scholarly journals ESBLs: A Clear and Present Danger?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi H.-P. Dhillon ◽  
John Clark
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Clear And Present Danger

Extended spectrumβ-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes produced by a variety of Gram negative bacteria which confer an increased resistance to commonly used antibiotics. They are a worrying global public health issue as infections caused by such enzyme-producing organisms are associated with a higher morbidity and mortality and greater fiscal burden. Coupled with increasing prevalence rates worldwide and an ever diminishing supply in the antibiotic armamentarium, these enzymes represent a clear and present danger to public health. This article aims to give an overview of the current situation regarding ESBLs, with a focus on the epidemiology and management of such infections.

scholarly journals A novel chemical biology and computational approach to expedite the discovery of new-generation polymyxins against life-threatening Acinetobacter baumannii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xukai Jiang ◽  
Nitin A. Patil ◽  
Mohammad A. K. Azad ◽  
Hasini Wickremasinghe ◽  
Heidi Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chemical Biology ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Novel Antibiotics

Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria have been an urgent threat to global public health. Novel antibiotics are desperately needed to combat these 'superbugs'.

scholarly journals Firearm violence: a neglected “Global Health” issue

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Werbick ◽  
Imran Bari ◽  
Nino Paichadze ◽  
Adnan A. Hyder
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Firearm Violence ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPopulations around the world are facing an increasing burden of firearm violence on mortality and disability. While firearm violence affects every country globally, the burden is significantly higher in many low- and middle-income countries. However, despite overwhelming statistics, there is a lack of research, reporting, and prioritization of firearm violence as a global public health issue, and when attention is given it is focused on high-income countries. This paper discusses the impact of firearm violence, the factors which shape such violence, and how it fits into global public health frameworks in order to illustrate how firearm violence is a global health issue which warrants evidence-based advocacy around the world.

Development and transmission of antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative bacteria in animals and their public health impact

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shewli Mukerji ◽  
Mark O’Dea ◽  
Mary Barton ◽  
Roy Kirkwood ◽  
Terence Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Life Threatening

Gram-negative bacteria are known to cause severe infections in both humans and animals. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Gram-negative bacteria is a major challenge in the treatment of clinical infections globally due to the propensity of these organisms to rapidly develop resistance against antimicrobials in use. In addition, Gram-negative bacteria possess highly efficient mechanisms through which the AMR can be disseminated between pathogenic and commensal bacteria of the same or different species. These unique traits of Gram-negative bacteria have resulted in evolution of Gram-negative bacterial strains demonstrating resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials. The evergrowing resistance issue has not only resulted in limitation of treatment options but also led to increased treatment costs and mortality rates in humans and animals. With few or no new antimicrobials in production to combat severe life-threatening infections, AMR has been described as the one of the most severe, long-term threats to human health. Aside from overuse and misuse of antimicrobials in humans, another factor that has exacerbated the emergence of AMR in Gram-negative bacteria is the veterinary use of antimicrobials that belong to the same classes considered to be critically important for treating serious life-threatening infections in humans. Despite the fact that development of AMR dates back to before the introduction of antimicrobials, the recent surge in the resistance towards all available critically important antimicrobials has emerged as a major public health issue. This review thus focuses on discussing the development, transmission and public health impact of AMR in Gram-negative bacteria in animals.

The Relationships Between Personality Traits and Public Stigma Attached to Families Bereaved Due To Suicide

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110291
Author(s):  
Michael Weinberg ◽  
Michal Soffer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Big 5 ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship

Suicide is a serious global public-health issue that is perceived as the most stigmatizing of sudden losses. Most studies on this topic have examined how bereaved families perceive public stigma, paying less attention to the actual stigma experienced by those not directly bereaved. Therefore, this study examined the association between personality traits and the public stigma attached to families that have lost a member to suicide. Three hundred and eighty ( N = 380) Israeli participants completed demographic, Big 5, and stigma questionnaires. The study findings demonstrate that neuroticism and openness to experience are associated with higher levels of public stigma, while conscientiousness is associated with lower levels of public stigma. In addition, Arab participants reported higher levels of public stigma than Jewish participants. These findings make an important contribution to our understanding of the relationship between personality traits and the public stigma attached to families that have lost a member to suicide.

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