scholarly journals Combination of Micronutrients for Bone (COMB) Study: Bone Density after Micronutrient Intervention

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Genuis ◽  
Thomas P. Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Micronutrient Therapy

Along with other investigations, patients presenting to an environmental health clinic with various chronic conditions were assessed for bone health status. Individuals with compromised bone strength were educated about skeletal health issues and provided with therapeutic options for potential amelioration of their bone health. Patients who declined pharmacotherapy or who previously experienced failure of drug treatment were offered other options including supplemental micronutrients identified in the medical literature as sometimes having a positive impact on bone mineral density (BMD). After 12 months of consecutive supplemental micronutrient therapy with a combination that included vitamin D3, vitamin K2, strontium, magnesium and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), repeat bone densitometry was performed. The results were analyzed in a group of compliant patients and demonstrate improved BMD in patients classified with normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic bone density. According to the results, this combined micronutrient supplementation regimen appears to be at least as effective as bisphosphonates or strontium ranelate in raising BMD levels in hip, spine, and femoral neck sites. No fractures occurred in the group taking the micronutrient protocol. This micronutrient regimen also appears to show efficacy in individuals where bisphosphonate therapy was previously unsuccessful in maintaining or raising BMD. Prospective clinical trials are required to confirm efficacy.

scholarly journals Skeletal Health After Continuation, Withdrawal, or Delay of Alendronate in Men With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen-Deprivation Therapy

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 4426-4434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Greenspan ◽  
Joel B. Nelson ◽  
Donald L. Trump ◽  
Julie M. Wagner ◽  
Megan E. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Oral Bisphosphonate

Purpose Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer is associated with bone loss and osteoporotic fractures. Our objective was to examine changes in bone density and turnover with sustained, discontinued, or delayed oral bisphosphonate therapy in men receiving ADT. Patients and Methods A total of 112 men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer receiving ADT were randomly assigned to alendronate 70 mg once weekly or placebo in a double-blind, partial-crossover trial with a second random assignment at year 2 for those who initially received active therapy. Outcomes included bone mineral density and bone turnover markers. Results Men initially randomly assigned to alendronate and randomly reassigned at year 2 to continue had additional bone density gains at the spine (mean, 2.3% ± 0.7) and hip (mean, 1.3% ± 0.5%; both P < .01); those randomly assigned to placebo in year 2 maintained density at the spine and hip but lost (mean, −1.9% ± 0.6%; P < .01) at the forearm. Patients randomly assigned to begin alendronate in year 2 experienced improvements in bone mass at the spine and hip, but experienced less of an increase compared with those who initiated alendronate at baseline. Men receiving alendronate for 2 years experienced a mean 6.7% (± 1.2%) increase at the spine and a 3.2% (± 1.5%) at the hip (both P < .05). Bone turnover remained suppressed. Conclusion Among men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer receiving ADT, once-weekly alendronate improves bone density and decreases turnover. A second year of alendronate provides additional skeletal benefit, whereas discontinuation results in bone loss and increased bone turnover. Delay in bisphosphonate therapy appears detrimental to bone health.

Bone Health of Young Male Gymnasts: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Burt ◽  
David A. Greene ◽  
Geraldine A. Naughton
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: To synthesize existing literatures on the impact of gymnastics participation on the skeletal health of young male gymnasts. Methods: Following a systematic search, 12 studies were included in this review. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE modified) criteria. Results: Assessment of skeletal health varied between and within imaging modality protocols. Gymnasts had higher total bone content, greater total and trabecular bone density, larger bone size, a thicker cortex, and higher estimates of bone strength than controls. Recreational studies reported no difference in height or weight between gymnasts and controls; however, elite gymnasts were shorter and lighter than nongymnasts. STROBE scores ranged from 65% to 95%. Conclusion: Gymnastics participation may be beneficial to the bone health of young males as gymnasts had higher bone density and bone mineral content, larger bones, and greater estimates of bone strength than controls.

scholarly journals Implant Insertion Torque Load Analysis for Mandible using CBCT Images

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
CJ Venkatakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Torque Load ◽  
Load Analysis

ABSTRACT Introduction Osteoporotic patients require particular attention to their implant site bone quality as an indication of prognosis and may require modified surgical technique Insertion Torque (IT). Aim It is the purpose of this study to test whether IT is significantly correlated with bone density or not, as assessed by the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a group of osteopenic and osteoporotic patients. Materials and methods A total of 30 patients were included in the study. The mandibular second premolar region was chosen as the site of investigation to prevent variability in surgical implant placement technique in different locations affecting bone mineral density (BMD). Partially, edentulous female patients between 51 and 60 years of age who were scheduled to receive implant placement were recruited for the study. CBCT (Master Series 3D Dental Imaging) was used for preoperative evaluation of the jaws for each patient. Materialise's Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) was used to process stacks of 2D images from CBCT. Finite element analysis were carried out on bone using Ansys software. Maximum displacement and maximum stress—strain patterns were compared in normal, osteoporotic, and osteopenic groups. Results The difference in mean bone density in all three groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05) (Table 1). FEA at 32, 36, 40 N in all 3 groups was statistically significant. (Table 2). Conclusion Within the limitations of the study, the amount of stress—strain that exhibits at 40 N load in normal bone will be almost the same stress—strain given at 32 N load in osteoporotic bone. Normal IT load analysis exhibits more stress/strain in osteoporotic patients when compared with other groups, showing that IT must be achieved to an optimum level to avoid further complication and failures. How to cite this article Venkatakrishnan CJ, Bhuminathan S, Chandran CR. Implant Insertion Torque Load Analysis for Mandible using CBCT Images. World J Dent 2017;8(3):183-189.

scholarly journals Bones Versus Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A185-A186
Author(s):  
Aytan Siraj Mammadova ◽  
MaKenzie Hodge ◽  
Kehinde Matilda Folawewo ◽  
Elizabeth Cobbs ◽  
Gail Louise Nunlee-Bland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The United States ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Old Adults

Abstract Introduction: A 200% increase in population growth among those over 85 is projected in the United States by 2050. Approximately half of women over 50 will experience an osteoporotic fracture in their lifetime. Osteoporosis disproportionately affects old-old adults (those between 85 and 95) as more than half of those admitted to the hospital for hip fracture are over 80 years of age. Older adults are also likely to need dental care. The American Dental Association guidelines offer preventive recommendations for those over 60 years of age but do not address the nuances of treatment options for nonagenarian persons. This case illustrates the treatment dilemma of nonagenarians wishing to optimize both bone and dental health. Case: We have a 95-year-old performance artist, who seeks to optimize bone health in the face of recommended dental work. She has been physically active her whole life and consumes adequate quantities of calcium and Vitamin D. She doesn’t smoke but has needed periodic glucocorticoids for exacerbations of chronic lung disease. At age 84 she began ibandronate but stopped due to worsening of esophageal reflux. She was then treated with teriparatide for 2 years. DEXA scans have shown declining hip T scores from -2.8 at age 88 to -3.5 at age 94 (osteoporotic bone density: T-score lower than -2.5). Her dentist recommended the extraction of several teeth before beginning zoledronate. She refused tooth extraction and sought treatment options to enhance her bone density. Discussion: Persons of advanced age are likely to have oral health problems requiring dental treatment. Bone health treatments such as bisphosphonates and denosumab are generally safe but can potentially cause osteonecrosis of the jaw even with simple tooth extraction in old-old population. Specific guidelines are lacking for treatment to maintain bone and dental health. The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons suggests that extractions and implants can be conducted as usual in patients who have been treated with oral bisphosphonates for less than four years and lack other clinical risk factors. A delay of two months is suggested for those who have been treated for more than four years or has taken glucocorticoids concomitantly. The approach is uncertain for old-old adults who are taking treatment but develop a need for dental surgery. More research is needed about options for optimizing dental health while enhancing bone density in aging population.

Bisphosphonate therapy requirement during adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy in early breast cancer patients according to UK bone health guidelines

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11612-e11612
Author(s):  
M. Moe ◽  
M. Almatari ◽  
P. Ali ◽  
P. Willshaw
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Early Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Health Economic Analysis ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

e11612 Background: Adjuvant aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy increases bone loss and incidence of bone fracture. Recently published UK bone health guidelines recommend to prescribe bisphosphonate (BPN) during adjuvant AI therapy for T score of -2 or less, or annual loss of bone density >4%, or known vertebral fracture, or patients over the age of 75 with one or more clinical risk factors (previous low-trauma fracture after age 50, previous hip fracture, alcohol intake of >4 units/ day, diseases associated with secondary osteoporosis, prior corticosteroids for >6 months, BMI <22). We evaluated the impact of BPN therapy requirement using UK guidelines on adjuvant AI therapy patients. Methods: Patients who were commencing adjuvant AI therapy for early breast cancer underwent Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) bone density assessment, with a baseline scan and 2 subsequent scans. Results: A total of 91 patients were eligible and included in this study (median age 59). Different AIs included anastrozole(68), exemestane (7) and letrozole (16). Patients received AI therapy in up-front (56), sequential (15) and extended adjuvant (20) therapy settings. Median duration of AI therapy was 35 months, with 85 patients having received therapy for more than 24 months. BPN was prescribed to 35 patients during AI therapy as per local practice. According to WHO classification, 11 patients were found to have osteoporosis at the 1st scan, and 4 & 2 patients were found to develop osteoporosis at 2nd & 3rd scans, respectively. According to UK guidelines, however, BPN therapy would be indicated in 56 patients (62%): after 1st scan 22 patients, after 2nd scan another 26 patients and following the 3rd scan an additional 8 patients. Factors predictive of BPN indication during AI therapy are hyperthyroidism (p = 0.009), previous fracture (p = 0.001) and smoking (p = <0.001). Patients who took tamoxifen for more than one year are less likely to require BPN compared to those who did not take tamoxifen (p = 0.028) Conclusions: Majority of patients (up to 62% in our study) will require BPN during adjuvant AI for breast cancer. Therefore the cost of BPN and potential drug side effects need to be taken into account in the use of adjuvant AI, and it's health economic analysis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Bone Health in Relation to Vitamin-D Status and Serum Adipokines in Obese Egyptian Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1379-1388
Author(s):  
Maged A. El Wakeel ◽  
Manal A. Shehata ◽  
Ghada M. El-Kassas ◽  
Hend H. Mostafa ◽  
Essam M. Galal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
The Impact

Childhood obesity has been linked to an increase in fracture risk, so the impact of obesity on bone metabolism is becoming a focus of attention to identify factors that may affect bone health in obese children. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between serum 25-Hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) D], adipokines and bone status in obese children. This case control study was executed in the Child Health Clinic in Medical and Scientific Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre (NRC), 100 obese and 80 non-obese age- and sex-matched children were enrolled in our study with mean age of (10.12±2.34 & 9.62±1.67 years) respectively. Anthropometric measurements, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and its Z-score, bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in relation to body weight (kg), we also determined serum 25(OH) D, adiponectin, leptin and lipid profile. HOMA-IR was calculated to assess insulin resistance. It was found that BMC and BMD Z-score adjusted for weight were significantly lower in obese children as compared to controls (all p<0.05). Obese children had lower levels of 25(OH) D and adiponectin (P<0.01), while higher levels of leptin, total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) compared to controls (P<0.01). Both BMC and BMD Z-score showed positive association with 25(OH) D and adiponectin (P<0.01) and negative association with HOMA-IR, TG and TC (P<0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that 25(OH) D was the most effective factor predicting BMD Z-score and BMC in obese children. It is concluded that, obesity is negatively related to bone health in childhood. Those obese children are at increased risk for vitamin D insufficiency, which shows an obvious relationship to lower bone mass, raising the question of supplementation to prevent the deleterious effect of its deficiency on bones and reducing future risk of fracture and osteoporosis.

scholarly journals The effect of body mass index on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Serdar Gürlek ◽  
Ahmet Kalaycıoğlu ◽  
Beril Gurlek
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
History Of

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between BMI and BMD among postmenopausal women.Methods: A total of 121 healthy female patients, aged 65.67±8.59 years, previously menopaused, were enrolled. Subjects were divided into five subgroups according to their BMI. History of fracture and BMD were recorded and compared between groups.Results: Among the 121 subjects, 77 (63.6%) individuals had a normal BMD, 32 (26.4%) had osteopenia, and 12 (9.9%) were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Mean of waist circumference was 96.1±8.52cm. The prevalence of fractures was 29.8% in this study. A simple correlation analysis revealed that waist circumference was negatively related to lumbar spine BMD (r= -0.374, p=0.03) and lumbar spine BMD T score (r= -0,352 p=0.002) whereas body weight was positively related to BMD of lumbar spine BMD (r=0.41, p=0.0001) and lumbar spine BMD T score (r=0,31 p=0.001). Age and years since menopause (YSM) were negatively correlated with BMD and T score (p=0.001, p=0.0001, respectively).Conclusions: Even though higher BMI seems to have positive impact on bone density thanks to hormonal and mechanical reasons, increased waist circumference is a sign of a metabolic syndrome and systemic inflammation which are known as having negative effect on bone density. Therefore, postmenopausal women specifically with abdominal obesity should be evaluated for osteoporosis. 

scholarly journals Diabetic Skeletal Health and Potential Benefits of Exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Elizabeth O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Cellular Activity ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Potential Methods

ABSTRACT Bone tissue undergoes continual remodeling through resorption and formation. The balance between these 2 activities is critical to optimizing bone mineral density (BMD) and the biomechanical integrity of the tissue, thereby reducing fractures. There is increasing evidence that diabetes negatively alters the cellular activity of bone tissue and reduces bone quality resulting in an increased risk of fractures. The mechanisms by which diabetes impacts bone are not completely understood; however, insulin, hyperglycemia, and glycation appear to influence skeletal regulation. This review will explore the influence of diabetes mellitus on bone as well as examine the potential methods by which exercise can serve as a nonpharmacological method to optimize bone health in persons with diabetes.

scholarly journals Energy Metabolism and Ketogenic Diets: What about the Skeletal Health? A Narrative Review and a Prospective Vision for Planning Clinical Trials on this Issue

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Daniela Merlotti ◽  
Roberta Cosso ◽  
Cristina Eller-Vainicher ◽  
Fabio Vescini ◽  
Iacopo Chiodini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Ketogenic Diets

The existence of a common mesenchymal cell progenitor shared by bone, skeletal muscle, and adipocytes cell progenitors, makes the role of the skeleton in energy metabolism no longer surprising. Thus, bone fragility could also be seen as a consequence of a “poor” quality in nutrition. Ketogenic diet was originally proven to be effective in epilepsy, and long-term follow-up studies on epileptic children undergoing a ketogenic diet reported an increased incidence of bone fractures and decreased bone mineral density. However, the causes of such negative impacts on bone health have to be better defined. In these subjects, the concomitant use of antiepileptic drugs and the reduced mobilization may partly explain the negative effects on bone health, but little is known about the effects of diet itself, and/or generic alterations in vitamin D and/or impaired growth factor production. Despite these remarks, clinical studies were adequately designed to investigate bone health are scarce and bone health related aspects are not included among the various metabolic pathologies positively influenced by ketogenic diets. Here, we provide not only a narrative review on this issue, but also practical advice to design and implement clinical studies on ketogenic nutritional regimens and bone health outcomes. Perspectives on ketogenic regimens, microbiota, microRNAs, and bone health are also included.

Correlations of lipid metabolism with bone remodeling

Medic ro ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
M. Ciornei ◽  
Emese Orban ◽  
Remus Şipoş
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction. Both dyslipidemia and osteoporosis are chro­nic medical problems, and the relationship between these two pathologies is based on common risk factors and patho­genic mechanisms which favour the development of both diseases. Dyslipidemia can be a risk factor for osteoporosis, therefore it is important to understand the me­cha­nisms underlying the relation between these two pathologies. The link between dyslipidemia and osteoporosis. Lipo­pro­tein oxidation products suppress the differentiation of osteoblasts while stimulating the differentiation of adi­po­cytes and their proliferation, a mechanisms that can con­tri­bute to the reduction of bone mineralization and the oc­cur­rence of inflammatory events. A number of clinical and ex­pe­ri­men­tal studies have been performed, these studies sug­ges­ting an inverse correlation between the adipose con­tent of the bone marrow and the density of the bone tis­sue, in other words, in parallel with the osteoporotic bone loss there is an increase of the adipocyte content in the bone marrow. The role of plasma lipids on bone me­ta­bo­lism. Because in clinic patients with dyslipidemia  are often diagnosed with osteoporosis, we can say that serum levels of plasma lipids influence both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity. Cholesterol correlates with low bone mineral density, while triglycerides are associated with a low incidence of vertebral fractures in osteoporotic wo­men. Effects of lipid-lowering medication on bone tis­sue. Statins, first introduced to treat patients with hyper­li­pi­de­mia and hypercholesterolemia, have also been shown to be beneficial for osteoporotic patients and have recently been introduced to prevent fractures and treat osteoporosis through their ability to enhance osteogenesis and inhibit os­teo­clas­to­ge­ne­sis. Conclusions.There is a wide range of studies that have shown that statins, widely used as lipid-lowering agents, could also be utilized in the treatment of osteo­po­rosis, through the beneficial effects they have on bone metabolism, effects with a positive impact on bone mineral density.  

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