scholarly journals Sources of Dietary Fiber and the Association of Fiber Intake with Childhood Obesity Risk (in 2–18 Year Olds) and Diabetes Risk of Adolescents 12–18 Year Olds: NHANES 2003–2006

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Brauchla ◽  
WenYen Juan ◽  
Jon Story ◽  
Sibylle Kranz
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Fiber Density

Increased fiber intake has been linked with lower risk of overweight and obesity in adults, but data are sparse for children. To address this issue, NHANES 2003–2006 data was used to evaluate (1) the food sources of fiber in children, (2) the dietary fiber density levels and risk of being classified as overweight/obese, and (3) the association between fiber intake level and impaired glucose metabolism in children. Analyses were restricted to the subsample of children with biological plausible diet reports (N=4,667) and stratified by 2–11 year olds (n=2072) and 12–18 year olds (n=2595). Results showed that the food sources are predominantly foods that are low in dietary fiber, but are consumed at high levels. In 2–18 year old plausible reporters, the risk for overweight/obesity decreased by 17% from children in the medium tertile of fiber density intake compared to the lowest tertile (OR=0.83,Pvalue = 0.043) and by 21% between the highest compared to the lowest tertile (OR=0.79,Pvalue = 0.031). There was a protective effect of being in the medium tertile of dietary fiber density (OR=0.68,Pvalue <0.001) on impaired glucose metabolism. These results indicate a beneficial effect of higher fiber density in children’s diets.

scholarly journals Comparison of Indices of Carbohydrate Quality and Food Sources of Dietary Fiber on Longitudinal Changes in Waist Circumference in the Framingham Offspring Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Caleigh M. Sawicki ◽  
Alice H. Lichtenstein ◽  
Gail T. Rogers ◽  
Paul F. Jacques ◽  
Jiantao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Offspring Cohort ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
Cereal Fiber

The long-term impact of carbohydrate quality on abdominal weight gain is not fully understood. We aimed to examine the prospective relation of a carbohydrate quality index (CQI; defined by four criteria: dietary fiber, glycemic index, whole grain-to-total grain ratio, and solid-to-total carbohydrate ratio), total, cereal grain, vegetable, and fruit fiber, carbohydrate-to-total fiber ratio, and carbohydrate-to-cereal fiber ratio with changes in waist circumference (WC). Subjects were middle-aged to older, mostly white, participants in the Framingham Offspring cohort (n = 3101 subjects), with mean baseline age 54.9 ± 0.2 years (mean ± SE) and body mass index (BMI) 27.2 ± 0.1 kg/m2. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), health, and lifestyle data were collected approximately every four years over a median total follow-up of 18 years. Repeated measure mixed models were used to estimate adjusted mean change in WC per four-year interval across quartiles of carbohydrate variables. In the most adjusted model, a higher CQI was marginally associated with a smaller increase in WC (2.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.1 cm in highest vs. lowest quartile, p-trend = 0.04). Higher ratios of carbohydrate-to-fiber and carbohydrate-to-cereal fiber were associated with greater increases in WC per four-year interval (2.6 ± 0.1 vs. 2.0 ± 0.1 cm, p-trend < 0.001, and 2.5 ± 0.1 vs. 2.1 ± 0.1 cm in highest versus lowest categories, p-trend = 0.007, respectively); whereas higher intake of total fiber (1.8 ± 0.1 vs. 2.7 ± 0.1 cm, p-trend < 0.001), cereal fiber (2.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.5 ± 0.1 cm, p-trend = 0.001), and fruit fiber (2.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.7 ± 0.1 cm, p-trend < 0.001) were associated with smaller increases in WC compared to lower intakes. There was a significant interaction between total fiber and total carbohydrate (as % of total energy intake). After stratification, the association between fiber intake and change in WC was not maintained in the context of a high carbohydrate diet. Better carbohydrate quality, primarily higher fiber intake and lower carbohydrate-to-fiber ratios, may help attenuate increases in abdominal adiposity over time.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber intake and risk of prediabetes in China: results from the TCLSIH Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Shunming Zhang ◽  
Ge Meng ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Zhanxin Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models

Abstract High dietary fiber intake has been associated with a lower risk of diabetes, but the association of dietary fiber with prediabetes is only speculative, especially in China, where the supportive data from prospective studies is lacking. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and risk of incident prediabetes among Chinese adults. We performed a prospective analysis in 18,085 participants of the TCLSIH cohort study who were free of diabetes, prediabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease at baseline. Dietary data were collected using a validated 100-item food frequency questionnaire. Prediabetes was defined based on the American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During 63,175 person-years of follow-up, 4,139 cases of incident prediabetes occurred. The multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of prediabetes for the highest versus lowest quartiles were 0.85 (0.75, 0.98) (P for trend =0.02) for total dietary fiber, 0.84 (0.74, 0.95) (P for trend <0.01) for soluble fiber, and 1.05 (0.93, 1.19) (P for trend =0.38) for insoluble fiber. Fiber from fruits, but not from cereals, beans, and vegetables was inversely associated with prediabetes. Our results indicate that intakes of total dietary fiber, soluble fiber, and fiber derived from fruit sources were associated with a lower risk of prediabetes.

scholarly journals Consumption of Dietary Fiber in Relation to Psychological Disorders in Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faezeh Saghafian ◽  
Nafiseh Sharif ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
High Psychological Distress ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

Background: Previous observational studies suggested a relationship between dietary fiber consumption and mental health, but the findings were conflicting. We evaluated the link between dietary fiber intake and prevalence of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among a large population of Iranian adults.Methods: A cross-sectional study among 3,362 Iranian adults working in 50 health centers was done. Data of dietary intakes were collected through a validated semiquantitative dish-based 106-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress were defined based on the Iranian validated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ).Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the top quartile of total dietary fiber intake had a 33% and 29% lower risk of anxiety and high psychological distress [odds ratio (OR): 0.67; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.95 and OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.94, respectively] compared to the bottom quartile of intake. The highest total dietary fiber intake was also inversely related to a lower risk of depression in women (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.88) but not in men. Among overweight or obese participants, higher intake of dietary fiber was related to a decreased risk of high psychological distress (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.79). A high level of dietary fiber intake was related to a lower risk of anxiety in normal-weight individuals (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.80).Conclusion: Significant inverse associations between total dietary fiber intake with anxiety and high psychological distress were found in Iranian adults. More consumption of dietary fiber was also related to reduced odds of depression in women. More investigations with prospective nature are needed to affirm these findings.

scholarly journals 863 Higher Dietary Fiber Intake is Associated With Lower Risk of Crohn's Disease but Not Ulcerative Colitis - a Prospective Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan ◽  
Hamed Khalili ◽  
Punyanganie S. de Silva ◽  
Joshua R. Korzenik ◽  
Leslie M. Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
A Prospective Study

Beneficial Effect of Dietary Fiber on Hyperuricemia in Rats and Humans: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Koguchi ◽  
Tadahiro Tadokoro
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Concentration

Abstract. Hyperuricemia is recognized as a lifestyle-related disease and the prevalence is increasing in many parts of the world. Excessive intake of purines increases serum uric acid concentration and is thought to be one factor causative of hyperuricemia. Therefore, it is thought that prevention of hyperuricemia by dietary control may be very important. This is an article of our basic research regarding the role of dietary fiber in the suppression of hyperuricemia induced by dietary purines in rats; in addition, clinical research suggesting the possibility that dietary fiber intake has a beneficial effect on the prevention or suppression of hyperuricemia in humans is discussed. Our own studies reveal that the test dietary fiber significantly suppresses the elevation of serum uric acid concentration induced by dietary RNA (12.3–46.2%), adenosine-5′-monophosphate (9.5–23.2%), adenosine (10.7–20.4%), or adenine (16.3–38.9%) and suppresses experimental hyperuricemia in rats. The mechanism is presumed to be mediated by suppression of the digestion and/or absorption of dietary purines by dietary fiber. In clinical studies, intake of dietary fiber decreases serum uric acid concentrations. Reports of recent epidemiological studies indicate that higher levels of hyperuricemia increase the prevalence of its comorbidities (e.g., chronic kidney disease, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease) and dietary fiber intake is associated with significantly lower risk for hyperuricemia and its comorbidities. We wish to emphasize the importance of recognizing the validity of increased dietary fiber intake as a preventive or suppressive method for hyperuricemia and its comorbidities.

scholarly journals Intake of dietary fiber, fruits, and vegetables, and risk of diverticulitis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Ma ◽  
Long H. Nguyen ◽  
Mingyang Song ◽  
Manol Jovani ◽  
Po-Hong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Reduced Risk

ABSTRACTBackground & AimsAlthough low fiber intake has been considered a risk factor for diverticulitis, prospective evidence is limited and conflicting, with little known about variation in the protective effects according to food sources. We assessed the associations of intakes of fiber and major food sources of fiber including fruits and vegetables with risk of diverticulitis.MethodsWe followed 50,019 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (1990-2014) and 48,292 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2014) who were free of diverticulitis, cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease at baseline. Incident diverticulitis was identified through self-report with validity confirmed by review of medical records.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up time of 22 years, we documented 4,343 incident cases of diverticulitis in women and 1,142 cases in men. Compared to participants in the lowest quintile, the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of diverticulitis in the highest quintile of total fiber intake were 0.86 (0.78-0.95; P-trend=0.002) among women and 0.63 (0.51-0.79; P-trend<0.001) among men. Fiber from different food sources, except for vegetable fiber in women, was associated with a decreased risk of diverticulitis. Furthermore, total whole fruit intake was associated with reduced risk of diverticulitis in both cohorts with a multivariable HR for diverticulitis of 0.95 (0.92-0.98; P-trend<0.001) in women and 0.91 (0.86-0.96; P-trend<0.001) in men for every serving increase of total whole fruit intake per day.ConclusionsHigher intake of dietary fiber and fiber from different food sources are associated with a lower risk of diverticulitis. A greater intake of whole fruit is also associated with reduced risk.

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