scholarly journals Platelet-Rich Plasma Peptides: Key for Regeneration

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Javier Sánchez-González ◽  
Enrique Méndez-Bolaina ◽  
Nayeli Isabel Trejo-Bahena
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Transfer Factors ◽  
Cellular Effects ◽  
Treatment Of Wounds

Platelet-derived Growth Factors (GFs) are biologically active peptides that enhance tissue repair mechanisms such as angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cellular effects as stem cells recruitment, chemotaxis, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used in a variety of clinical applications, based on the premise that higher GF content should promote better healing. Platelet derivatives represent a promising therapeutic modality, offering opportunities for treatment of wounds, ulcers, soft-tissue injuries, and various other applications in cell therapy. PRP can be combined with cell-based therapies such as adipose-derived stem cells, regenerative cell therapy, and transfer factors therapy. This paper describes the biological background of the platelet-derived substances and their potential use in regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Role of the autologous mesenchymal stem cells compared with platelet rich plasma on cicatrization of cutaneous wounds in diabetic mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 617-624
Author(s):  
Napoleão M. Argolo Neto ◽  
Ricardo J. Del Carlo ◽  
Betânia S. Monteiro ◽  
Nance B. Nardi ◽  
Pedro C. Chagastelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Cutaneous Lesion ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Cutaneous Wounds ◽  
Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Treatment Of Wounds

Abstract: Chronic cutaneous lesions affect 15% of diabetic human patients and represent a risk 15 to 46 times larger of limb amputations compared to people with normal glycemia. It is assumed that half of these amputations could be prevented by early treatment of wounds, for example, with proper cell therapy. Objectives: In this study, the action of the autologous transplant of mesenchymal stem-cells (MSC) was evaluated compared to the treatment with autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) in the cicatrization of cutaneous lesions induced in diabetic mice. These animals were previously treated with streptozootocin to induce diabetes mellitus and round wounds of 1.5cm in diameter were created in the posterior region. Diameters of the wounds and healing time were evaluated during 30 days and the results were submitted to variance analysis and Tukey's test average. It was noticed that the animals treated with MSC presented a more accelerated cicatrization of the cutaneous lesion than the animals treated with PRP. However, the treatment with PRP presented better results than just the daily asepsis of the lesions with saline or covering them with semi-permeable bandage. Besides, the use of semi-permeable bandage kept the cutaneous lesions of diabetic mice did not interfere negatively with cicatrization, proved to be harmless to use, but kept the cutaneous lesions more hydrated than the ones exposed to the environment.

New Advances in Stem Cell Therapy for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Ming Qu ◽  
Yajie Lv ◽  
Jinyu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Plasma Therapy

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common refractory orthopedic disease with multiple etiologies that more frequently occurs in middle-aged and young people. ONFH is the main cause of hip replacement in young patients. Since Professor Hernigou first reported the use of stem cells in the treatment of early stage ONFH, a large number of studies have demonstrated the potential of stem cells in the treatment of adult patients with ONFH. With the rise of interdisciplinary stem cell therapy combined with platelet-rich plasma therapy, gene therapy or other methods have gradually attracted the attention of researchers. This article summarizes the current advances in stem cell therapy for ONFH, as well as the problems and challenges, which may provide reference for further research.

scholarly journals The PI3k/Akt Pathway Is Associated With Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress and Survival of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Pathophysiologic Condition in Ischemia

2019 ◽  
pp. S131-S138 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SAMAKOVA ◽  
A. GAZOVA ◽  
N. SABOVA ◽  
S. VALASKOVA ◽  
M. JURIKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Ischemic Diseases

Ischemic diseases are characterized by reduced blood supply to a tissue or an organ due to obstruction of blood vessels. The most serious and most common ischemic diseases include ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and critical limb ischemia. Revascularization is the first choice of therapy, but the cell therapy is being introduced as a possible way of treatment for no-option patients. One of the possibilities of cell therapy is the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs are easily isolated from bone marrow and can be defined as non-hematopoietic multipotent adult stem cells population with a defined capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into cell types of all three germ layers depending on their origin. Since 1974, when Friedenstein and coworkers (Friedenstein et al. 1974) first time isolated and characterized MSCs, MSC-based therapy has been shown to be safe and effective. Nevertheless, many scientists and clinical researchers want to improve the success of MSCs in regenerative therapy. The secret of successful cell therapy may lie, along with the homing, in secretion of biologically active molecules including cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines known as MSCs secretome. One of the intracellular signalling mechanism includes the activity of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) (PI3K) - protein kinase B (serine-threonine protein kinase Akt) (Akt) pathway. This PI3K/Akt pathway plays key roles in many cell types in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. Pre-conditioning of MSCs could improve efficacy of signalling mechanism.

Progress of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Tissue Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 2022-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guifang Zhao ◽  
Yiwen Ge ◽  
Chenyingnan Zhang ◽  
Leyi Zhang ◽  
Junjie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Tissue Specific

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of adult stem cells with self-replication and multidirectional differentiation, which can differentiate into tissue-specific cells under physiological conditions, maintaining tissue self-renewal and physiological functions. They play a role in the pathological condition by lateral differentiation into tissue-specific cells, replacing damaged tissue cells by playing the role of a regenerative medicine , or repairing damaged tissues through angiogenesis, thereby, regulating immune responses, inflammatory responses, and inhibiting apoptosis. It has become an important seed cell for tissue repair and organ reconstruction, and cell therapy based on MSCs has been widely used clinically. The study found that the probability of stem cells migrating to the damaged area after transplantation or differentiating into damaged cells is very low, so the researchers believe the leading role of stem cell transplantation for tissue repair is paracrine secretion, secreting growth factors, cytokines or other components. Exosomes are biologically active small vesicles secreted by MSCs. Recent studies have shown that they can transfer functional proteins, RNA, microRNAs, and lncRNAs between cells, and greatly reduce the immune response. Under the premise of promoting proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis, they play a repair role in tissue damage, which is caused by a variety of diseases. In this paper, the biological characteristics of exosomes (MSCs-exosomes) derived from mesenchymal stem cells, intercellular transport mechanisms, and their research progress in the field of stem cell therapy are reviewed.

scholarly journals Symptomatic knee osteoarthritis treatment using autologous adipose derived stem cells and platelet-rich plasma: a clinical study

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh Hong-Thien Bui ◽  
Triet Dinh Duong ◽  
Nhan Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Duc Nguyen ◽  
Vien Tuong Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Lysholm Score ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Osteoarthritis Treatment

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases, and it affects 12% of the population around the world. Although the disease is chronic, it significantly reduces the patient’s quality of life. At present, stem cell therapy is considered to be an efficient approach for treating this condition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show the most potential for stem cell therapy of osteoarthritis. In fact, MSCs can differentiate into certain mesodermal tissues such as cartilage and bone. Therefore, in the present study, we applied adipose tissue-derived MSCs to osteoarthritis treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficiency of autologous adipose tissue-derived MSC transplantation in patients with confirmed osteoarthritis at grade II and III. Adipose tissue was isolated from the belly, and used for extraction of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF). The SVF was mixed with activated platelet-rich plasma before injection. The clinical efficiencies were evaluated by the pain score (VAS), Lysholm score, and MRI findings. We performed the procedure in 21 cases from 2012 to 2013. All 21 patients showed improved joint function after 8.5 months. The pain score decreased from 7.6±0.5 before injection to 3.5±0.7 at 3 months and 1.5±0.5 at 6 months after injection. The Lysholm score increased from 61±11 before injection to 82±8.1 after injection. Significant improvements were noted in MRI findings, with increased thickness of the cartilage layer. Moreover, there were no side-effects or complications related to microorganism infection, graft rejection, or tumorigenesis. These results provide a new opportunity for osteoarthritis treatment. Level of evidence: IV.

scholarly journals Stem cell therapy in dermatology

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sujay Khandpur ◽  
Savera Gupta ◽  
D. R. Gunaabalaji
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Therapeutic Implications

Stem cells are precursor cells present in many tissues with ability to differentiate into various types of cells. This interesting property of plasticity can have therapeutic implications and there has been substantial research in this field in last few decades. As a result, stem cell therapy is now used as a therapeutic modality in many conditions, and has made its way in dermatology too. Stem cells can be classified on the basis of their source and differentiating capacity. In skin, they are present in the inter-follicular epidermis, hair follicle, dermis and adipose tissue, which help in maintaining normal skin homeostasis and repair and regeneration during injury. In view of their unique properties, they have been employed in treatment of several dermatoses including systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleromyxedema, alopecia, Merkel cell carcinoma, pemphigus vulgaris, psoriasis, wound healing, epidermolysis bullosa and even aesthetic medicine, with variable success. The advent of stem cell therapy has undoubtedly brought us closer to curative treatment of disorders previously considered untreatable. Nevertheless, there are multiple lacunae which need to be addressed including ideal patient selection, timing of intervention, appropriate conditioning regimens, post-intervention care and cost effectiveness. Further research in these aspects would help optimize the results of stem cell therapy.

scholarly journals Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapies and Glioblastoma Management: Current Evidence and Clinical Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2258
Author(s):  
Amira Yasmine Benmelouka ◽  
Malak Munir ◽  
Ahmed Sayed ◽  
Mohamed Salah Attia ◽  
Mohamad M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Radio Chemotherapy

Gliomas, which account for nearly a quarter of all primary CNS tumors, present significant contemporary therapeutic challenges, particularly the highest-grade variant (glioblastoma multiforme), which has an especially poor prognosis. These difficulties are due to the tumor's aggressiveness and the adverse effects of radio/chemotherapy on the brain. Stem cell therapy is an exciting area of research being explored for several medical issues. Neural stem cells, normally present in the subventricular zone and the hippocampus, preferentially migrate to tumor masses. Thus, they have two main advantages: They can minimize the side effects associated with systemic radio/chemotherapy while simultaneously maximizing drug delivery to the tumor site. Another feature of stem cell therapy is the variety of treatment approaches it allows. Stem cells can be genetically engineered into expressing a wide variety of immunomodulatory substances that can inhibit tumor growth. They can also be used as delivery vehicles for oncolytic viral vectors, which can then be used to combat the tumorous mass. An alternative approach would be to combine stem cells with prodrugs, which can subsequently convert them into the active form upon migration to the tumor mass. As with any therapeutic modality still in its infancy, much of the research regarding their use is primarily based upon knowledge gained from animal studies, and a number of ongoing clinical trials are currently investigating their effectiveness in humans. The aim of this review is to highlight the current state of stem cell therapy in the treatment of gliomas, exploring the different mechanistic approaches, clinical applicability, and the existing limitations.

Therapeutic potential of transdifferentiated cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë D. BURKE ◽  
David TOSH
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Cell therapy means treating diseases with the body's own cells. The ability to produce differentiated cell types at will offers a compelling new approach to cell therapy and therefore for the treatment and cure of a plethora of clinical conditions, including diabetes, Parkinson's disease and cardiovascular disease. Until recently, it was thought that differentiated cells could only be produced from embryonic or adult stem cells. Although the results from stem cell studies have been encouraging, perhaps the most startling findings have been the recent observations that differentiated cell types can transdifferentiate (or convert) into a completely different phenotype. Harnessing transdifferentiated cells as a therapeutic modality will complement the use of embryonic and adult stem cells in the treatment of degenerative disorders. In this review, we will examine some examples of transdifferentiation, describe the theoretical and practical issues involved in transdifferentiation research and comment on the long-term therapeutic possibilities.

scholarly journals Stem cell therapy for critical limb ischemia: what can we learn from cell therapy for chronic wounds?

Vascular ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Jadlowiec ◽  
Robert A Brenes ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Wei Lv ◽  
Clinton D Protack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Critical Limb Ischemia ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Skin Substitute

Although much progress has been made regarding our knowledge of stem cells and their potential applications for therapeutic angiogenesis, there has been less success with the clinical application of this knowledge to patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). Patients with CLI often have chronic wounds and newer cell-based therapies for chronic wounds show interesting parallels to stem cell therapy for CLI. Several human-derived wound care products and therapies, including human neonatal fibroblast-derived dermis (Dermagraft®), bilayered bioengineered skin substitute (Apligraf®), recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor and autologous platelet-rich plasma may provide insight into the mechanisms through which differentiated cells can be used as therapy for chronic wounds, and, analogously, by which stem cells might function therapeutically in CLI.

Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells for allogenic cardiac cell therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Roy ◽  
M Kukucka ◽  
D Messroghli ◽  
A Brodarac ◽  
M Becher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Cell ◽  
Cardiac Cell Therapy
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