scholarly journals Descending Necrotising Mediastinitis: A Case Report Illustrating a Trend in Conservative Management

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. P. Jayasekera ◽  
O. T. Dale ◽  
R. C. Corbridge
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Chest Drain ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

The mortality rate from descending necrotising mediastinitis (DNM) has declined since its first description in 1938. The decline in mortality has been attributed to earlier diagnosis by way of contrast-enhanced computed tomographic (CT) scanning and aggressive surgical intervention in the form of transthoracic drainage. We describe a case of DNM with involvement of anterior and posterior mediastinum down to the diaphragm, managed by cervicotomy and transverse cervical drainage with placement of corrugated drains and a pleural chest drain, with a delayed mediastinoscopy and mediastinal drain placement. We advocate a conservative approach with limited debridement and emphasis on drainage of infection in line with published case series.

Pneumatocele formation following COVID-19 pneumonia. Is there a role for surgical intervention?

2021 ◽  
pp. 021849232110598
Author(s):  
Cameron McCann ◽  
Mohamed Shoeib ◽  
Muhammad Iftikhar Rashid ◽  
Nikos Kostoulas
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Respiratory Tract Illness ◽  
Illness Meaning

COVID-19 mainly causes a lower respiratory tract illness, meaning there has been great interest in the chest and lung radiological findings seen during the course of the disease. Most of this interest has centred around the computed tomographic findings. Most commonly, computed tomographic images report ground-glass opacities but a less common finding, and potential complication associated with COVID-19, is pneumatocele formation. In this case series, we describe the presentation and management of three patients with large pneumatoceles that developed during the recovery phase of COVID-19. A conservative approach is most recommended, with surgical intervention reserved for complicated cases that cause cardiorespiratory compromise.

Case Report: Severe Dental Abscess Complications in Rural Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Roemers ◽  
Aminata I. Sesay ◽  
Musa G. Sesay ◽  
Jan Henk Dubbink ◽  
Heleen M. Koudijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Dental Abscess ◽  
Dental Infections

Prevalence data on severe dental infections is scarce, particularly for low-income countries. Patients with dental abscess complications who presented from September 2020 until December 2020 in two hospitals in Tonkolili District, Sierra Leone, were included into this case series. We report on a total of 20 patients, median age 28 years, with severe complications of dental abscesses, with a mortality rate of 45%. This case series illustrates the severity of the dire consequences of the absence of access to basic dental and oral healthcare.

Duplication of internal jugular veins: case report

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Y W Wong ◽  
D R Strachan ◽  
E L Loney
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Anatomical Finding ◽  
Internal Jugular Veins

AbstractObjectives:We report a rare case of internal jugular vein duplications, in order to raise the level of awareness of this anomaly amongst ENT surgeons, radiologists and intensive care practitioners. We briefly review and discuss the related literature.Case report:Duplicated internal jugular veins are a rare anatomical finding. They may be subclinical, or may present with neck swellings that may be mistaken for laryngocoeles or branchial cysts. We present a case of bilateral internal jugular vein duplication in a young adult. The referral was made on the basis of intermittent neck swelling, dyspnoea and dysphagia. Conservative treatment was instigated, and symptoms improved without surgical intervention.Conclusions:Only a handful of cases of duplicated internal jugular veins have been reported. The current case is unique, as no previously reported cases have presented with dyspnoea and dysphagia. We suggest a conservative approach, as there is currently no evidence that duplicated internal jugular veins cause any adverse health outcomes.

scholarly journals Evidence favoring the efficacy of convalescent plasma for COVID-19 therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Klassen ◽  
Jonathon W. Senefeld ◽  
Patrick W. Johnson ◽  
Rickey E. Carter ◽  
Chad C. Wiggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Control Case

AbstractTo determine the effect of COVID-19 convalescent plasma on mortality, we aggregated patient outcome data from randomized clinical trials (RCT), matched-control, case series, and case report studies. Random-effects analyses of RCT data demonstrated that hospitalized COVID-19 patients transfused with convalescent plasma exhibited a lower mortality rate compared to patients receiving standard treatments. These data provide evidence favoring the efficacy of human convalescent plasma as a therapeutic agent in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitra Khalili ◽  
Mohsen Rouzrokh ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Ghadiri ◽  
Roya Ansari ◽  
Saeed Alerasol
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Ectopic Kidney ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Renal Ectopia ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
Intrathoracic Kidney

: Renal ectopy is a rare phenomenon, which its diagnosis may be delayed due to an asymptomatic condition. The ectopic kidney may even have a normal functional state; however, because of occurring kidney blockade, the risk for kidney stones and even failure may be raised. In many cases, the diagnosis is completely incidental and is based on the request of radiography and sometimes, CT scan even for other reasons. In the therapeutic approach, in cases of kidney blockage, or urine backing up to the kidney, the surgical intervention is highly recommended by excisional removing the mass. Herein, we described a case of ectopic intrathoracic kidney initially presented with mild respiratory distress that was ultimately diagnosed by CT scanning and removed surgically.

scholarly journals Variation of hemiazygos vein with absence of accessory hemiazygos vein - a dissection study

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 035-037
Author(s):  
Archana G. Kalyankar ◽  
Pravin H. Shingare ◽  
Pratima R. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Azygos Vein ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Thoracic Region ◽  
Left Brachiocephalic Vein ◽  
Hemiazygos Vein

AbstractHemiazygos vein and Accessory hemiazygos vein lie on the left side in the posterior mediastinum of thorax and are the counterpart of azygos vein on right side. During routine cadaveric dissection of thoracic region in an adult male, we found an abnormal venous channel which was single and was lying on the left side of the vertebral column. It received tributaries from superior intercostal vein and posterior intercostal veins. We found this abnormal venous channel draining directly into left brachiocephalic vein in contrast to its usual drainage into azygos vein. Hence this can be considered as abnormal venous channel and variant of hemiazygos vein and accessory hemiazygos vein. The azygos and hemiazygos venous system is commonly encountered during surgical intervention performed on posterior thoracic wall. This case report provides a new data of potential clinical significance.

scholarly journals Endogenous Neurostimulation and Physiotherapy in Cluster Headache: A Clinical Case

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Navarro-Fernández ◽  
Lucía de-la-Puente-Ranea ◽  
Marisa Gandía-González ◽  
Alfonso Gil-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
Cluster Headaches

Objective: The aim of this paper is to describe the progressive changes of chronic cluster headaches (CHs) in a patient who is being treated by a multimodal approach, using pharmacology, neurostimulation and physiotherapy. Subject: A male patient, 42 years of age was diagnosed with left-sided refractory chronic CH by a neurologist in November 2009. In June 2014, the patient underwent a surgical intervention in which a bilateral occipital nerve neurostimulator was implanted as a treatment for headache. Methods: Case report. Results: Primary findings included a decreased frequency of CH which lasted up to 2 months and sometimes even without pain. Besides this, there were decreased levels of anxiety, helplessness (PCS subscale) and a decreased impact of headache (HIT-6 scale). Bilateral pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were improved along with an increase in strength and motor control of the neck muscles. These improvements were present at the conclusion of the treatment and maintained up to 4 months after the treatment. Conclusions: A multimodal approach, including pharmacology, neurostimulation and physiotherapy may be beneficial for patients with chronic CHs. Further studies such as case series and clinical trials are needed to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Increased Density of the Liver and Amiodarone-Associated Phospholipidosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunao Kojima ◽  
Shinobu Kojima ◽  
Hirofumi Ueno ◽  
Motohiro Takeya ◽  
Hisao Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Unenhanced Ct ◽  
Periodic Monitoring

This is a case report in which a 60-year-old man who suffered from ventricular tachycardia with dilated cardiomyopathy was prescribed amiodarone. After taking amiodarone, liver enzymes were increased and computed tomographic (CT) scanning of the abdomen showed a significant increase in the density of the liver without contrast medium. He was suspected as hemochromatosis and liver biopsy was performed. An abnormal high density of liver tissue may be observed in an unenhanced CT in patients treated with amiodarone and we suggest that periodic monitoring of liver function and/or liver biopsy is warranted before an irreversible stage is reached.

Transorbital penetrating injury: case series, review of the literature, and proposed management algorithm

2011 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Schreckinger ◽  
Daniel Orringer ◽  
B. Gregory Thompson ◽  
Frank La Marca ◽  
Oren Sagher
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
Penetrating Injury ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Orbital Trauma ◽  
The University

Transorbital penetrating injury (TPI), an uncommon subset of head trauma, requires prompt multidisciplinary surgical intervention. While numerous case reports appear in the literature, there is a lack of discrete recommendations for initial evaluation, surgical intervention, and postoperative care of patients with TPI. A retrospective review of 4 cases of TPI at the University of Michigan Health System was undertaken to assess for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. In addition, a PubMed search using the terms “penetrating orbital trauma,” “penetrating orbital injury,” “transorbital penetration,” and “transorbital penetrating injury” were used to search for articles discussing the presentation and management of penetrating orbital trauma. All 4 of the patients at the University of Michigan underwent focused physical examination performed by a multidisciplinary trauma team followed by dedicated maxillofacial and head CT scanning. The patients' treatments varied, depending on the mechanism and extent of the injury. An analysis of the case series presented here as well as other published cases suggests an algorithm for diagnosis and treatment for patients with TPI, which includes focused evaluation, diagnostic imaging with maxillofacial CT scanning, and management of the injury that focuses on the path of penetration and the presence of the foreign body in situ at the time of presentation. Magnetic resonance imaging is indicated in patients who have indwelling wooden foreign bodies. Angiography should be performed in patients with suspected vascular injury. Treatment decisions should be made by a multidisciplinary team with input from neurosurgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, and maxillofacial surgery.

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