scholarly journals Widespread Oceanospirillaceae Bacteria inPoritesspp.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Speck ◽  
Stuart P. Donachie
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Porites Compressa ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Stony Corals ◽  
Hermatypic Corals ◽  
Rdna Clone

We present evidence that a clade of bacteria in the Oceanospirillaceae is widely distributed inPoritesspp. and other hermatypic corals.Bacteria16S rDNA clone libraries were prepared from community genomic DNA extracted fromPorites compressaandPorites lobatasurface mucus and adjacent seawater collected along a line transect off Maui. Phylogenetic affiliations of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) defined at the 97% level of nucleotide identity varied within and between the respectivePoritesspp. along the transect and differed from those in the seawater. One OTU (C7-A01), however, occurred in all mucus samples from bothPoritesspecies. C7-A01c affiliates with a clade of uncultivatedOceanospirillum-like bacteria; the nearest neighbors of this OTU have been reported only in the surface mucus layer ofPoritesspp. and other stony corals, in reef-dwelling invertebrates, and the corallivorous six-banded angelfish,Pomacanthus sexstriatus.

scholarly journals DIVERSITY OF STONY CORALS IN BANGGAI WATER

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikoh Manogar Siringoringo ◽  
Tri Aryono Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Stony Corals ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Given ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Banggai waters, located in Central Sulawesi Province, is part of the world’s coral triangle area which is well–known to have the highest diversity on stony corals (Scleractinia). A research on stony corals has been carried out at 9 study sites between June–July 2011, practicing line transect methods and free collection in order to determine the recent condition and diversity of the given coral group. The average of live corals coverage was recorded at 46%(ranging between 24–77%), and categorized as fair condition. The number of coral species found was 194, distributed in 54 genera. The Banggai waters condition was considered good and potential to sustain the corals’growth. Even though so, in several particular areas, there were still threats on coral reefs.

Observation of Superlattice Dislocations on Cube Planes in Ni3Al

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 174-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Oblak ◽  
W. H. Rand
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Antiphase Boundary ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cross Slip ◽  
Octahedral Plane ◽  
Trapping Mechanism ◽  
Slip Traces

The energy of an a/2 <110> shear antiphase. boundary in the Ll2 expected to be at a minimum on {100} cube planes because here strue ture is there is no violation of nearest-neighbor order. The latter however does involve the disruption of second nearest neighbors. It has been suggested that cross slip of paired a/2 <110> dislocations from octahedral onto cube planes is an important dislocation trapping mechanism in Ni3Al; furthermore, slip traces consistent with cube slip are observed above 920°K.Due to the high energy of the {111} antiphase boundary (> 200 mJ/m2), paired a/2 <110> dislocations are tightly constricted on the octahedral plane and cannot be individually resolved.

Probing vacancies and structural distortions at individual defects in ceramics using EELS

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 678-679
Author(s):  
D. J. Wallis ◽  
N. D. Browning
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Core Loss ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Key Issues

In electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), the near-edge region of a core-loss edge contains information on high-order atomic correlations. These correlations give details of the 3-D atomic structure which can be elucidated using multiple-scattering (MS) theory. MS calculations use real space clusters making them ideal for use in low-symmetry systems such as defects and interfaces. When coupled with the atomic spatial resolution capabilities of the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), there therefore exists the ability to obtain 3-D structural information from individual atomic scale structures. For ceramic materials where the structure-property relationships are dominated by defects and interfaces, this methodology can provide unique information on key issues such as like-ion repulsion and the presence of vacancies, impurities and structural distortion.An example of the use of MS-theory is shown in fig 1, where an experimental oxygen K-edge from SrTiO3 is compared to full MS-calculations for successive shells (a shell consists of neighboring atoms, so that 1 shell includes only nearest neighbors, 2 shells includes first and second-nearest neighbors, and so on).

A Quick Visual Mind Can be a Slow Auditory Mind

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander Martens ◽  
Addie Johnson ◽  
Martje Bolle ◽  
Jelmer Borst
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Conscious Level ◽  
Visual Targets ◽  
Concurrent Information

The human mind is severely limited in processing concurrent information at a conscious level of awareness. These temporal restrictions are clearly reflected in the attentional blink (AB), a deficit in reporting the second of two targets when it occurs 200–500 ms after the first. However, we recently reported that some individuals do not show a visual AB, and presented psychophysiological evidence that target processing differs between “blinkers” and “nonblinkers”. Here, we present evidence that visual nonblinkers do show an auditory AB, which suggests that a major source of attentional restriction as reflected in the AB is likely to be modality-specific. In Experiment 3, we show that when the difficulty in identifying visual targets is increased, nonblinkers continue to show little or no visual AB, suggesting that the presence of an AB in the auditory but not in the visual modality is not due to a difference in task difficulty.

Anticipated ambiguity prolongs the present: Evidence of a return trip effect.

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (11) ◽  
pp. 1415-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam J. Maglio ◽  
Cherrie Y. N. Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Trip Effect ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Return Trip

Paris I Dysfibrinogenemia: A Point Mutation in Intron 8 Results in Insertion of a 15 Amino Acid Sequence in the Fibrinogen γ-Chain

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (03) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B Rosenberg ◽  
Peter J Newman ◽  
Michael W Mosesson ◽  
Marie-Claude Guillin ◽  
David L Amrani
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Point Mutation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Comparative Sequence Analysis ◽  
Chain Gene ◽  
Molecular Defect ◽  
Nucleotide Position ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SummaryParis I dysfibrinogenemia results in the production of a fibrinogen molecule containing a functionally abnormal γ-chain. We determined the basis of the molecular defect using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the γ-chain region of the Paris I subject’s genomic DNA. Comparative sequence analysis of cloned PCR segments of normal and Paris I genomic DNA revealed only an A→G point mutation occurring at nucleotide position 6588 within intron 8 of the Paris I γ-chain gene. We examined six normal individuals and found only normal sequence in this region, indicating that this change is not likely to represent a normal polymorphism. This nucleotide change leads to a 45 bp fragment being inserted between exons 8 and 9 in the mature γparis I chain mRNA, and encodes a 15 amino acid insert after γ350 [M-C-G-E-A-L-P-M-L-K-D-P-C-Y]. Alternative splicing of this region from intron 8 into the mature Paris I γ-chain mRNA also results after translation into a substitution of S for G at position γ351. Biochemical studies of 14C-iodoacetamide incorporation into disulfide-reduced Paris I and normal fibrinogen corroborated the molecular biologic predictions that two additional cysteine residues exist within the γpariS I chain. We conclude that the insertion of this amino acid sequence leads to a conformationallyaltered, and dysfunctional γ-chain in Paris I fibrinogen.

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