scholarly journals Determining Surgical Candidacy in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Mansouri ◽  
Aria Fallah ◽  
Taufik A. Valiante
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Seizure Outcome

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of adult epilepsy that is amenable to surgical treatment. In the carefully selected patient, excellent seizure outcome can be achieved with minimal or no side effects from surgery. This may result in improved psychosocial functioning, achieving higher education, and maintaining or gaining employment. The objective of this paper is to discuss the surgical selection process of a patient with TLE. We define what constitutes a patient that has medically refractory TLE, describe the typical history and physical examination, and distinguish between mesial TLE and neocortical TLE. We then review the role of routine (ambulatory/sleep-deprived electroencephalography (EEG), video EEG, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neuropsychological testing, and Wada testing) and ancillary preoperative testing (positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), subtraction ictal SPECT correlated to MRI (SISCOM), magnetoencephalography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional MRI) in selecting surgical candidates. We describe the surgical options for resective epilepsy surgery in TLE and its commonly associated risks while highlighting some of the controversies. Lastly, we present teaching cases to illustrate the presurgical workup of patients with medically refractory TLE.

Neuroimaging in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard J. Muro ◽  
John P. Karis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Positron Emission

AbstractVarious neuroimaging modalities are available for evaluating patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). All patients considering surgery should undergo magnetic resonance imaging, which is valuable in the detection and characterization of lesions, particularly mesial temporal sclerosis, the most common abnormality in TLE. A localized seizure focus is predictive of successful surgical outcome. Complimentary neuroimaging studies include positron emission tomography, single-photon emission tomography, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

The Role of Neuroimaging in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Depressive Disorder: A Recent Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 2515-2523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianbin Song ◽  
Xiaowei Han ◽  
Lei Du ◽  
Jing Che ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy

Depression is a mental disorder with serious negative health outcomes. Its main clinical manifestations are depressed mood, slow thinking, loss of interest, and lack of energy. The rising incidence of depression has a major impact on patients and their families and imposes a substantial burden on society. With the rapid development of imaging technology in recent years, researchers have studied depression from different perspectives, including molecular, functional, and structural imaging. Many studies have revealed changes in structure, function, and metabolism in various brain regions in patients with depressive disorder. In this review, we summarize relevant studies of depression, including investigations using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (task-state fMRI and resting-state fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), brain network and molecular imaging (positron emission tomography [PET] and single photon emission computed tomography [SPECT]), which have contributed to our understanding of the etiology, neuropathology, and pathogenesis of depressive disorder.

Mesial Temporal Glioma

2019 ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
Gerry Grant
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Seizure Outcome ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Dystonic Posturing ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Temporal Lobe Seizure

A patient with classic temporal lobe seizure semiology may present with aura, automatisms, and dystonic posturing. Video-electroencephalography (EEG) may identify the ictal onset and magnetoencephalography may further elucidate the anatomy of a temporal lobe abnormality, EEG dipoles, epileptogenic spike sources, and eloquent areas of language or motor function. Structural imaging of the temporal lobe with magnet resonance imaging (MRI) should also be obtained, as well as functional and metabolic imaging such as a subtraction single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and interictal positron emission tomography (PET). Early surgery should be considered in pediatric patients for seizure control, to minimize the adverse effects of anti-epileptic drugs, maximize the child’s developmental potential, and reduce behavioral, cognitive and psychosocial problems. Intraoperative stereotactic navigation and electrocorticography (ECoG) can guide resection. Careful pre-operative planning for correct extent of surgery is key to the best possible seizure outcome.

scholarly journals MODERN METHODS OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING OF GLIOMAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
N. A. Kostenikov ◽  
A. V. Pozdnyakov ◽  
V. F. Dubrovskaya ◽  
O. Yu. Mirolyubova ◽  
Yu. R. Ilyushchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Positron Emission

The review presents an analysis of the literature on the diagnosis of gliomas and the study of their structural and biological features based on implementation of new techniques in clinical practice of diagnostic imaging. These techniques include perfusion technologies for multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET) with various radiopharmaceuticals (RPHs), first and foremost, labeled amino acids, such as11C-L-methionine and18F-Fluoroethyltyrosine. There is presented that with the application of these two methods (MRI and PET), the most important biochemical processes underlying oncogenesis of malignant tumors might be studied by non-invasive way. The obtained data can be crucial for an early detection of tumor lesions, staging the pathological process, rationale for therapeutic tactics, personalization of treatment, evaluation of the efficiency of therapy at early stages and prognosis of the disease result.

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