clinical characteristics to symptom distress. Complete data were available for 117 patients. The patterns of symptom distress in adults receiving treatment for lung cancer varied between treatment groups and over time. Symptom distress scores were moderate to high on entry into the study, indicating that symptom management in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients is essential and should begin early in the course of illness. Moreover, clinical interventions should be tailored to the type of treatment. Various demographic and clinical variables were weak and inconsistent predictors of symptom distress, underscoring the importance of examining the role of psychosocial factors in mediating symptom distress.

High Frequency Response of Beams

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Parker ◽  
V. H. Neubert
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Rates Of Convergence ◽  
Series Solutions ◽  
Timoshenko Theory ◽  
High Frequency Response ◽  
Lateral Response ◽  
Mode Solution ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In developing the relationship of the normal mode solution for a vibrating rod to the pyrotechnic shock problem, a detailed analysis is presented using the Timoshenko theory to obtain the transient lateral response of a cylindrical rod with free ends to a short duration half sine pulse of either moment or shear applied to one end. Two different series solutions are used and the rates of convergence are compared near the boundary. Results are compared with experimental data.

Study on the Relationship of the Quantity of CO2 Produced and the Wind Speed

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1638-1641
Author(s):  
Xian Long Sun ◽  
Er Xin Gao ◽  
Hong Fen Zhang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Li Juan Li
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Spontaneous Combustion ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the geological and the experimental data of the13#coal seam of Sun-Cun Coal Mine, the relationship curve between the geothermal heat in Sun-Cun coal mine and experimental wind speed has been fit out.According this and the laboratory experiments,the relational expression between the quantity of CO2 produced in the period of spontaneous combustion and the wind speed in the coal mine has been developed. The research results show that when the wind speed exceeds 2m/s,the quantity of CO2 produced has a sharp rising tendency.

scholarly journals Circadian tau differences and rhythm associations in delayed sleep–wake phase disorder and sighted non-24-hour sleep–wake rhythm disorder

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorica Micic ◽  
Nicole Lovato ◽  
Sally A Ferguson ◽  
Helen J Burgess ◽  
Leon Lack
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Behavioral Rhythm ◽  
Rhythm Disorder ◽  
Dim Light ◽  
Delayed Sleep

Abstract Study Objectives We investigated biological and behavioral rhythm period lengths (i.e. taus) of delayed sleep–wake phase disorder (DSWPD) and non-24-hour sleep–wake rhythm disorder (N24SWD). Based on circadian phase timing (temperature and dim light melatonin onset), DSWPD participants were dichotomized into a circadian-delayed and a circadian non-delayed group to investigate etiological differences. Methods Participants with DSWPD (n = 26, 17 m, age: 21.85 ± 4.97 years), full-sighted N24SWD (n = 4, 3 m, age: 25.75 ± 4.99 years) and 18 controls (10 m, age: 23.72 ± 5.10 years) participated in an 80-h modified constant routine. An ultradian protocol of 1-h “days” in dim light, controlled conditions alternated 20-min sleep/dark periods with 40-min enforced wakefulness/light. Subjective sleepiness ratings were recorded prior to every sleep/dark opportunity and median reaction time (vigilance) was measured hourly. Obtained sleep (sleep propensity) was derived from 20-min sleep/dark opportunities to quantify hourly objective sleepiness. Hourly core body temperature was recorded, and salivary melatonin assayed to measure endogenous circadian rhythms. Rhythm data were curved using the two-component cosine model. Results Patients with DSWPD and N24SWD had significantly longer melatonin and temperature taus compared to controls. Circadian non-delayed DSWPD had normally timed temperature and melatonin rhythms but were typically sleeping at relatively late circadian phases compared to those with circadian-delayed DSWPD. Conclusions People with DSWPD and N24SWD exhibit significantly longer biological circadian rhythm period lengths compared to controls. Approximately half of those diagnosed with DSWPD do not have abnormally delayed circadian rhythm timings suggesting abnormal phase relationship between biological rhythms and behavioral sleep period or potentially conditioned sleep-onset insomnia.

Research Regarding the Relationship of the Axial Cutting Force at Drilling of the Stainless Steel X15CrNiSi20-12

2014 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Blăjină ◽  
Vlad Darie ◽  
Aurelian Vlase ◽  
Marius Iacob
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Mathematical Software ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Technical Research ◽  
Force Relation ◽  
Manufacturing Activity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper studies the cutting force at drilling of the stainless steel X15CrNiSi20-12. The structure of the cutting force relation was modified with respect to the relation available in the technical literature for common steels. The tool speed was included in the calculus relation. The experimental data and their subsequent processing represent the original contributions of the authors to the estimation of polytropic exponents and to the assessment in terms of structure of the calculus relation of the cutting force. The paper also contains graphs for the variation of the cutting force with parameters of the cutting technology. The graphs are drawn based on the analytic relationship of the cutting force, obtained in the paper, using the mathematical softwareMaple. The results presented in this study can be taken into consideration in the educational studies and in the theoretical technical research. Also, they can be readily implemented in the manufacturing activity. Our further studies aim these problems for another steels classes.

Study on Crystallization Kinetics of Gypsum Prepared by Bittern under 30oC and Different Stirring Speed

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 731-735
Author(s):  
Bi Jun Luo ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Hai Hong Wu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Xi Ping Huang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Crystallization Kinetics ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Particle Number Density ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kinetics Of

Crystallization kinetics experiment of calcium sulfate dehydrates, which is prepared by bittern under 30oC and different stirring speed conditions, is carried out. According to the results of the experimental data, the relationship of nucleus particle-number density n0 and crystal growth rate G with the residence time, temperature and the stirring speed is summarized. Also, the crystallization kinetics formula under 30oC and different stirring speed is given.

scholarly journals Social Aspects of the Formation of New Layers and Groups in the Modernizing Russian Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Inessa Mikhailovna Orekhova
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Behavior Strategies ◽  
Change Vector ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The author uses the data of sociological researches conducted at the Institute of sociological research of the Russian Academy of Sciences for two dec-ades, one of the tasks of which was to study and analyze the attitude of individuals, groups and sec-tors of the population to the ongoing socio-structural changes in society. The research materials made it possible to analyze the features of the for-mation of new layers and groups in the modernizing Russian society and trace the change vector in their relationships. Secondary analysis of the obtained data allowed the author to identify several condi-tional periods of development of the Russian social system. The basis for highlighting these periods was the respondents' opinions on the criteria of social group membership in the modernizing Rus-sian society, on the relationship of new social groups, as well as the nature of the respondents' behavior strategies in the changed conditions of life. The author considers social and structural transfor-mations as a consequence of the general moderni-zation of the Russian social system.

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