scholarly journals Properties of Recurrent Equations for the Full-Availability Group with BPP Traffic

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Głąbowski ◽  
Maciej Stasiak ◽  
Joanna Weissenberg
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Process ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Loss Probability ◽  
Effective Algorithm ◽  
Formal Derivation ◽  
System A ◽  
Occupancy Distribution

The paper proposes a formal derivation of recurrent equations describing the occupancy distribution in the full-availability group with multirate Binomial-Poisson-Pascal (BPP) traffic. The paper presents an effective algorithm for determining the occupancy distribution on the basis of derived recurrent equations and for the determination of the blocking probability as well as the loss probability of calls of particular classes of traffic offered to the system. A proof of the convergence of the iterative process of estimating the average number of busy traffic sources of particular classes is also given in the paper.

scholarly journals Two-Dimensional Convolution Algorithm for Modelling Multiservice Networks with Overflow Traffic

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Głąbowski ◽  
Adam Kaliszan ◽  
Maciej Stasiak
Keyword(s):  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Multiservice Networks ◽  
Occupancy Distribution ◽  
Blocking Probabilities ◽  
Convolution Algorithm ◽  
Overflow Traffic

The present paper proposes a new method for analytical modelling multiservice networks with implemented traffic overflow mechanisms. The basis for the proposed method is a special two-dimensional convolution algorithm that enables determination of the occupancy distribution and the blocking probability in network systems in which traffic streams of individual classes can be serviced by both primary and alternative resources. The algorithm worked out by the authors makes it possible to model systems with any type of traffic offered to primary resources. In order to estimate the accuracy of the proposed method, the analytical results of blocking probabilities in selected networks with traffic overflow have been compared with simulation data.

scholarly journals Overflows of Elastic Traffic

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Mariusz Głąbowski ◽  
Damian Kmiecik
Keyword(s):  
Finite Number ◽  
Service Time ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Traffic Intensity ◽  
Elastic Traffic ◽  
System A ◽  
Alternative Resource ◽  
Multiservice Traffic

Abstract This article presents the results of a study on hierarchical multiservice traffic overflow systems. The systems under investigation were composed of a number of primary resources and one alternative resource. Traffic in the considered systems was generated with the assumption that there was a finite number of traffic sources in individual classes. Further assumption was that offered traffic is elastic traffic for which – with an increase of the load of the system – a change in the volume of allocated resources is possible followed by concurrent extension of their service time. The article includes the results that present the blocking probability in the sample elastic traffic overflow systems. The study focuses on a determination of the influence of the traffic intensity, volume of resources, degree of compression, resource with compression (primary resources, alternative resources) and the cardinality of traffic sources on values of the blocking probability in individual call classes and on the number of calls that overflow to the alternative resource.

scholarly journals Rules are Rules: Reconceiving Monetary Gold as a Rule of Procedure

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Juliette McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Process ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Procedural Rule ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
The Icj ◽  
Rule Making ◽  
Intervention Procedure ◽  
Formal Rules

The Case of the Monetary Gold Removed from Rome in 1943 is familiar to all international lawyers. Like a catechism, we are taught that the ICJ will not proceed with a case where the legal interests of a State not before the Court “would not only be affected by a decision, but would form the very subject-matter of the decision.” Mollengarden and Zamir's proposal that the Court should dispense with the Monetary Gold principle feels almost heretical. The authors contend that the ICJ Statute sets out a framework for balancing the interests of third parties through the use of the intervention procedure, and that Monetary Gold “disrupts that balance.” Monetary Gold is, they submit, to be treated as only a judicial decision, entitled under Article 36(1)(d) of the Statute to little deference as a source of legal principle. I suggest taking an altogether different approach. The best way to understand the place of the Monetary Gold principle is in the context of the ICJ's rule making powers pursuant to Article 30(1) of the Court's Statute. These rule making powers are not limited to the promulgation of formal Rules of Court but extend to the determination of appropriate procedures during the hearing of a case. These procedural rules (small r), articulated in the context of particular cases, may in time evolve into formal Rules of Court through an iterative process. Monetary Gold is an instance of the Court defining a small r procedural rule in a manner that is consistent with the Court's Statute.

scholarly journals Implementation and application of E-technologies in enterprise environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Roman Malo
Keyword(s):  
Short Time Period ◽  
Logical Model ◽  
System A ◽  
Theoretical System ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Business Area ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Base Platform

Nowadays, a problem of an e- technologies’ implementation represents one of the most important questions that are being solved within various subjects from business area. With respect of massive implementation of activities as e- commerce, e- payments and others the e- technologies’ implementation is the progressive way of these subjects’ expansion. However, due to relatively short time period in which enterprise subjects have solved there is a set of vague aspects going together with this problem. The paper analyses the area of e- technologies and defines relations between basic concepts. Following this theoretical system a few hypothesis are constructed and used as a base platform for a determination of the logical model for implementation of e- technologies in enterprise environment.

Determination of 36Cl Production Rates Derived from the Well-Dated Deglaciation Surfaces of Whidbey and Fidalgo Islands, Washington

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry W. Swanson ◽  
Marc L. Caffee
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Neutron Absorption ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
System A ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dating Method ◽  
Exposure Ages

AbstractThe 36Cl dating method is increasingly being used to determine the surface-exposure history of Quaternary landforms. Production rates for the 36Cl isotopic system, a critical component of the dating method, have now been refined using the well-constrained radiocarbon-based deglaciation history of Whidbey and Fidalgo Islands, Washington. The calculated total production rates due to calcium and potassium are 91±5 atoms 36Cl (g Ca)−1 yr−1 and are 228±18 atoms 36Cl (g K)−1 yr−1, respectively. The calculated ground-level secondary neutron production rate in air, Pf(0), inferred from thermal neutron absorption by 35Cl is 762±28 neutrons (g air)−1 yr−1 for samples with low water content (1–2 wt.%). Neutron absorption by serpentinized harzburgite samples of the same exposure age, having higher water content (8–12 wt.%), is ∼40% greater relative to that for dry samples. These data suggest that existing models do not adequately describe thermalization and capture of neutrons for hydrous rock samples. Calculated 36Cl ages of samples collected from the surfaces of a well-dated dacite flow (10,600–12,800 cal yr B.P.) and three disparate deglaciated localities are consistent with close limiting calibrated 14C ages, thereby supporting the validity of our 36Cl production rates integrated over the last ∼15,500 cal yr between latitudes of 46.5° and 51°N. Although our production rates are internally consistent and yield reasonable exposure ages for other localities, there nevertheless are significant differences between these production rates and those of other investigators.

Integration of one-dimensional equations of motions

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Gleb L. Kotkin ◽  
Valeriy G. Serbo
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Field Change ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
System A ◽  
Small Correction ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
The Given ◽  
Equations Of Motions

If the potential energy is independent of time, the energy of the system remains constant during the motion of a closed system. A system with one degree of freedom allows for the determination of the law of motion in quadrature. In this chapter, the authors consider motion of the particles in the one-dimensional fields. They discuss also how the law and the period of a particle moving in the potential field change due to adding to the given field a small correction.

scholarly journals An imitation model of the financial-economic mechanism of taking strategic decisions at the enterprise

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 01027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Trunina ◽  
Iryna Kushal ◽  
Denys Zagirniak
Keyword(s):  
Financial Economic ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Imitation Model ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
System A ◽  
Crisis Conditions

The crisis conditions of the enterprise functioning restrain the possibilities for the innovation activity and lay down higher requirements to the determination of the tasks of the financial strategy of development. To enhance the adaptive possibilities the authors propose to use an imitation-class mathematical model, indicate the basic stages of its creation, determine the structure: a control system; a functional system consisting of functional financial and economic blocks, an information system including a database. We distinguished the basic indices for the analysis of the ability of the enterprise to take strategic decisions of both financial and economic components of the mechanism of their realization. The practical realization of the proposed imitation model of the financialeconomic mechanism of taking strategic decisions based on the calculation of the integral index provides the required information basis for the grounded strategic decision and further development of the enterprise.

Operation of the Technicon Flame Photometer with Natural Gas Use in the Determination of Serum Lithium and the Semi-Micro Analysis of Serum Sodium and Potassium

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald B Nevius ◽  
Gerard F Lanchantin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Flame Photometer ◽  
System A ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
The City ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

Abstract Natural gas was substituted for propane gas in the oxygen-fuel mixture supplying the Technicon AutoAnalyzer flame photometer. This was accomplished by the use of a 1/3-hp rotary pump and attached manifold, which compressed the gas from the city line and supplied it at a constant pressure to the burner module of the system. A method for the automatic analysis of serum Li was devised by using K as an internal standard and comparing the output of the Li-sensitive photo-cell with that of an attenuated K-sensitive cell. In addition, a simple procedure was incorporated into the routine determination of serum Na and K: samples of insufficient volume were diluted in a solution of known electrolyte concentration, which permitted their quantitation without changing the tubing manifold or other operating components of the system.

Bohrwiderstandsmessungen, eine neue und standardisierbare Methode zur Bestimmung der Kohäsion von Naturstein: Entwicklung eines Prototypes und dessen Erprobung / Drilling force measurement system, a new standardisa i methodology to determine the stone cohesion: Prototype design and validation

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tiano ◽  
C. Filareto ◽  
S. Ponticelli ◽  
M. Ferrari ◽  
E. Valentini
Keyword(s):  
Force Measurement ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
System A ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Force Measurement System ◽  
Drilling Resistance ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract In the field of conservation of monumental buildings actually a standard methodology is lacking, with which it is possible to determine with the same sensitivity and reliability the "stone hardness" both at the superficial surface and at larger depths (few centimetres), both in laboratory and in situ. The use of the drilling resistance to determine the stone hardness is a very recent application and few working outdoor devices exist. The objective of this work is to validate a new and improved system to assess the drilling resistance of stones. The DFMS is portable and a quasi non-destructive device for direct determination of the "cohesion" of stone materials through the determination of their drilling resistance. The best operational features of the prototype have been established together with the assessment of the sensitivity and reliability of the system.

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