scholarly journals Chemical Analysis and Study of Phenolics, Antioxidant Activity, and Antibacterial Effect of the Wood and Bark ofMaclura tinctoria(L.) D. Don ex Steud.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Lamounier ◽  
L. C. S. Cunha ◽  
S. A. L. de Morais ◽  
F. J. T. de Aquino ◽  
R. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Maclura tinctoria(L.) D. Don ex Steud. has one of the highest qualities among the coefficients for Brazilian woods (up to 9.6) and resistance rates equivalent to Indian teak (Tectona grandis). In this study, the macromolecular constituents and total phenols compounds as well as the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of this wood were evaluated. Total phenols and proanthocyanidin levels were higher in wood when compared with bark levels. The antioxidant activity of wood extracts (IC50= 18.7 μg/mL) was more effective than that of bark extracts (IC50= 20.9 μg/mL). Wood and bark extracts revealed a high potential for inhibition of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The bark extracts were the most active (MIC from 20 to 60 μg/mL). Both antioxidant activity and high potential for bacteria inhibition turn these extracts promising for drug formulations, especially as antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals Bactericidal and Morphological Effects of NE-2001, a Novel Synthetic Agent Directed against Helicobacter pylori

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 3468-3473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guofei Dai ◽  
Ni Cheng ◽  
Lei Dong ◽  
Mutsumi Muramatsu ◽  
Shudong Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Synthetic Compound ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Transmission Electron Microcopy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACT The antibacterial activities of NE-2001 were tested against 24 clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori and compared with those of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and furazolidone. The MIC50 and MIC90 of this synthetic compound on the isolates were 8 and 16 μg/ml, respectively. This action was highly selective against Helicobacter pylori; there was a >4-fold difference between the concentration of NE-2001 required to inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori and that required to inhibit the growth of common aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Exposure of Helicobacter pylori (ATCC43504) to NE-2001 at the MIC (4 μg/ml), or at a greater concentration, resulted in an extensive loss of viability. The phenomenon was also observed at pH levels between 3.0 and 7.0. When two clinical Helicobacter pylori strains were successively cultured at subinhibitory concentrations of NE-2001, no significant changes in the bactericidal effects were found. The morphological alterations of Helicobacter pylori cells (ATCC43504), exposed to NE-2001 at various concentrations for 6 h, were observed using transmission electron microcopy. The bacterium displayed features such as swelling, vacuole-like structures in the cytoplasm, and cell destruction following exposure to NE-2001. The efficacy of NE-2001 was maintained when evaluated in eight clinical isolates resistant to metronidazole and five isolates resistant to both metronidazole and clarithromycin (MIC ranging between 4 and 16 μg/ml). The above-described results suggest that NE-2001 may have the potential to be developed as a candidate agent for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Antibacterial Effect of the Aerial Part Extracts of Thymus pallidus Coss

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-615
Author(s):  
Abderrahim Benslama ◽  
Sabah Boumerfeg ◽  
Sana Aouachria ◽  
Thoraya Guemmaz ◽  
Lekhmici Arrar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic

Background: The Algerian medicinal plant Thymus pallidus Coss. is traditionally known to be used as an anti-infective, expectorant, healer of wounds and against inflammatory and gastrointestinal diseases. Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the antioxidants and the antibacterial activities of the aerial part extracts of this plant. Methods: Polyphenols extraction was performed with methanol 85%, followed by preliminary fractionation based on the polarity of the solvent. The extraction and fractionation process gave the crude extract (CrE), chloroform extract (ChE), ethyl acetate extract (EtAE) and aqueous extract (AqE). The antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated using in vitro assays. While the antimicrobial activity was determined using disk diffusion method. Results: Quantitative analysis of polyphenol and flavonoids showed that EtAE includes the highest amount (P≤0.001) with 495.12±1.91 μg GAE/mg of extract and 97.25±2.84 μg QE/mg of extract, for both polyphenols and flavonoids respectively. The results of the antioxidant activity of extracts showed that the EtAE exhibited the highest inhibition activity on XO (IC50 =51.6±0.2 μg/ml) compared to other extracts (P≤0.001). Moreover, the EtAE was the most effective fraction in free radical scavenging assay against ABTS radical and hydrogen peroxide (EC50= 3.21±0.03 μg/ml and EC50 =12.12±0.05 μg/ml, respectively) compared to other extracts (P≤0.01). Using β-carotene/ linoleic acid bleaching assay, the AqE and ChE recorded a considerable inhibition effect on linoleic acid oxidation with a ratio of 81.81% and 80.86%, respectively. In the antimicrobial activity evaluation, the extracts exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against bacterial strain, with inhibition zone ranging from 07 to 14 mm. In addition, the EtAE showed a good action spectrum against six bacterial strains. In conclusion, the EtAE of Thymus pallidus showed good antioxidant activity and antibacterial effect. Conclusion: The obtained results revealed the presence of a strong correlation between the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the extract and its total phenolic content. Furthermore, they reported that the EtAE has a considerable antioxidant capacity. This can be considered as an alternative natural source of antioxidants used generally as additives in food and pharmaceutical preparation.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, and Antibacterial Activities of the Selected Tibetan Formulations Used in Gandaki Province, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Madan Dhakal ◽  
Prakash Poudel ◽  
Upma Jha ◽  
Suresh Jaiswal ◽  
Khem Raj Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Traditional Medicines

Background and Objective. Tibetan medicine is one of the earliest-known traditional medicines. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antibacterial potential of ethanolic extracts of nine common Tibetan formulations. Materials and Methods. An open-ended and semistructured questionnaire was used for an ethnomedicinal survey of the Tibetan formulations practiced in four Tibetan refugee settlements in Gandaki Province, Nepal. Based on the ethnomedicinal survey data, commonly used nine formulations were selected (Aru-18, Basam, Dadue, Dashel, Mutik-25, Raab Ga Yangzin Tea, Serdok-11, Sugmel-10, and Yungwa-4) to test biological activities. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The cytotoxicity was examined by using the Allium cepa L. root tip meristem model. Similarly, the antibacterial effect was assessed by using well diffusion and broth dilution methods. Results. An ethnomedicinal survey showed a total of 52 Tibetan formulations were generally used by respondents for common diseases such as stomach disorders, diabetes, and migraine. From the antioxidant activity test, Sugmel-10 showed the highest DPPH free-radical-scavenging activity (IC50 1.8 μg/ml) and Yungwa-4 showed the lowest activity (IC50 5.2 μg/ml). Also, from the cytotoxic activity, the A. cepa root meristem model exhibited significant dose- and time-dependent growth suppression in Basam, Dadue, Mutik-25, and Serdok-11 as compared with cyclophosphamide standard drug. Similarly, Basam showed a good antibacterial effect having MIC 20 mg/ml and MBC 100 mg/ml against Enterococci faecalis. Conclusion. Research showed that Tibetan people preferred Tibetan formulations for the treatment and mitigation of several diseases. The result of antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities experimentally justified the ethnomedicinal value of nine common formulations (Aru-18, Basam, Dadue, Dashel, Mutik-25, Raab Ga Yangzin Tea, Serdok-11, Sugmel-10, and Yungwa-4). To the best of our knowledge, this study was performed for the first time in Nepal. Results from this preliminary study open the door to the scientific world to perform extensive pharmacological studies for designing and developing new therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Activities of TAK-083, an Agent for Treatment of Helicobacter pyloriInfection

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 2455-2459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuneo Kanamaru ◽  
Yoshitaka Nakano ◽  
Yukio Toyoda ◽  
Ken-Ichiro Miyagawa ◽  
Mayumi Tada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACT The antibacterial activity of TAK-083 was tested against 54 clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori and was compared with those of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and metronidazole. The growth-inhibitory activity of TAK-083 was more potent than that of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, or metronidazole (the MICs at which 90% of the strains are inhibited were 0.031, 0.125, 64, and 8 μg/ml, respectively). The antibacterial activity of TAK-083 was highly selective against H. pylori; there was a >30-fold difference between the concentration of TAK-083 required to inhibit the growth of H. pylori and that required to inhibit the growth of common aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Exposure ofH. pylori strains to TAK-083 at the MIC or at a greater concentration resulted in an extensive loss of viability. When four H. pylori strains were successively subcultured in the medium containing subinhibitory concentrations of TAK-083, no significant change in the MICs of this compound was observed. TAK-083 strongly inhibited the formation of tryptophanyl-tRNA in H. pylori while exhibiting little effect on the same system in eukaryotes. TAK-083 was efficacious in the treatment of gastric infection caused by H. pylori in Mongolian gerbils. The results presented here indicate that TAK-083 is a promising candidate for the treatment of H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Multifunctional Carbon Dots with Antibacterial Activities

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arumugam Saravanan ◽  
Moorthy Maruthapandi ◽  
Poushali Das ◽  
John H. T. Luong ◽  
Aharon Gedanken
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
One Step ◽  
Bactericidal Activities ◽  
Bright Blue

Carbon dots (CDs) were obtained from medicinal turmeric leaves (Curcuma longa) by a facile one-step hydrothermal method and evaluated for their bactericidal activities against two gram-negative; Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and two gram-positive counterparts; Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis. The CDs exhibited spherical shapes with a mean size of 2.6 nm. The fluorescence spectra of CDs revealed intense fluorescence at λex/em = 362/429 nm with a bright blue color in an aqueous solution. The CDs showed strong photostability under various environmental conditions (pH, salt, and UV-radiation). The complete bactericidal potency of CDs was 0.25 mg/mL for E.coli and S. aureus after 8 h of exposure, while for K. pneumoniae, and S. epidermidis, the CDs at 0.5 mg/mL good antibacterial effect within 8 h and complete eradication after 24 h of exposure is observed. The release of reactive oxygen species played a crucial role in the death of the bacterial cell. The present study provides a strategy for the preparation of CDs from a medicinal plant and their potential antibacterial activities against four common contagious pathogens.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Antioxidant Dynamics of the Soursop Fruit (Annona muricata L.) in response to Colletotrichum spp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Alejandro Rubio-Melgarejo ◽  
Rosendo Balois-Morales ◽  
Yolotzin Apatzingan Palomino-Hermosillo ◽  
Graciela Guadalupe López-Guzmán ◽  
José Carmen Ramírez-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Late Response ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Colletotrichum Siamense ◽  
Soluble Phenols ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

This work evaluates the effect of the pathogens Colletotrichum siamense and C. gloeosporioides on the response of soursop fruits. The bioactive compounds (total phenols, flavonoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins) were evaluated qualitatively in soursop pulp. Positive phytochemicals and antioxidant activity (DPPH•, ABTS•+, and FRAP) were quantified at day zero, one, three, and five. Fruits treated with C. gloeosporioides showed higher disease severity (P<0.05). Early fruit response (day one) was observed with both pathogens, increased the concentration of saponins and repressed the production of quercetin 3-O-glucoside (P<0.05). Likewise, C. siamense decreased total soluble phenols and flavonoids and increased antiradical activity DPPH•. Besides, C. gloeosporioides decreased the levels of kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside and ferulic acid (P<0.05). Regarding the late response (day three), both pathogens decreased the concentration of saponins and increased flavonoids and phytosterols (P<0.05). Nevertheless, C. siamense increased the levels of total soluble phenols, p-coumaric acid, kaempferol, and antiradical activity FRAP (P<0.05). Also, C. gloeosporioides repressed the production of quercetin 3-O-glucoside at day five (P<0.05). Soursop fruits had a response to the attack of Colletotrichum during ripening at physicochemical and oxidative levels, which is associated with the production of compounds related to the development inhibition of pathogens. Even so, soursop fruits showed higher susceptibility to C. gloeosporioides and higher sensitivity to the attack of C. siamense.

scholarly journals Implications for Degenerative Disorders: Antioxidative Activity, Total Phenols, Flavonoids, Ascorbic Acid, β-Carotene and β-Tocopherol inAloe vera

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurten Ozsoy ◽  
Eda Candoken ◽  
Nuriye Akev
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Phosphatidylcholine Liposome ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Β Carotene

In order to demonstrate whether the known biological effects ofAloe vera(L.) Burm. fil. could correlate with the antioxidant activity of the plant, the antioxidant activity of the aqueous leaf extract was investigated. The present study demonstrated that the aqueous extract fromA. veraleaves contained naturally occuring antioxidant components, including total phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, β-carotene and α-tocopherol. The extract exhibited inhibitory capacity against Fe3+/ascorbic acid induced phosphatidylcholine liposome oxidation, scavenged stable DPPH•, ABTS•+and superoxide anion radicals, and acted as reductant. In contrast, the leaf inner gel did not show any antioxidant activity. It was concluded that the known beneficial effects ofAloe veracould be attributed to its antioxidant activity and could be related to the presence of phenolic compounds and antioxidant vitamins.

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