scholarly journals Regulation of Signal Transduction and Role of Platelets in Liver Regeneration

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Nowatari ◽  
Kiyoshi Fukunaga ◽  
Nobuhiro Ohkohchi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Nonparenchymal Cells ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Regeneration Capability

Among all organs, the liver has a unique regeneration capability after sustaining injury or the loss of tissue that occurs mainly due to mitosis in the hepatocytes that are quiescent under normal conditions. Liver regeneration is induced through a cascade of various cytokines and growth factors, such as, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, hepatocyte growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor, which activate nuclear factorκB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase signaling pathways. We previously reported that platelets can play important roles in liver regeneration through a direct effect on hepatocytes and collaborative effects with the nonparenchymal cells of the liver, including Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, which participate in liver regeneration through the production of various growth factors and cytokines. In this paper, the roles of platelets and nonparenchymal cells in liver regeneration, including the associated cytokines, growth factors, and signaling pathways, are described.

scholarly journals Growth factor requirement for survival in cell-cycle dormancy of primitive murine lymphohematopoietic progenitors

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 610-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Katayama ◽  
SC Clark ◽  
M Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Multiple Cycles ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Abstract We used enriched marrow cells from mice administered three doses of 150 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 1, 3 and 7 days before they were killed to study the effects of different growth factors on the survival of primitive, cell-cycle dormant progenitors in culture. This cell population yielded substantially fewer colonies in response to single growth factors than corresponding preparations from day 2 post-5-FU bone marrow samples, and the majority of progenitors were multipotential in nature. These observations were consistent with the prediction that multiple cycles of 5-FU treatment would further enrich for primitive cells. With this cell population, we found that among all the factors tested, interleukin-3 (IL-3) and steel factor (SF) as single factors are the most effective in supporting survival of dormant primitive progenitors. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin-11 (IL-11), interleukin-4 (IL- 4), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) also supported survival of a few progenitors, but much less effectively than either IL-3 or SF. The hematopoietic progenitors that survived for 1 week in liquid culture supplemented with either IL-3 or SF retained the capability to develop pre-B-cell colonies in secondary culture. Our results demonstrate that survival of dormant murine lymphohematopoietic cells in culture is dependent on the presence of specific growth factors, and that this growth factor requirement can be satisfied well by SF or IL-3.

scholarly journals Growth factor requirement for survival in cell-cycle dormancy of primitive murine lymphohematopoietic progenitors

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 610-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Katayama ◽  
SC Clark ◽  
M Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Multiple Cycles ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

We used enriched marrow cells from mice administered three doses of 150 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 1, 3 and 7 days before they were killed to study the effects of different growth factors on the survival of primitive, cell-cycle dormant progenitors in culture. This cell population yielded substantially fewer colonies in response to single growth factors than corresponding preparations from day 2 post-5-FU bone marrow samples, and the majority of progenitors were multipotential in nature. These observations were consistent with the prediction that multiple cycles of 5-FU treatment would further enrich for primitive cells. With this cell population, we found that among all the factors tested, interleukin-3 (IL-3) and steel factor (SF) as single factors are the most effective in supporting survival of dormant primitive progenitors. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin-11 (IL-11), interleukin-4 (IL- 4), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) also supported survival of a few progenitors, but much less effectively than either IL-3 or SF. The hematopoietic progenitors that survived for 1 week in liquid culture supplemented with either IL-3 or SF retained the capability to develop pre-B-cell colonies in secondary culture. Our results demonstrate that survival of dormant murine lymphohematopoietic cells in culture is dependent on the presence of specific growth factors, and that this growth factor requirement can be satisfied well by SF or IL-3.

scholarly journals The proliferative effect of cortisol on bovine endometrial epithelial cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junsheng Dong ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Jianji Li ◽  
Luying Cui ◽  
Xia Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Endometrial Epithelial Cells

Abstract Background Bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) undergo regular regeneration after calving. Elevated cortisol concentrations have been reported in postpartum cattle due to various stresses. However, the effects of the physiological level of cortisol on proliferation in BEECs have not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate whether cortisol can influence the proliferation properties of BEECs and to clarify the possible underlying mechanism. Methods BEECs were treated with different concentrations of cortisol (5, 15 and 30 ng/mL). The mRNA expression of various growth factors was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), progression of the cell cycle in BEECs was measured using flow cytometric analysis, and the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways was detected with Western blot and immunofluorescence. Results Cortisol treatment resulted in upregulated mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF); however, it had no influence on transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1). Cortisol (15 ng/mL) accelerated the cell cycle transition from the G0/G1 to the S phase. Cortisol upregulated the expression of β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclinD1 and promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. Conclusions These results demonstrated that cortisol may promote proliferation in BEECs by increasing the expression of some growth factors and activating the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.

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