scholarly journals Role of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein in Cancer Progression

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Hon Man Chan ◽  
Leilei Chen ◽  
Xin-Yuan Guan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Solution Structure ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed protein in all eukaryotes—highlighting its important functions in the cell. Previous studies revealed that TCTP is implicated in many biological processes, including cell growth, tumor reversion, and induction of pluripotent stem cell. A recent study on the solution structure from fission yeast orthologue classifies TCTP under a family of small chaperone proteins. There is growing evidence in the literature that TCTP is a multifunctional protein and exerts its biological activity at the extracellular and intracellular levels. Although TCTP is not a tumor-specific protein, our research group, among several others, focused on the role(s) of TCTP in cancer progression. In this paper, we will summarize the current scientific knowledge of TCTP in different aspects, and the precise oncogenic mechanisms of TCTP will be discussed in detail.

Role of Mcl-1 in regulation of cell death in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 360 ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Guo ◽  
Sandy Eldridge ◽  
Michael Furniss ◽  
Jodie Mussio ◽  
Myrtle Davis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Personalized medicine in cardio-oncology: the role of induced pluripotent stem cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazish Sayed ◽  
Mohamed Ameen ◽  
Joseph C Wu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genomic Variants ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Abstract Treatment of cancer has evolved in the last decade with the introduction of new therapies. Despite these successes, the lingering cardiotoxic side-effects from chemotherapy remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. These effects can develop acutely during treatment, or even years later. Although many risk factors can be identified prior to beginning therapy, unexpected toxicity still occurs, often with lasting consequences. Specifically, cardiotoxicity results in cardiac cell death, eventually leading to cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Certain risk factors may predispose an individual to experiencing adverse cardiovascular effects, and when unexpected cardiotoxicity occurs, it is generally managed with supportive care. Animal models of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity have provided some mechanistic insights, but the precise mechanisms by which these drugs affect the heart remains unknown. Moreover, the genetic rationale as to why some patients are more susceptible to developing cardiotoxicity has yet to be determined. Many genome-wide association studies have identified genomic variants that could be associated with chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, but the lack of validation has made these studies more speculative rather than definitive. With the advent of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, researchers not only have the opportunity to model human diseases, but also to screen drugs for their efficacy and toxicity using human cell models. Furthermore, it allows us to conduct validation studies to confirm the role of genomic variants in human diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of iPSCs in modelling chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.

scholarly journals Role of bioinspired polymers in determination of pluripotent stem cell fate

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheena Abraham ◽  
Nikolai Eroshenko ◽  
Raj R Rao
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Fate

scholarly journals The Diverse Roles of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Tumor Progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Ngan Luu Hoang ◽  
Joanne E. Anstee ◽  
James N. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible intracellular enzyme that is expressed in response to a variety of stimuli to degrade heme, which generates the biologically active catabolites carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin and ferrous iron (Fe2+). HO-1 is expressed across a range of cancers and has been demonstrated to promote tumor progression through a variety of mechanisms. HO-1 can be expressed in a variety of cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), including both the malignant tumor cells as well as stromal cell populations such as macrophages, dendritic cells and regulatory T-cells. Intrinsically to the cell, HO-1 activity provides antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective effects via its catabolites as well as clearing toxic intracellular heme. However, the catabolites of heme degradation can also diffuse outside of the cell to extrinsically modulate the wider TME, influencing cellular functionality and biological processes which promote tumor progression, such as facilitating angiogenesis and metastasis, as well as promoting anti-inflammation and immune suppression. Pharmacological inhibition of HO-1 has been demonstrated to be a promising therapeutic approach to promote anti-tumor immune responses and inhibit metastasis. However, these biological functions might be context, TME and cell type-dependent as there is also conflicting reports for HO-1 activity facilitating anti-tumoral processes. This review will consider our current understanding of the role of HO-1 in cancer progression and as a therapeutic target in cancer.

scholarly journals 3213 Unraveling the role of Phospholamban (PLN) in humans via the characterization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) Cardiomyocytes (CM) derived from carriers of a lethal PLN mutation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 26-26
Author(s):  
Maria Giovanna Trivieri ◽  
Francesca Stillitano ◽  
Delaine Ceholski ◽  
Irene Turnbull ◽  
Kevin Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Relevant Model ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Ca Homeostasis

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To study the biology of Phosholamban (PLN) in a human relevant model. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: State of the art stem-cell technologies using iPSC-CMs derived from carriers of a lethal PLN mutation. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Our preliminary data demonstrate that this particular PLN mutation (L39) results in reduced expression and mis-localization of PLN as well as increased incidence of early after depolarization in isolated iPSC-CMs. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Phospholamban (PLN) is a critical regulator of Ca++ homeostasis yet many uncertainties still remain regarding its role in humans. Our study will provide unique insights into the pathophysiology of this protein in HF.

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