scholarly journals Rainfall and Elevation Influence the Local-Scale Distribution of Tree Community in the Southern Region of Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot (India)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijo Joseph ◽  
K. Anitha ◽  
V. K. Srivastava ◽  
Ch. Sudhakar Reddy ◽  
A. P. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Regression Technique ◽  
Environmental Correlate ◽  
Backward Elimination ◽  
Tree Communities

The present study characterises the tree communities with respect to topographic and climatic variables and identifies the most important environmental correlate of species richness in the southern region of Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot, India. Digitally derived environmental variables in combination with tree species richness information were analysed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) to characterise the communities. Multiple regression technique based on stepwise backward elimination was used to identify the most important environment correlate of species richness. Canonical correspondence analysis results in six major tree communities along the first and second axes. Rainfall is the dominant environmental gradient influencing vegetation patterns on the first CCA axis while elevation showed the highest correlation with the second CCA axis. Backward elimination regression technique yielded rainfall as the most important environmental correlate of species richness. Results were in agreement with the observations in the Neotropics that rainier areas maintain high species diversity.

Leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) in the Experimental Lakes Area, Northwestern Ontario, Canada: Patterns of Species Composition in Relation to Environment

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1600-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Grantham ◽  
Brenda J. Hann
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Experimental Lakes Area ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Northwestern Ontario

Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to examine the distribution of leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) in 18 lakes at the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA). Leech community composition was best described by an ordination incorporating alkalinity, primary productivity, and lake area. In general, highest species richness occurred in small, eutrophic lakes whereas lowest richness was recorded in medium to large lakes with low productivity. Contrary to results for some other taxa, lake pH was not a dominant variable, describing only a small amount of variance in the species–environment relationship.

scholarly journals Predicting climate effects on aquatic true bugs in a tropical biodiversity hotspot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundar Shunmuga Velayutham ◽  
Daniel Paiva Silva ◽  
Fabio de Oliveira Roque ◽  
Juliana Simião Ferreira ◽  
Jani Heino
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
True Bugs ◽  
Thermal Range ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
The Western Ghats

Abstract Climate change is a matter of worldwide concern with severe predicted impacts on biodiversity. Here, we analysed the potential impacts of current and future climates on aquatic true bugs (Heteroptera) in relation to their distribution patterns and ecological preferences (based on a database generated from existing literature references and field collections). We considered the traits as ‘species thermal range’ and ‘emergence period’ to evaluate the future climate change impacts on the distributions of aquatic true bugs in the riverine regions of a tropical biodiversity hotspot, the Western Ghats of India. We used Species Distribution Models (SDMs) to evaluate the potential impacts of climate change on the distributions of aquatic true bugs. We modelled the distributions of twenty-six species of aquatic true bugs using different modelling tools through a carefully examined set of occurrence records to generate potential present distributions and to project these distributions into future scenarios of climate change. We observed increasing/decreasing range sizes of the species in the current and future scenarios. We found losses and increases of species' ranges in some regions, but not much variation in species richness. Similarly, no significant effect was observed in the distribution ranges for species with different duration of emergence period and thermal range in current and future climatic scenarios. Losses and gains in species richness would be concentrated in the mountainous area of the Western Ghats, whereas loss of species and the bigger difference between current and future richness will occur in the adjacent lowlands and towards central regions, including the network of protected areas of the Western Ghats. These areas are critical to buffer regional species loss in the future.

scholarly journals Do Shapes of Elevational Gradients of Species Richness Depend on the Vertical Range Studied? The Case of the Himalayas

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatishwor Singh Irungbam ◽  
Alena Bartoňová Sucháčková ◽  
Martin Konvička ◽  
Zdenek Faltýnek Fric
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Elevational Gradients ◽  
Elevation Range ◽  
Vertical Range ◽  
Maximum Elevation ◽  
Elevational Range

Abstract We retrieved shapes of elevational species richness gradients (unimodal, decreasing, increasing) from 64 publications, studying Himalayan elevation patterns. We covered both plants and animals, and tested the hypothesis that unimodal gradients, explicable by the geometric mid-domain effect, prevail in the mountains, whereas decreasing or increasing gradients result from studying only short sections of entire altitudinal ranges. Multivariate canonical correspondence analysis was used to relate gradient shapes to their altitude ranges, geography positions, and taxa studied. Across taxa, most of the Himalayan altitudinal gradient display a unimodal shape, with a peak of diversity situated at ca 2500 m a.s.l. for plants, and 2200 m a.s.l. for animals. The gradient shapes were attributable to three intercorrelated predictors: vertical range, maximum elevation, and mean elevation of the gradients. Studies covering sufficiently broad altitudinal range returned unimodal gradients. Studies from the Earth’s highest mountain range reveal that surveys covering substantial parts of the elevational range of the mountains result in unimodal elevational gradients, whereas declining or increasing species richness gradients result from incomplete elevation range sampling.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Distribution of dragonflies (Odonata: Insecta) in South Ural lakes, Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRINA V. MASHKOVA ◽  
TATYANA G. KRUPNOVA ◽  
ANASTASIYA M. KOSTRYUKOVA ◽  
NIKITA E. VLASOV
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Jaccard Index ◽  
South Urals ◽  
The South ◽  
Number Of Species

Mashkova IV, Krupnova TG, Kostryukova AM, Vlasov NE. 2018. Short Communication: Distribution of dragonflies (Odonata: Insecta) in South Ural lakes, Russia. Biodiversitas 19: 202-207. This paper studies the diversity and distribution of Odonata (Insecta) in the South Urals region lakes such as Lake Large Miassovo, Lake Small Miassovo, Lake Ilmenskoe, Lake Savelkul and Lake Baraus. We revised dragonflies in five lakes during May-September 2014-2016. Dragonflies and larvae were identified up to the species. As results, 36 species (12 Zygoptera and 22 Anisoptera) belonging to 15 genera were recorded. To compare the similarities of dragonfly communities of different lakes we used the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) according the Jaccard index. Comparing the number of records of odonate species for selected lakes in our study, we found that the small richness of species was typical for lakes Savelkul and Baraus (22% and 25% of the total number of species, respectively) and the large values of the species richness was obtained for lakes Small Miassovo, Ilmenskoe and Large Miassovo (50%, 72%% and 80% of the total number of species, respectively).

scholarly journals Low mammalian species richness is associated with Kyasanur forest disease outbreak risk in deforested landscapes in the Western Ghats, India

One Health ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100299
Author(s):  
Michael G. Walsh ◽  
Rashmi Bhat ◽  
Venkatesh Nagarajan-Radha ◽  
Prakash Narayanan ◽  
Navya Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Forest Disease ◽  
Kyasanur Forest Disease ◽  
The Western Ghats

Seasonality in a taxocoenosis of molluscs from soft bottoms in the Bay of Cádiz (southern Spain)

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. Rueda ◽  
Manuel Fernández-Casado ◽  
Carmen Salas ◽  
Serge Gofas
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Soft Bottoms ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Bay Of Cadiz ◽  
Bay Of Cádiz ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The macrofauna of molluscs associated with soft bottoms in the Bay of Cádiz (southern Spain) was studied monthly from February 1994 to January 1996. The number of species (63) is high for a soft bottom and is related to environmental characteristics (growth of macrophytes) and the biogeographical setting of the studied area. Corbula gibba (∼90%) was the dominant species in this taxocoenosis together with the gastropod Nassarius pygmaeus and the bivalves Pandora inaequivalvis, Parvicardium exiguum and Macoma melo. The most frequent species during the two years was also the bivalve Corbula gibba (100%) followed by the gastropods Nassarius pygmaeus, Tricolia tenuis, Rissoa membranacea and the bivalve Macoma melo. Total abundance of the taxocoenosis in both years reached higher values in spring. The dynamics of the ecological indices such as diversity or evenness, and the species richness showed a similar pattern in both years, with low values of diversity and evenness together with high species richness in spring and summer months and the reverse in autumn and winter. The qualitative correspondence analysis of monthly samples shows an ordination related to seasonality in both studied years, however the values of Jaccard's coefficient do not indicate significant boundaries among the monthly samples. The quantitative correspondence analysis shows an ordination and grouping of samples related to the biology of species, particularly with the recruitment of C. gibba, the dominant species. The existence of similar trends in the structure of the taxocoenoses over both years, and the seasonality highlighted by the qualitative correspondence analysis, seems to indicate a certain stability of the ecosystem.

Palm house – biodiversity hotspot or risk of invasion? Aquatic invertebrates: The special case of Monogononta (Rotifera) under greenhouse conditions

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kolicka ◽  
Marcin Krzysztof Dziuba ◽  
Krzysztof Zawierucha ◽  
Natalia Kuczyńska–Kippen ◽  
Lech Kotwicki
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New Species ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Invertebrates ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Mesocyclops Leuckarti ◽  
Euchlanis Dilatata ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Stable Populations

AbstractGreenhouses form favourable conditions for establishing stable populations of native as well as invasive alien microinvertebrates. Investigations of palm houses have a long tradition and native, alien and new species for science have been found in many of them. The examined pond and some microreservoirs in Bromeliaceae and Agavoideae in Pozna´n Palm House (Poland) sampled in 2012, appeared to contain representatives of Rotifera (64 species), Copepoda (2 species), Polychaeta, Acari and Insecta larvae. The most abundant Rotifera species were: Anuraeopsis fissa Gosse, 1851, Ascomorpha ecaudis Perty 1850, Euchlanis dilatata Ehrenberg, 1832, Pompholyx sulcata Hudson, 1885 and Trichocerca rousseleti Voight, 1902. Moreover, rotifers considered to be rare in Poland, i.e., Asplanchna herricki De Guerne, 1888, Collotheca pelagica Rousselet, 1893, Colurella sulcata Stenroos, 1898, Gastropus minor Rousselet, 1892 were also detected in Pozna´n Palm House. Two recorded Copepoda species were Phyllognathopus viguieri (Maupas, 1892) found in agave microreservoirs and Mesocyclops leuckarti (Claus, 1857) found in reservoir with aquatic plants. For biodiversity evaluation of rotifers Margalef’s and Shannon-Wiener’s indexes were used and in order to determine species richness the Simpson index was calculated. Additionally, a complete list of all aquatic invertebrates is presented, i.e., Plathelmintes (11 species), Nemeretea (2 species), Oligochatea (13 taxa), Polychaeta (7 species), Gastrotricha (13 taxa) and Copepoda (1 species) previously recorded in Pozna´n Palm House. To sum up, Palm houses create a convenient habitat for a prevalence of native and introduced invertebrates and are a putative source of alien species, possibly facilitating their release to the environment.

scholarly journals The freshwater diaptomid copepod fauna (Crustacea: Copepoda: Diaptomidae) of the Western Ghats of Maharashtra with notes on distribution, species richness and ecology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihir R. Kulkarni ◽  
Kalpana Pai
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Temporary Habitats ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Diaptomid Copepods ◽  
The Western Ghats

<p>The diversity of many invertebrate taxa from Western Ghats of Maharashtra remains unknown due to lack of systematic studies. We studied freshwater calanoid copepods from this region, and found eleven species of diaptomid copepods in 180 samples collected from 80 sites in the study area. Most of these are new records for this region. The observed fauna includes Oriental, Gondwanan, Palaearctic and Indian endemic taxa. Locality data for all the observed species, along with notes on some ecological aspects of the sampled sites are provided. Non-parametric estimates of species richness for the region suggested an overall adequacy of sampling effort, and probable missing out of some species from habitats with longer hydroperiod. Hydroperiod, depth, electrical conductivity, altitude, mean annual temperature and latitude largely influenced the distribution of species in the study area. Co-occurrences of species were overall rare but more common in temporary habitats. Assemblages of diaptomid copepods restricted to certain sites were identified. The importance of temporary habitats is discussed in the light of their species richness, faunal composition and the increasing anthropogenic pressures they face.</p>

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