scholarly journals Sporadic Infection ofWolbachiain a Recently Established Population ofFormica fusca

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista K. Ingram ◽  
Andrew P. Hoadley ◽  
Matt Iandoli ◽  
John Kahler ◽  
Stacey Marion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Distribution ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Nest Size ◽  
Queen Number ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fitness Effects ◽  
Formica Fusca ◽  
Dispersion Patterns ◽  
Sporadic Infection ◽  
Established Population

This study examines the distribution and invasion dynamics ofWolbachiain a recently establishedFormica fuscapopulation. Preliminary data revealed the intermittent infection ofWolbachiaacross colonies, providing the opportunity to test for ecological factors affecting the acquisition and spread of the parasite. Only 35% of colonies are infected in this population. Both infected and noninfected nests have similar dispersion patterns that approximate a random distribution, suggesting that transmission ofWolbachiabetween adjacent colonies is not common. There is no difference in the infection rate between workers and brood, indicating that workers are not actively eliminating the infection. Our results show no significant association betweenWolbachiainfection and nest size; however, infected colonies tend to be larger than noninfected colonies. Finally,Wolbachiainfection was not associated with queen number. Overall, our results suggest no large fitness differences between infected and noninfected colonies, although small fitness effects cannot be ruled out for this population.

Multiple-scale spatial distribution of the fungal epiphyll Scolecopeltidium on Trichilia spp. in two lowland moist tropical forests

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2158-2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Gilbert ◽  
Nicole Talaro ◽  
Christine A. Howell ◽  
Amy Symstad
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Multiple Scale ◽  
Barro Colorado Island ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Corcovado National Park

The leaf-inhabiting fungus Scolecopeltidium mayteni (Micropeltaceae) is common on Trichilia tuberculata in lowland tropical forests on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, and on Trichilia moritzii in Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica. The sexual reproductive structures (ascomata) of the fungus have a clumped or random distribution on leaflet surfaces. The density of ascomata correlates well with the density of hyphae on the leaf surface and is a good indicator of the intensity of fungal colonization. Most of the variability in colonization is at a leaf-to-leaf level rather than among leaflets or among plants. Intensity of fungal colonization is directly related to the light environment of the leaflet or plant, but not to the density of hosts. The Scoiecopeitidium–Trichilia system is well suited for studies on ecological factors affecting host–fungal symbioses in natural plant communities. Key words: Trichilia luberculata, Trichilia moritzii, Loculoascomycete, density dependence, Panama. Costa Rica.

Exploring the Ecological Factors Affecting the Employment of People with Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-93
Author(s):  
Young-soo Kim ◽  
◽  
Su-yon Kim ◽  
Won-sup Ryu ◽  
Soo-eun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Factors ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Estimation of Electricity Generation by an Electro-Technical Complex with Photoelectric Panels Using Statistical Methods

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1278
Author(s):  
Anna Turysheva ◽  
Irina Voytyuk ◽  
Daniel Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Random Distribution ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Characteristic Energy ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technical Complex

This paper presents a computational tool for estimating energy generated by low-power photovoltaic systems based on the specific conditions of the study region since the characteristic energy equation can be obtained considering the main climatological factors affecting these systems in terms of the symmetry or skewness of the random distribution of the generated energy. Furthermore, this paper is aimed at determining any correlation that exists between meteorological variables with respect to the energy generated by 5-kW solar systems in the specific climatic conditions of the Republic of Cuba. The paper also presents the results of the influence of each climate factor on the distribution symmetry of the generated energy of the solar system. Studying symmetry in statistical models is important because they allow us to establish the degree of symmetry (or skewness), which is the probability distribution of a random variable, without having to make a graphical representation of it. Statistical skewness reports the degree to which observations are distributed evenly and proportionally above and below the center (highest) point of the distribution. In the case when the mentioned distribution is balanced, it is called symmetric.

scholarly journals Ecological and Physiological Factors Affecting Brood Patch Area and Prolactin Levels in Arctic-Nesting Geese

The Auk ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jón Einar Jónsson ◽  
Alan D. Afton ◽  
Ray T. Alisauskas ◽  
Cynthia K. Bluhm ◽  
Mohamed E. El Halawani
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nest Size ◽  
Patch Area ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chen Caerulescens ◽  
Brood Patch ◽  
Snow Geese ◽  
Ross's Geese

AbstractWe investigated effects of ecological and physiological factors on brood patch area and prolactin levels in free-ranging Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens; hereafter “Snow Geese”) and Ross's Geese (C. rossii). On the basis of the body-size hypothesis, we predicted that the relationships between prolactin levels, brood patch area, and body condition would be stronger in Ross's Geese than in the larger Snow Geese. We found that brood patch area was positively related to clutch volume and inversely related to prolactin levels in Ross's Geese, but not in Snow Geese. Nest size, nest habitat, and first egg date did not affect brood patch area in either species. Prolactin levels increased as incubation progressed in female Snow Geese, but this relationship was not significant in Ross's Geese. Prolactin levels and body condition (as indexed by size-adjusted body mass) were inversely related in Ross's Geese, but not in Snow Geese. Our findings are consistent with the prediction that relationships between prolactin levels, brood patch area, and body condition are relatively stronger in Ross's Geese, because they mobilize endogenous reserves at faster rates than Snow Geese.Factores Ecológicos y Fisiológicos que Afectan el Área del Parche de Incubación y los Niveles de Prolactina en Gansos Nidificantes del Ártico

Ecological factors affecting gene flow in the Brachionus plicatilis complex (Rotifera)

Oecologia ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Africa Gómez ◽  
María José Carmona ◽  
Manuel Serra
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Brachionus Plicatilis ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Protocol for a quasi-experimental study examining the effect of a ball skills intervention on four domains of preschooler development

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wu ◽  
Wichai Eungpinichpong ◽  
Hui Ruan ◽  
Xinding Zhang ◽  
Sansan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ball Skills

Abstract Background: Preschooler inactivity and insufficient motor development have serious long-term consequences. The Chinese Ministry of Education launched a nationwide football-focused pilot project aimed at kindergartens in 2019 and issued the policy “Notice on the Establishment of National Football Kindergartens” in 2020. However, the impact of fundamental movement skills (FMS) interventions on other aspects of child development is unclear. Aim: This study will evaluate the effects of ball skills physical education projects on the development of Chinese preschoolers’ physical, motor, cognitive, and social competencies and examine the influencing factors. Method: This is a quasi-experimental study evaluating how well the “Hello Sunshine” curriculum project promotes children’s development over 10 weeks. The trial will be conducted from September 2021 to November 2021 in 12 classes from 3 kindergartens with a total of 249 children aged 4 to 6 years in Haikou, China. Pre- and posttest analyses will include tests on participants’ physical fitness, FMS, cognitive self-regulation, and emotional competence. Participants’ background information will be collected through questionnaires answered by parents and teachers. The intervention will focus on game-based basic ball skills. Findings: If this intervention provides evidence that these skills improve children’s multidimensional development, it will support the promotion of similar programs in China. We will also outline the social-ecological factors affecting the intervention’s results, providing further information for improving pedagogical methods related to preschool ball skills.

scholarly journals Acquisition of fungi from the environment modifies ambrosia beetle mycobiome during invasion

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Rassati ◽  
Lorenzo Marini ◽  
Antonino Malacrinò
Keyword(s):  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Bottleneck Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Microbial Symbionts ◽  
Insect Fungi ◽  
Native Fungi

Microbial symbionts can play critical roles when their host attempts to colonize a new habitat. The lack of symbiont adaptation can in fact hinder the invasion process of their host. This scenario could change if the exotic species are able to acquire microorganisms from the invaded environment. Understanding the ecological factors that influence the take-up of new microorganisms is thus essential to clarify the mechanisms behind biological invasions. In this study, we tested whether different forest habitats influence the structure of the fungal communities associated with ambrosia beetles. We collected individuals of the most widespread exotic (Xylosandrus germanus) and native (Xyleborinus saxesenii) ambrosia beetle species in Europe in several old-growth and restored forests. We characterized the fungal communities associated with both species via metabarcoding. We showed that forest habitat shaped the community of fungi associated with both species, but the effect was stronger for the exotic X. germanus. Our results support the hypothesis that the direct contact with the mycobiome of the invaded environment might lead an exotic species to acquire native fungi. This process is likely favored by the occurrence of a bottleneck effect at the mycobiome level and/or the disruption of the mechanisms sustaining co-evolved insect-fungi symbiosis. Our study contributes to the understanding of the factors affecting insect-microbes interactions, helping to clarify the mechanisms behind biological invasions.

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