scholarly journals Dopamine Agonists and Pathologic Behaviors

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan J. Kelley ◽  
Andrew P. Duker ◽  
Peter Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Agonists ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
D3 Receptor ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Specific Affinity ◽  
Pathologic Gambling

The dopamine agonists ropinirole and pramipexole exhibit highly specific affinity for the cerebral dopamine D3 receptor. Use of these medications in Parkinson’s disease has been complicated by the emergence of pathologic behavioral patterns such as hypersexuality, pathologic gambling, excessive hobbying, and other circumscribed obsessive-compulsive disorders of impulse control in people having no history of such disorders. These behavioral changes typically remit following discontinuation of the medication, further demonstrating a causal relationship. Expression of the D3 receptor is particularly rich within the limbic system, where it plays an important role in modulating the physiologic and emotional experience of novelty, reward, and risk assessment. Converging neuroanatomical, physiological, and behavioral science data suggest the high D3 affinity of these medications as the basis for these behavioral changes. These observations suggest the D3 receptor as a therapeutic target for obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance abuse, and improved understanding of D3 receptor function may aid drug design of future atypical antipsychotics.

Lack of association between obsessive-compulsive disorder and the dopamine D3 receptor gene: Some preliminary considerations

1994 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Catalano ◽  
Gabriella Sciuto ◽  
Daniela Di Bella ◽  
Emanuela Novelli ◽  
Maria Nobile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Dopamine D3 Receptor ◽  
D3 Receptor ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Dopamine D3

OC Spectrum Disorders: The Impulsive and Schizo-Obsessive Clusters

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (S3) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Eric Hollander ◽  
Jennifer Rosen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Intermittent Explosive Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Impulsive Aggression ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Pathologic Gambling

AbstractTwo symptom clusters within the obsessive-compulsive (OC) spectrum—the impulsive cluster and the schizo-obsessive cluster—are discussed in this paper. Disorders characterized by impulsivity include disorders of impulse control (eg, intermittent explosive disorder, pyromania, kleptomania, pathologic gambling, trichotillomania); paraphilias, sexual impulsions, and sexual addictions; and impulsive aggression personality disorders (eg, borderline, antisocial, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders). The schizo-obsessive cluster includes comorbid symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia. Both clusters of disorders have a substantial impact on individuals and society. This article examines the overlap of symptoms between OCD and OC spectrum disorders, along with possible treatment options. Studies on the effectiveness of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treating pathologic gambling, compulsive buying, and comorbid OCD and schizophrenia are presented. The need for additional large scale, adequately-controlled studies is discussed.

scholarly journals Psychological profile of pet owners in Isfahan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. e179974
Author(s):  
Negin Rahmani ◽  
Amin Barazandeh ◽  
Seyedeh Samaneh Sepehrtaj
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Corrective Emotional Experience ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Pet Owner

This study aimed to compare the psychological profile of pet owners with the ones who didn’t own any pets. The research method was a casual-comparative study. Pet owners and people without pets were included in this research which was done in Iran in February 2017. One hundred and sixty people were selected in this sample in a nonrandom available sampling method and matched in terms of demographic characteristics. Eighty people, pet owners, were referred to the veterinary clinics and 80 didn’t own any pets. They were assessed by a psychological signs inventory. The result of ANOVA indicated that pet owners and those without any pets were indifferent in the characteristics of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, hostility, paranoid, interpersonal sensitivity, and psychosis, while those without any pets, statistically had a higher average in somatization and depression than the pet owners and it could be justified by corrective emotional experience, displacement, and sublimation in the pet owner. This statistic can be based on the fact that pet owners use these animals as an object for thrilling topics which is a factor to decrease their psychological stress and increase their physical health.

Why Can’t I Stop Thinking About It?

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique C. Pfaltz ◽  
Beatrice Mörstedt ◽  
Andrea H. Meyer ◽  
Frank H. Wilhelm ◽  
Joe Kossowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thought Suppression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Vulnerability Factor ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Maladaptive Thought ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe anxiety disorder characterized by frequent obsessive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Neuroticism is a vulnerability factor for OCD, yet the mechanisms by which this general vulnerability factor affects the development of OCD-related symptoms are unknown. The present study assessed a hierarchical model of the development of obsessive thoughts that includes neuroticism as a general, higher-order factor, and specific, potentially maladaptive thought processes (thought suppression, worry, and brooding) as second-order factors manifesting in the tendency toward obsessing. A total of 238 participants completed questionnaires assessing the examined constructs. The results of mediator analyses demonstrated the hypothesized relationships: A positive association between neuroticism and obsessing was mediated by thought suppression, worry, and brooding. Independent of the participant’s sex, all three mediators contributed equally and substantially to the association between neuroticism and obsessing. These findings extend earlier research on hierarchical models of anxiety and provide a basis for further refinement of models of the development of obsessive thoughts.

Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory – Child Version (OCI-CV) in General Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tíscar Rodríguez-Jiménez ◽  
Antonio Godoy ◽  
José A. Piqueras ◽  
Aurora Gavino ◽  
Agustín E. Martínez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
General Populations ◽  
Report Measure

Abstract. Evidence-based assessment is necessary as a first step for developing psychopathological studies and assessing the effectiveness of empirically validated treatments. There are several measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or symptomatology in children and adolescents, but all of them present some limitations. The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) by Foa and her colleagues has showed to be a good self-report measure to capture the dimensionality of OCD in adults and adolescents. The child version of the OCI (OCI-CV) was validated for clinical children and adolescents in 2010, showing excellent psychometric properties. The objective of this study was to examine the factor structure and invariance of the OCI-CV in the general population. Results showed a six-factor structure with one second-order factor, good consistency values, and invariance across region, age, and sex. The OCI-CV is an excellent inventory for assessing the dimensions of OCD symptomatology in general populations of children and adolescents. The invariance across sex and age warrants its utilization for research purposes.

Structured Interview for Hoarding Disorder (SIHD)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-520
Author(s):  
Caterina Novara ◽  
Paolo Cavedini ◽  
Stella Dorz ◽  
Susanna Pardini ◽  
Claudio Sica
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Hoarding Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum

Abstract. The Structured Interview for Hoarding Disorder (SIHD) is a semi-structured interview designed to assist clinicians in diagnosing a hoarding disorder (HD). This study aimed to validate the Italian version of the SIHD. For this purpose, its inter-rater reliability has been analyzed as well as its ability to differentiate HD from other disorders often comorbid. The sample was composed of 74 inpatients who had been diagnosed within their clinical environment: 9 with HD, 11 with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and HD, 22 with OCD, 19 with major depressive disorder (MDD), and 13 with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). The results obtained indicated “substantial” or “perfect” inter-rater reliability for all the core HD criteria, HD diagnosis, and specifiers. The SIHD differentiated between subjects suffering from and not suffering from a HD. Finally, the results indicated “good” convergent validity and high scores were shown in terms of both sensitivity and specificity for HD diagnosis. Altogether, the SIHD represents a useful instrument for evaluating the presence of HD and is a helpful tool for the clinician during the diagnostic process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document