scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilizer and Growth Regulator Impacts on Tuber Deformity, Rot, and Yield for Russet Potatoes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Reiter ◽  
Steven L. Rideout ◽  
Joshua H. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
N Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Production Practices

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) are an important high-value commodity for producers in the Mid-Atlantic Region. Current production recommendations were based on white potatoes, and practices for Russet potatoes have not been researched in this region. The objective of this study was to test impacts of N rate (0, 67, 134, 201, and 268 kg N ha−1), N application timing (100% applied with planter, 2-way split (30% with planter and 70% band applied approximately 30 days after planting at dragoff), and three-way split (30% with planter, 50% band applied prior to drag-off, and 20% band applied at first sight of bloom)), and additions of the growth regulator maleic hydrazide (MH-30). We tested “Goldrush” and “Norkotah” Russet potato varieties on marketability, total yield, tuber deformity, and tuber soft rot incidence for sandy loam soils in the Mid-Atlantic. Overall, year variations were significant with substantial rots (up to 86.5%) occurring in year 3. Maleic hydrazide and N application timing had little consistent effect on any tested parameter. Nitrogen rate and variety factors had the greatest impacts on deformity, tuber rots, and yields for Russet potatoes in the Mid-Atlantic Region with 134 kg N ha−1producing the highest total yields in 2009 and 2010. If tuber rots can be controlled, both “Goldrush” and “Norkotah” are acceptable varieties under the Mid-Atlantic production practices.

scholarly journals Suitability of peanut residue as a nitrogen source for a rye cover crop

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kipling Shane Balkcom ◽  
Charles Wesley Wood ◽  
James Fredrick Adams ◽  
Bernard Meso
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
N Application ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Biomass Yields

Leguminous winter cover crops have been utilized in conservation systems to partially meet nitrogen (N) requirements of succeeding summer cash crops, but the potential of summer legumes to reduce N requirements of a winter annual grass, used as a cover crop, has not been extensively examined. This study assessed the N contribution of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) residues to a subsequent rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop grown in a conservation system on a Dothan sandy loam (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Plinthic Kandiudults) at Headland, AL USA during the 2003-2005 growing seasons. Treatments were arranged in a split plot design, with main plots of peanut residue retained or removed from the soil surface, and subplots as N application rates (0, 34, 67 and 101 kg ha-1) applied in the fall. Peanut residue had minimal to no effect on rye biomass yields, N content, carbon (C) /N ratio, or N, P, K, Ca and Zn uptake. Additional N increased rye biomass yield, and N, P, K, Ca, and Zn uptakes. Peanut residue does not contribute significant amounts of N to a rye cover crop grown as part of a conservation system, but retaining peanut residue on the soil surface could protect the soil from erosion early in the fall and winter before a rye cover crop grows sufficiently to protect the typically degraded southeastern USA soils.

Sweetpotato Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied Postemergence

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 993-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. MacRae ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Roger B. Batts ◽  
Allan C. Thorton ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Total Crop

Studies were conducted in 2003 and 2004 to determine the effect of application timing and halosulfuron rate on sweetpotato yield and quality. Halosulfuron was applied 1, 2, and 4 wks after transplanting (WAP) sweetpotato in 2003, and 2, 3, and 4 WAP in 2004. Treatments within each timing included halosulfuron at 13, 26, 39, 52, and 65 g ai/ha plus a weed-free control. Combined over year, site, cultivar and rate, halosulfuron applied at 1, 2, 3, and 4 WAP stunted sweetpotato 32, 15, 11, and 14%, respectively, rated 2 wks after treatment. The stunting observed with the 1 and 2 WAP timings caused a 17 and 10% reduction in yield of No. 1 roots, respectively, compared with the weed-free control. The 3 and 4 WAP timings of halosulfuron did not reduce yield of No. 1 roots. Total yield was reduced approximately 11% at the 1, 2, and 3 WAP application timings. Halosulfuron at 4 WAP did not reduce total yield. Combined over year, site, and cultivar, halosulfuron applied at 39 g/ha did not reduce the weight of No. 1 roots or total crop yield and thus could be an effective POST option for weed control in sweetpotato.

Barley response to nitrogen rate and timing in a Mediterranean environment

1995 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Ramos ◽  
I. De La Morena ◽  
L. F. Garcia Del Moral
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
N Application ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Area Response

SUMMARYNitrogen is an important factor determining grain yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Optimal rates and application timing can vary according to the environmental conditions under which the crop is grown. For 8 years (1979–86) barley yield, tillering, and leaf-area response to N application rates and timing were studied in southern Spain. The results showed that, under our experimental conditions, the most advantageous N rate for grain yield was 60 kg/ha, either split equally between sowing and tillering, or else with the greater proportion applied at tillering. Nitrogen applied at sowing increased number of tillers per plant, and N applied at tillering favoured tiller survival for later spike formation. In addition, N applied at tillering increased the number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, and the leaf area index, the maximum value of which occurred at anthesis.

The control of sucker growth in tobacco by growth substances and mineral oils.

1953 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
J Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Growth Substances ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Highly Effective

Indoleacetic acid ranging in concentration from 50 to 10,000 p.p.m. significantly reduced the growth of suckers on plants which had had the apical leaves and inflorescence excised. Five mineral oils significantly reduced the suckering in tobacco grown in the glass-house. Twelve mineral oils tested in north Queensland under conditions similar to commercial growing were all highly effective in reducing sucker growth. As the concentration of indoleacetic acid increased, the epinastic effect on the leaves became more pronounced. The mineral oils did not produce epinasty. No pathological reactions were observed with any of the treatments. Maleic hydrazide was the only growth regulator used in the field that significantly reduced sucker growth.

scholarly journals Using Insurance to Enhance Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Timing to Reduce Nitrogen Losses

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yuan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Expected Utility ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
N Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Risk Cost

AbstractNitrogen applied before planting is more vulnerable to loss to the environment than nitrogen applied during the growing season, but the growing season application can increase the risk of lower yields caused by adverse weather that prohibits farmers to complete N application. An expected utility framework is used to illustrate the potential economic benefit of insurance for a farmer to reduce this risk cost. An expected-value variance analysis is used to illustrate the potential benefit of insurance to Iowa corn growers who apply N fertilizer only during the growing season.

Plant metabolic studies of the growth regulator maleic hydrazide

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2713-2715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Komossa ◽  
Heinrich Jr. Sandermann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Metabolic Studies
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