scholarly journals Genistein Attenuates Vascular Endothelial Impairment in Ovariectomized Hyperhomocysteinemic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan Zhen ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Dandan Hou ◽  
Teng Liu ◽  
Dongqiao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Endothelial Impairment

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a well-known independent risk factor for vascular diseases in the general population. This study was to explore the effect of genistein (GST), a natural bioactive compound derived from legumes, on HHcy-induced vascular endothelial impairment in ovariectomized ratsin vivo. Thirty-two adult female Wistar rats were assigned randomly into four groups (n=8): (a) Con: control; (b) Met: 2.5% methionine diet; (c) OVX + Met: ovariectomy + 2.5% methionine diet; (d) OVX + Met + GST: ovariectomy + 2.5% methionine diet + supplementation with genistein. After 12 wk of different treatment, the rats' blood, toracic aortas and liver samples were collected for analysis. Results showed that high-methionine diet induced both elevation of plasma Hcy and endothelial dysfunction, and ovariectomy deteriorated these injuries. Significant improvement of both functional and morphological changes of vascular endothelium was observed in OVX + Met + GST group; meanwhile the plasma Hcy levels decreased remarkably. There were significant elevations of plasma ET-1 and liver MDA levels in ovariectomized HHcy rats, and supplementation with genistein could attenuate these changes. These results implied that genistein could lower the elevated Hcy levels, and prevent the development of endothelial impairment in ovariectomized HHcy rats. This finding may shed a novel light on the anti-atherogenic activities of genistein in HHcy patients.

scholarly journals Vascular endothelial senescence: from mechanisms to pathophysiology

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge D. Erusalimsky
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Growth Arrest ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Replicative Capacity ◽  
Senescent Phenotype ◽  
Permanent Form

Most mitotically competent mammalian cell types can react to stress by undergoing a phenotypically distinctive and permanent form of growth arrest called “cellular senescence.” This response has been extensively characterized in cell culture and more recently it has been found to occur also in vivo in a number of tissues. In this review I will present the case for the occurrence of senescence in the vascular endothelium. I will also discuss the mechanisms and factors that modulate endothelial cell replicative capacity and the onset of senescence. Finally, I will examine the senescent phenotype and its possible consequences for the development and progression of vascular diseases.

Oral in vivo Bactofection in Dextran Sulfate Sodium Treated Female Wistar Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Pálffy ◽  
Michal Behuliak ◽  
Roman Gardlík ◽  
Peter Jáni ◽  
L'udevít Kádaši ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Estrogen modulates the recruitment of myelopoietic cell progenitors in rat through a stromal cell-independent mechanism involving apoptosis

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 2683-2692 ◽  
Author(s):  
NK Shevde ◽  
JW Pike
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Estrogen Treatment ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Loss of ovarian function leads to a significant increase in the number of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Estrogen replacement is known to manifest bone protective effects in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In the present study, we used ovariectomized rats to examine the effects of estrogen loss at the osteoclast progenitor colony forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) level. A significant increase in CFU-GM number was observed as early as 7 days following ovariectomy, and correlated directly with an increase in the number of osteoclast-like cells generated in marrow cultures. The increase in CFU-GM following ovariectomy was abrogated in animals that received estrogen treatment in vivo. A similar suppressive effect was observed on CFU-GM number when ovariectomized rat marrow was treated with estrogen in vitro. This effect was blocked in the presence of the estrogen antihormone ICI 164,384. Thus, the data suggest the possibility that estrogen exerts a direct effect on osteoclast progenitors, and does so through the estrogen receptor-mediated mechanism. Ovariectomy also led to an increase in the early hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell population (Thy 1.1+ cells) as determined by FLOW cytometry methods. Morphological changes as well as terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase assays revealed that estrogen treatment negated growth factor-induced proliferation of these early progenitors by promoting apoptosis. The cellular effects of estrogen in vitro together with the immunocytochemical detection of the estrogen receptor in these cells, strongly support the contention that in addition to osteoclast progenitors such as CFU-GM, earlier hematopoietic progenitors are also unique cellular targets for estrogen action.

Effects of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) on oxidative stress and inflammation in ovariectomized adult female Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 4036-4045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Pereira da Silva ◽  
Renata Celi Lopes Toledo ◽  
Marcella Duarte Villas Mishima ◽  
Maria Eliza de Castro Moreira ◽  
Christiane Mileib Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Salvia Hispanica ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Salvia Hispanica L

The study investigated the influence of chia consumption on inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid profiles in female ovariectomized rats fed a high-fat diet.

scholarly journals Combination of nanosomal form of doxorubicin, interferon alpha, and nitroglycerin in the threatment of 101.8 glioblastoma in Wistar rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 66 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
V. V. Kudelkina ◽  
A. S. Khalansky ◽  
A. I. Alekseeva ◽  
P. L. Gorelikov ◽  
A. M. Kosyreva
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Median Lifespan ◽  
C6 Cell Line ◽  
Rat C6 Glioma

The search for effective approaches to the treatment of patients with glioblastoma is one of the difficult tasks of neurooncology; standard methods of therapy show limited results. Combined therapy, which includes different antitumor mechanisms, can increase its effectiveness. The combination of PLGA nanoform of doxorubicin (Dox-PLGA), antitumor cytokine — interferon alfa (IFN-α), and nitrogen oxide (NO) donor nitroglycerin (NG) was investigated in this work both in vitro (rat C6 glioma) and in vivo (rat 101.8 glioblastoma). MTT assay in the C6 cell line showed great cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effect of the combination of IFN-α with Dox-PLGA and NG. The lowest tumour cell survival was observed when using a high dose of IFN-α (10 ng/ml) in mono-mode. In the in vivo experiment, 32 female Wistar rats with 101.8 glioblastoma received therapy in the following modes: Dox-PLGA + NG; Dox-PLGA + IFN-α; Dox- PLGA + IFN-α + NG. There was a significant increase in median survival and life expectancy (ILE) in all groups receiving therapy compared to the group that did not undergo treatment. The longest median lifespan (27 days), survival up to 100 days (1 animal), ILE (131%) were observed in animals that received the combination Dox-PLGA + IFN-α+ NG, compared to the group without treatment, in which the median lifespan was 15 days. Thus, the therapy of experimental glioblastoma both in vivo and in vitro with the combination of Dox-PLGA + IFN-α + NG has the most pronounced therapeutic and antitumor effect, which must be taken into account when developing new more effective methods of treating human glioblastomas.

scholarly journals Effect of Reoxygenation on the Electrical Stability of the Rat Heart In Vivo: A Chronobiological Study

2013 ◽  
pp. S143-S149
Author(s):  
P. ŠVORC ◽  
A. MAROSSY ◽  
P. ŠVORC ◽  
M. BUŽGA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Electrical Stability ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Light:Dark Cycle

Reoxygenation following hypoxic episodes can increase the risk for the development of ventricular arrhythmias, which, in addition to circadian aspects of reoxygenation arrhythmias has not been studied extensively. The aim of the present study was to evaluate circadian changes in the electrical stability of the rat heart during reoxygenation following a hypoventilatory episode. The electrical stability of the heart, defined in the present study as the ventricular arrhythmia threshold (VAT), was measured at 3 h intervals at clock times 09:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00, 24:00, 03:00, 06:00 and 09:00 during 20 min hypoventilation (20 breaths/min, tidal volume = 0.5 ml/100 g body weight [n=17]) and subsequent 20 min reoxygenation (50 breaths/min, tidal volume = 1 ml/100 g body weight [n=4]) intervals. The experiments were performed using pentobarbital-anesthetized (40 mg/kg intraperitoneally) female Wistar rats that first underwent a four-week adaptation to a 12 h light:12 h dark regimen. Detailed analysis showed that circadian VATs changed to biphasic rhythms at 10 min of hypoventilation. The VAT circadian rhythms were observed immediately following the commencement of reoxygenation, with the highest values measured between 12:00 and 15:00, and the lowest values between 24:00 and 03:00. These results suggest that myocardial vulnerability is dependent on the light:dark cycle and characteristics of pulmonary ventilation.

Expression, localization, and regulation of aquaporin-1 to -3 in rat urothelia

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (6) ◽  
pp. F1034-F1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Spector ◽  
James B. Wade ◽  
Russell Dillow ◽  
Deborah A. Steplock ◽  
Edward J. Weinman
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cell Cytoplasm ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Although mammalian urothelia are generally considered impermeable to constituents of urine, in vivo studies in several species indicate urothelial transport of water and solutes under certain conditions. This study investigates the expression, localization, and regulation of aquaporin (AQP)-1, -2, and -3 in ureteral and bladder tissues in 48-h dehydrated and water-loaded female Wistar rats. Immunoblots of homogenates of whole ureter and bladder identified characteristic ∼28- and 35- to 44-kDa bands for AQP-1, -2, and -3. AQP-1 was localized to capillary and arteriole endothelial cells, whereas AQP-2 and -3 circumferentially lined the epithelial cell membranes except for the apical membrane of the epithelial cells adjacent to the lumens of both ureter and bladder. AQP-2 was also present in epithelial cell cytoplasm. Dehydration resulted in 160–200% increases of AQP-3 signal and 24–49% increases of AQP-2 signal but no change in AQP-1 signal on immunoblots of homogenates of ureters and bladders. AQPs in genitourinary tract urothelia likely play a role in the regulation of epithelial cell volume and osmolality and may play a role in bulk water movement across urothelia.

Abstract 220: Exercise Training Attenuates Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in Old Fructose-fed Ovariectomized Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline F Machi ◽  
Nathalia Bernardes ◽  
Daniele S Dias ◽  
Ivana C Moraes-Silva ◽  
Fernando Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Ovarian Hormone ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Hormone Deprivation

Menopause and aging are associated with a gradual increase in systolic blood pressure. Poor eating habits through food containing fructose, have also been related to alterations in the cardiovascular system; however, there are few studies available in the literature relating exercise training (ET), menopause, aging and metabolic syndrome. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ET in ovarian hormone deprivation and/or fructose consumption in old Wistar rats. Female Wistar rats (24 months old) were ovariectomized, fed with fructose (100g/L in drinking water) or normal water, and submitted to an ET protocol in treadmill (1 h/day; 5 days/wk for 8 wk, ~ 40-60% of maximum test) or kept sedentary. The groups were: ovariectomized (O, n= 8), ovariectomized trained (OT, n= 8), ovariectomized fructose (OF, n= 8) and ovariectomized fructose trained (OFT, n= 8). Glycemia, triglycerides, adipose tissue, insulin resistance, physical capacity and blood pressure (BP) were evaluated at the end of the protocol. While the glycemia values remained within the normal range (O:90.1±7.; OT:85.2±2; OF:86±2; OFT:80.6±3 mg/dl) and the triglycerides values were increased in OF group (OF:182±20 vs. O:140.3±9; OT:143.5±7;; OFT:140 ±12 mg/dl). The physical capacity was increased in both OFT (1.8±0.1 Km/h) and OF (1.6±0.07 Km/h) when compared with sedentary peers (O:1.1±0.05; OF: 1.1±0.05 Km/h). The metabolic results showed that ET decreased the adipose tissue in (OT: 6.7±0.9 and OFT: 5.28±0.6 vs. OF: 10.07±0.6 g), and insulin resistance (OT:4.8±0.2 and OFT: 5.0±0.2 vs. OF: 3.2±0.6 mg/dl/%). No differences were observed in O group (O: 6.5±0.8g and 4.5±0.2 mg/dl/min). Finally, ET attenuated the increase in mean BP in both OT and OFT rats (O:119±2; OT 110±2; OF:119±2; OFT: 107±1 mmHg). The same behavior was observed in systolic BP (O:142±2; OT 127±2; OF:143±2; OFT: 129±1 mmHg) and diastolic BP (O:100±2; OT 92±2; OF:98±2; OFT: 89±1 mmHg). In conclusion, low to moderate aerobic ET can attenuate the deleterious effects of ovarian hormone deprivation, and/or fructose consumption, especially the blood pressure increase in old female Wistar rats.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMBINATIONS OF CALCITRIOL AND ETHYNIL ETHYL ESTRADIOL TO DECREASE OSTEOPOROSIS AND ENDOMETRIAL CANCER RISKS IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartiningsih Hartiningsih ◽  
Devita Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Cancer Risks ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain

The objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of calcitriol and ethynil ethyl estradiol combinations to decrease osteoporosis and endometrial cancer risks in ovariectomized Wistar rats. Twenty five 8-week old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (normal controlled rats/NK, ovariectomized rats/OVK, ovariectomized rats + calcitriol supplementation/OVD, ovariectomized rats + ethynil ethyl estradiol supplementation/OVE, and ovariectomized rats + calcitriol + ethynil ethyl estradiol supplementation/OVDE). At the end of the study, all rats were weighed and euthanized with 10% ketamine and 2% xylazine. Uterus and left femur were taken and fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution for histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Uterus was weighed before the fixation. The results showed that the percentage of uterus weight in OVK was significantly decreased compared to NK. Meanwhile, the percentage of uterus weight in OVDE was significantly increased compared to OVK. Histopathological features of the uterus in OVK were atrophy, reduction of myometrial and endometrial layers thickness, and formation of cuboidal epithelium in the endometrial lumen. However, the thickness of myometrial and endometrial layers in OVDE were increased, and its endometrial lumen was lined with metaplastic and hyperplastic squamous cell. Histopathological features of distal femur epiphysis in OVK ras showed fewer trabecular spiculums and more adipocyte in the bone marrow compared to NK. However, OVDE had more trabecular bone spiculum and less adipocyte in the bone marrow compared to OVK. In conclusion, the combination of calcitriol and ethynil ethyl estradiol supplementation could reduce osteoporosis, but increased the endometrial cancer risk in ovariectomized Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Curcumin Supplementation Decreases Intestinal Adiposity Accumulation, Serum Cholesterol Alterations, and Oxidative Stress in Ovariectomized Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurilio da Silva Morrone ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Schnorr ◽  
Guilherme Antônio Behr ◽  
Juciano Gasparotto ◽  
Rafael Calixto Bortolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hormone Deprivation

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of curcumin oral supplementation (50 and 100 mg/Kg/day, for 30 days) in circumventing menopause-associated oxidative stress and lipid profile dysfunctions in a rat ovariectomy (OVX) model. Female Wistar rats were operated and randomly divided into either sham-operated or OVX groups. Sham-operated group (n=8) and one OVX group (n=11) were treated with vehicle (refined olive oil), and the other two OVX groups received curcumin at 50 or 100 mg/Kg/day doses (n=8/group). OVX vehicle-treated animals presented a higher deposition of intestinal adipose tissue as well as increased serum levels of IL-6, LDL, and total cholesterol when compared to sham-operated rats. In addition, several oxidative stress markers in serum, blood, and liver (such as TBARS, carbonyl, reduced-sulphydryl, and nonenzymatic antioxidant defenses) were altered toward a prooxidant status by OVX. Interestingly, curcumin supplementation attenuated most of these parameters to sham comparable values. Thus, the herein presented results show that curcumin may be useful to ameliorate lipid metabolism alterations and oxidative damage associated with hormone deprivation in menopause.

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