scholarly journals Using Medical History Embedded in Biometrics Medical Card for User Identity Authentication: Data Representation by AVT Hierarchical Data Tree

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Fong ◽  
Yan Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Hierarchical Data ◽  
Mobile Database ◽  
Private Data ◽  
Database Privacy ◽  
Identity Cards ◽  
Novel Concept

User authentication has been widely used by biometric applications that work on unique bodily features, such as fingerprints, retina scan, and palm vessels recognition. This paper proposes a novel concept of biometric authentication by exploiting a user’s medical history. Although medical history may not be absolutely unique to every individual person, the chances of having two persons who share an exactly identical trail of medical and prognosis history are slim. Therefore, in addition to common biometric identification methods, medical history can be used as ingredients for generating Q&A challenges upon user authentication. This concept is motivated by a recent advancement on smart-card technology that future identity cards are able to carry patents’ medical history like a mobile database. Privacy, however, may be a concern when medical history is used for authentication. Therefore in this paper, a new method is proposed for abstracting the medical data by using attribute value taxonomies, into a hierarchical data tree (h-Data). Questions can be abstracted to various level of resolution (hence sensitivity of private data) for use in the authentication process. The method is described and a case study is given in this paper.

Fingerprinting the provenance of building stones: a case study on the Louvigné and Lanhélin granitic rocks (Armorican massif, France)

2014 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudine Malfilatre ◽  
Erwan Hallot ◽  
Philippe Boulvais ◽  
Marc Poujol ◽  
Annick Chauvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Stone ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Building Stones ◽  
Intrinsic Variability ◽  
Geological Unit ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Identity Cards ◽  
Armorican Massif

Abstract Two examples of granitic stones from Brittany (western France) commercialized under the names of “gris-bleu de Louvigné” and “bleu de Lanhélin” were characterized in order to explore how the provenance of a building stone can be traced back with a maximum of confidence. For this purpose, petrographical, geochemical and magnetic characteristics, representing more than 70 quantitative and qualitative variables, were compiled for a total of 32 samples. We have defined two reference populations for these building stones and have extracted their discriminative characteristics. We have then compared four randomly selected samples and two foreign commercial counterparts of these stones to the reference populations. Discriminative variables differ from one case of comparison to the other, which indicates that a combination of various tools and variables will be generally required to unequivocally fingerprint the origin of a given granitic stone. Where several quarries are mining a single geological unit within a composite intrusion, the provenance of a granitic rock can be defined at the scale of the intrusion. In addition, stones coming from two different intrusions from the same batholith can be distinguished. We conclude that the provenance of any granitic building stone is identifiable, especially if the intrinsic variability of a population of samples representative of that stone has been previously circumscribed. This study underlines that the compilation of databases for building stone identity cards is an essential first step toward the creation of official labels guaranteeing stone provenances.

scholarly journals Depicting More Information in Enriched Squarified Treemaps with Layered Glyphs

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Anderson Gregório Marques Soares ◽  
Elvis Thermo Carvalho Miranda ◽  
Rodrigo Santos do Amor Divino Lima ◽  
Carlos Gustavo Resque dos Santos ◽  
Bianchi Serique Meiguins
Keyword(s):  
Information Visualization ◽  
Data Structures ◽  
User Study ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Data ◽  
Visual Data ◽  
Visual Variable ◽  
Data Clusters

The Treemap is one of the most relevant information visualization (InfoVis) techniques to support the analysis of large hierarchical data structures or data clusters. Despite that, Treemap still presents some challenges for data representation, such as the few options for visual data mappings and the inability to represent zero and negative values. Additionally, visualizing high dimensional data requires many hierarchies, which can impair data visualization. Thus, this paper proposes to add layered glyphs to Treemap’s items to mitigate these issues. Layered glyphs are composed of N partially visible layers, and each layer maps one data dimension to a visual variable. Since the area of the upper layers is always smaller than the bottom ones, the layers can be stacked to compose a multidimensional glyph. To validate this proposal, we conducted a user study to compare three scenarios of visual data mappings for Treemaps: only Glyphs (G), Glyphs and Hierarchy (GH), and only Hierarchy (H). Thirty-six volunteers with a background in InfoVis techniques, organized into three groups of twelve (one group per scenario), performed 8 InfoVis tasks using only one of the proposed scenarios. The results point that scenario GH presented the best accuracy while having a task-solving time similar to scenario H, which suggests that representing more data in Treemaps with layered glyphs enriched the Treemap visualization capabilities without impairing the data readability.

Transnational Anticorruption Law in Action: Cases from Argentina and Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 664-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin E. Davis ◽  
Guillermo Jorge ◽  
Maíra R. Machado
Keyword(s):  
Use Case ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Institutional Complementarity ◽  
First Case ◽  
German Company ◽  
Identity Cards ◽  
Complementarity Theory

Debates over whether transnational and international legal institutions are fair, effective, or legitimate responses to corruption of local public officials have an important empirical dimension. We use case studies to examine whether foreign legal institutions serve as fair, effective, and legitimate complements to local anticorruption institutions. We refer to this set of claims as the “institutional complementarity theory.” The first case study centers on proceedings concerning bribes paid by subsidiaries of Siemens AG, a German company, to obtain and retain a contract to provide national identity cards for the Argentine government. The second case study examines events stemming from overbilling in the construction of a courthouse in Brazil. Analysis of these cases suggests that the institutional complementary theory is credible. At the same time, the findings suggest that local institutions have greater potential, and foreign institutions have more limited potential, than the theory assumes.

scholarly journals Development of a ‘universal-reporter’ outcome measure (UROM) for patient and healthcare professional completion: a mixed methods study demonstrating a novel concept for optimal questionnaire design

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e029741
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Macefield ◽  
Sara Brookes ◽  
Jane Blazeby ◽  
Kerry Avery
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Item Development ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Patient Questionnaires ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Novel Concept

ObjectivesTo describe the novel concept of, and methods for developing, a ‘universal-reporter’ outcome measure (UROM); a single questionnaire for completion by patients and/or healthcare professionals (HCPs) when views on the same subject are required.DesignA mixed methods study with three phases—phase I: identification of relevant content domains from existing clinical tools, patient questionnaires and in-depth interviews with multistakeholders; phase II: item development using a novel approach that considered plain language in conjunction with medical terminology; and phase III: pretesting with multistakeholders using cognitive interviews.SettingA case study in surgical wound assessment undertaken in two UK hospital trusts and one university setting.ParticipantsPatients who had recently undergone general abdominal surgery and healthcare professionals involved in post-surgical wound care.ResultsPhase I: In the example case study, 19 relevant content domains were identified from two clinical tools, two patient questionnaires and 19 multistakeholder interviews (nine patients, 10 HCPs). Phase II: Domains were operationalised into items and subitems (secondary components to collect further information, if relevant). The version after pretesting had 16 items, five of which included further subitems. Plain language in conjunction with medical terminology was applicable in nine (27%) items/subitems. Phase III: Pretesting with 28 patients and 14 HCPs found that the UROM was acceptable to both respondent groups. An unanticipated secondary finding of the study was that the combined use of plain language and medical terminology during questionnaire development may be a useful, novel technique for evaluating item interpretation and thereby identifying items with inadequate content validity.ConclusionUROMs are a novel approach to outcome assessment that are acceptable to both patients and HCPs. Combining plain language and medical terminology during item development is a recommended technique to improve accuracy of item interpretation and content validity during questionnaire design. More work is needed to further validate this novel approach and explore the application of UROMs to other settings.

Hodgkin disease through symptoms of paraneoplastic nephrotic syndrome by the case of a 13-year old boy – case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Maciej Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Paraneoplastic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The State ◽  
Hodgkin Disease

Idiopathic nephrotic based on medical history, physical examination supplemented by ultrasound check. It does not often happen that a medical sign characteristic of nephrotic syndrome with generalized enlargement of lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), liver and spleen may indicate an occurrence of lymphoma. A paraneoplastic syndrome is the state of clinical symptoms related to tumors, not being a close implication of a local neoplastic and metastatic infiltration. The objective of this article is drawing attention to the possibility of concealment of Hodgkin disease through symptoms of nephrotic syndrome by the case of a 13-year old boy.

scholarly journals Quantification of integrity

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL R. CLARKSON ◽  
FRED B. SCHNEIDER
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Noisy Channel ◽  
Database Privacy

Three integrity measures are introduced: contamination, channel suppression and program suppression. Contamination is a measure of how much untrusted information reaches trusted outputs; it is the dual of leakage, which is a measure of information-flow confidentiality. Channel suppression is a measure of how much information about inputs to a noisy channel is missing from the channel outputs. And program suppression is a measure of how much information about the correct output of a program is lost because of attacker influence and implementation errors. Program and channel suppression do not have interesting confidentiality duals. As a case study, a quantitative relationship between integrity, confidentiality and database privacy is examined.

Towards a Modular and Wearable Support System for Industrial Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Weidner ◽  
Tobias Meyer ◽  
Andreas Argubi-Wollesen ◽  
Jens P. Wulfsberg
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
System Prototype ◽  
Head Level

Despite the increasing degree of automation many tasks are still performed manually, especially in production of individualized, sensitive or quality critical products. These tasks, e.g. tasks in or above head level, are often non ergonomic. Thus musculoskeletal diseases can occur. This paper presents a novel concept for a modular and wearable technical support system for reducing musculoskeletal stress. The support system which is based on the approach of Human Hybrid Robot (HHR) can be adapted easily to different users and activities. The system emphasizes on modularity and the use of soft materials for kinematic elements and interfaces in order to gain higher flexibility and increased human safety. The basic idea can be applied to various applications. The focus lies on a functional support system prototype for upper extremities. It comprises a Human-Machine-Interface using a vest equipped with soft kinematic elements as well as a control unit. Moreover, results from a biomechanical case study will be illustrated in order to confirm the ergonomic improvements, especially the comparison of the range of motion and the musculoskeletal stress during tasks.

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