scholarly journals Hepatic Angiomyolipoma: Diagnostic Findings and Management

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenya Kamimura ◽  
Minoru Nomoto ◽  
Yutaka Aoyagi
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Human Melanoma ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Hepatic Angiomyolipoma ◽  
Portal Thrombosis ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Detailed Imaging

Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign mesenchymal tumor that is frequently found in the kidney and, rarely, in the liver. The natural history of hepatic AML has not been clarified, and, because of the similar patterns in imaging studies, such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, some of these tumors have been overdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma in the past. With an increase in the number of case reports showing detailed imaging studies and immunohistochemical staining of the tumor with human melanoma black-45, the diagnostic accuracy is also increasing. In this paper, we focused on the role of noninvasive imaging studies and histological diagnosis showing distinctive characteristics of this tumor. In addition, because several reports have described tumor progression in terms of size, recurrence after surgical resection, metastasis to other organs, and portal thrombosis, we summarized these cases for the management and discussed the indications for the surgical treatment of this tumor.

Cowden disease and Lhermitte–Duclos disease: an update

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenandoah Robinson ◽  
Alan R. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Cowden Disease ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Cancer Syndrome ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cancer Screenings ◽  
High Incidence

Object Cowden disease is a rare autosomal-dominant phacomatosis and cancer syndrome that is associated with Lhermitte–Duclos disease (LDD), also called dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma. Methods In this review the authors summarize the additions to the literature during the past 5 years, with emphasis on new case reports and advances in imaging and molecular biology. Adult-onset LDD is now considered pathognomonic for Cowden disease. Approximately 220 cases of LDD have been reported. Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with LDD is often diagnostic, and imaging studies have facilitated accurate diagnosis and contributed to the improved outcome in affected patients. Cowden disease and other rare, related disorders, such as Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba, Proteus, and Proteus-like syndromes, are often caused by mutations of the PTEN gene. Conclusions Because of the high incidence of systemic cancer in patients with Cowden disease, it is important for neurosurgeons to recognize the association between this disease and LDD and to refer affected patients for appropriate cancer screenings and interventions.

scholarly journals Predicting Conversion to MS - The Role of a History Suggestive of Demyelination

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Morrow ◽  
J. Alexander Fraser ◽  
David Nicolle ◽  
Marcelo Kremenchutzky
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Background:The ability to predict conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS) accurately when assessing a patient with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is of paramount importance.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best paraclinical tool currently available; however the significance of a history of an event suggestive of demyelination prior to CIS presentation has not been evaluated.Methods:Aretrospective chart review of all optic neuritis cases presenting as CIS to a single neuro-ophthalmologist in London, Ontario between 1990 to 1998 was performed. Data were collected regarding demographics, past medical history, history of present illness, and family history. Conversion to MS was determined by the McDonald criteria after ten years of follow-up. Bayesian statistics and logistic regression were used to determine the best predictors of conversion to MS from CIS.Results:One hundred and sixteen optic neuritis subjects were included in the analysis. After ten years, 42.2% had converted to MS. The best predictor of future conversion remained at least one brain lesion, disseminated in space, on MRI (sensitivity 0.90, specificity 0.75). However, if the subject additionally had a history suggestive of a demyelinating event in the past that had not been confirmed clinically, the specificity increased to 0.96. These two traits taken together had an odds ratio of 27.8 for conversion to MS in the next ten years (p<0.001).Conclusions:A history of an event suggestive of demyelination prior to presenting with optic neuritis as CIS increases the ability of the clinician to predict conversion to MS in the next ten years.

Emergency Imaging in Pregnancy and Lactation

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-402
Author(s):  
Shobhit Mathur ◽  
Ravishankar Pillenahalli Maheshwarappa ◽  
Saman Fouladirad ◽  
Omar Metwally ◽  
Pratik Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Contrast Extravasation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Emergency Imaging

The use of diagnostic imaging studies in the emergency setting has increased dramatically over the past couple of decades. The emergency imaging of pregnant and lactating patients poses unique challenges and calls upon the crucial role of radiologists as consultants to the referring physician to guide appropriate use of imaging tests, minimize risk, ensure timely management, and occasionally alleviate unwarranted trepidation. A clear understanding of the risks and benefits involved with various imaging tests in this patient population is vital to achieve this. This review discusses the different safety and appropriateness issues that could arise with the use of ionizing radiation, iodinated-, and gadolinium-based contrast media and radiopharmaceuticals in pregnant and lactating patients. Special considerations such as trauma imaging, safety concerns with magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound, management of claustrophobia, contrast extravasation, and allergic reactions are also reviewed. The consent process for these examinations has also been described.

Receptions of the Past: Commemoration, Racism, Desire

Somatechnics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-303
Author(s):  
Michael Connors Jackman
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
White Privilege ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Race And Racism ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

This article investigates the ways in which the work of The Body Politic (TBP), the first major lesbian and gay newspaper in Canada, comes to be commemorated in queer publics and how it figures in the memories of those who were involved in producing the paper. In revisiting a critical point in the history of TBP from 1985 when controversy erupted over race and racism within the editorial collective, this discussion considers the role of memory in the reproduction of whiteness and in the rupture of standard narratives about the past. As the controversy continues to haunt contemporary queer activism in Canada, the productive work of memory must be considered an essential aspect of how, when and for what reasons the work of TBP comes to be commemorated. By revisiting the events of 1985 and by sifting through interviews with individuals who contributed to the work of TBP, this article complicates the narrative of TBP as a bluntly racist endeavour whilst questioning the white privilege and racially-charged demands that undergird its commemoration. The work of producing and preserving queer history is a vital means of challenging the intentional and strategic erasure of queer existence, but those who engage in such efforts must remain attentive to the unequal terrain of social relations within which remembering forms its objects.

Comorbid Depressive Disorders in Epilepsy

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (S4) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres M. Kanner ◽  
Andrew J. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Abnormal Signal ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
History Of Depression

A 27-year-old woman presented to the emergency room after having witnessed generalized tonic clonic seizure while asleep. Birth and development were normal. She had suffered a single febrile seizure at 13 months of age, but had no other seizure risk factors. She was otherwise well except for a history of depression for which she was taking sertraline. Depressive symptoms had been well controlled over the past 3 months, but she had been under increased stress working to finish a doctoral thesis. Neurological examination was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed modest asymmetry of the hippocampi, slightly smaller on the right, but no abnormal signal and well-preserved laminar anatomy. An electroencephalogram was negative. She was discharged from the emergency room with no treatment. Three weeks later, the patient's boyfriend witnessed an episode of behavioral arrest with lip smacking and swallowing automatisms lasting 45 seconds, after which the patient was confused for 20–30 minutes. The next morning she and her boyfriend kept a previously scheduled appointment with a neurologist.

Irresectable tumours of the temporal bone

1987 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Quiney ◽  
L. M. Flood
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Sporadic Case ◽  
Petrous Apex ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Inaccessible Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
Petrous Temporal Bone

AbstractSporadic case reports and the few published series of expanding lesions of the deep petrous temporal bone propose a variety of surgical approaches to ensure excision. All such surgery represents a compromise between exposure adequate for total removal and avoidance of further neurological deficit. Unfortunately pathology in the petrous apex evolves relatively silently and diagnosis is delayed. In many cases total excision is impossible. We present a series of patients presenting with advanced tumours of the deep petrous temporal bone in order to illustrate the spectrum of disease encountered, the limited role of surgery and the natural history of irresectable pathology in this remote and inaccessible area.

The Role of the Constitutional Court in the Development of the Rule of Law in Kosovo

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-313
Author(s):  
Enver Hasani
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional History ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Communist Countries

Kosovo’s Constitutional Court has played a role of paramount importance in the country’s recent history. The author uses a comparative analysis to discuss the role of the Court in light of the work and history of other European constitutional courts. This approach sheds light on the Court’s current role by analyzing Kosovo’s constitutional history, which shows that there has been a radical break with the past. This approach reveals the fact that Kosovo’s current Constitution does not reflect the material culture of the society of Kosovo. This radical break with the past is a result of the country’s tragic history, in which case the fight for constitutionalism means a fight for human dignity. In this battle for constitutionalism, the Court has been given very broad jurisdiction and a role to play in paving the way for Kosovo to move toward Euro-Atlantic integration in all spheres of life. Before reaching this conclusion, the author discusses the specificities of Kosovo’s transition, comparing it with other former communist countries. Among the specific features of constitutionalism in Kosovo are the role and position of the international community in the process of constitution-making and the overall design of constitutional justice in Kosovo. Throughout the article, a conclusion emerges that puts Kosovo’s Constitutional Court at the forefront of the fight for the rule of law and constitutionalism of liberal Western provenance.

scholarly journals Embolization of Bleeding Pinna Arteriovenous Malformation after Ligation of the External Carotid Artery: A Therapeutic Challenge

2017 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Ankur Goyal ◽  
Ashu Bhalla ◽  
Sonia Sandip ◽  
Kapil Sikka
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Percutaneous Treatment ◽  
Endovascular Embolization ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Percutaneous Embolization ◽  
History Of

AbstractA 25-year-old patient presented with bleeding of right pinna arteriovenous malformation (AVM). There was history of ipsilateral external carotid artery (ECA) ligation 10 years back. Subsequent investigations (ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, digital subtraction angiography) showed recruitment of complex collaterals from the ipsilateral subclavian artery and vertebral artery feeding the recurrent nidus. The patient underwent two sessions of endovascular embolization and one session of percutaneous embolization. We wish to highlight the feasibility of antegrade embolization in such cases via collaterals and role of direct percutaneous treatment.

scholarly journals Long segment cervicothoracic intramedullary dermoid with concomitant conal lesion – A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Andrew Aranha ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Ajay Choudhary ◽  
Purnima Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Tumor Capsule ◽  
Neural Tissues ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intramedullary Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Similar Intensity ◽  
Surgical Extirpation

Background: Spinal dermoid cysts are benign tumors that result from congenital or acquired ectodermal inclusions. Long segment intramedullary involvement of the spinal cord is exceedingly rare, and there are only a handful of case reports found in the literature. Case Description: A 30-year-old female presented with a 3-month history of myelopathy characterized by progressive quadriparesis and urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal heterogeneous intramedullary masses extending from C2 to T4 and at T12–L1 with similar intensity lesions seen within the central cord from T5 to T11 level. Following tumor decompression, she showed significant improvement in neurological function 1 month later. The histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a multifocal intramedullary dermoid cyst. Conclusion: Partial surgical extirpation is a reasonable treatment for long segment intramedullary dermoid cysts, particularly when the tumor capsule is adherent to critical adjacent neural tissues.

scholarly journals Laporan Kasus: Manifestasi Oral Penderita Hipertensi berupa Ginggival Enlargement

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Anindita L. ◽  
Aris Aji K. ◽  
Arcadia Sulistijo J.
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Gingival Enlargement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Root Planning ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Hypertension presents an increase in blood pressure following the oral manifestations, such as gingival enlargement. A 42-year-old woman came to the General Sudirman University Dental and Oral Hospital complaining of enlarged front gums seven years ago. The patient had a history of hypertension and regularly consumed drugs, amlodipine 5 mg. Extraoral examination revealed no lymphadenopathy and no swelling of the head and neck area. Intraoral examination revealed a gingival enlargement involving the papilla to the gingival margin present on the entire upper and lower labial gingival surface. The patient's diagnosis was gingival enlargement caused by gingival enlargement due to the use of amlodipine. Gingival enlargement has been noted with long-term or high-dose amlodipine use. The mechanism of amlodipine in causing gingival enlargement is through the role of fibroblasts with abnormal susceptibility to the drug, resulting in increased levels of protein synthesis, especially collagen. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines occurs through an increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in the inflamed gingival tissue due to the gingival fibrogenic response to drugs. Therapies were DHE and scaling and root planning as phase I in periodontal treatment. Plaque elimination is vital to reduce gingival inflammation that may occur. Substitution of the drug amlodipine may be needed if there is no improvement. Based on case reports, hypertension patients who took amlodipine could have gingival enlargement. The therapy given was plaque elimination in the form of DHE and Scaling and regular check-ups with the dentist.

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