scholarly journals Applications and Nanotoxicity of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene in Biomedicine

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Fisher ◽  
Amanda E. Rider ◽  
Zhao Jun Han ◽  
Shailesh Kumar ◽  
Igor Levchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Carbon Structures ◽  
Safety And Toxicity ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Biomedical Fields

Owing to their unique mechanical, electrical, optical, and thermal properties, carbon nanostructures including carbon nanotubes and graphenes show great promise for advancing the fields of biology and medicine. Many reports have demonstrated the promise of these carbon nanostructures and their hybrid structures (composites with polymers, ceramics, and metal nanoparticles, etc.) for a variety of biomedical areas ranging from biosensing, drug delivery, and diagnostics, to cancer treatment, tissue engineering, and bioterrorism prevention. However, the issue of the safety and toxicity of these carbon nanostructures, which is vital to their use as diagnostic and therapeutic tools in biomedical fields, has not been completely resolved. This paper aims to provide a summary of the features of carbon nanotube and graphene-based materials and current research progress in biomedical applications. We also highlight the current opinions within the scientific community on the toxicity and safety of these carbon structures.

scholarly journals Filling of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 508-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reece D Gately ◽  
Marc in het Panhuis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Unique Structure ◽  
New Development

The reliable production of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres is a relatively new development, and due to their unique structure, there has been much interest in filling their hollow interiors. In this review, we provide an overview of the most common approaches for filling these carbon nanostructures. We highlight that filled carbon nanostructures are an emerging material for biomedical applications.

In Situ Growth of Carbon Nanotubes in Hydroxyapatite Matrix by Chemical Vapor Deposition

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 1671-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ying Lu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Sheng Yi Xia ◽  
Jian Xin Wang ◽  
Jie Weng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Biomedical Fields ◽  
Walled Cnts

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites have been successfully fabricated by a novel method for the biomedical applications, which is in situ growing CNTs in HA matrix in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system. The results show that it is feasible to in situ grow CNTs in HA matrix by CVD for the fabrication of CNTs/HA nanocomposites. Multi-walled CNTs with 50-80 nm in diameter have been grown in situ from HA matrix with the pretreatment of sintering at 1473K in air. The nanocomposites are composed with carbon crystals in CNTs form, HA crystallites and calcium phosphate crystallites, one of most important CaP bioceramics. And the CNTs content is about 1% proportion by weight among the composites in our experiments, which can enhance the HA mechanical properties and the CNTs content does not affect the HA performances. These CNTs/HA nanocomposites have the potential application in the biomedical fields.

Efficient oxygen reduction catalysts formed of cobalt phosphide nanoparticle decorated heteroatom-doped mesoporous carbon nanotubes

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (37) ◽  
pp. 7891-7894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuiyong Chen ◽  
Xiaobin Huang ◽  
Chaoying Wan ◽  
Hong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Electronic Interaction ◽  
Cobalt Phosphide ◽  
Carbon Structures ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Catalysts ◽  
Reduction Catalysts

Co2P nanoparticles could strongly promote the ORR catalytic performance of the heteroatom-doped carbon nanostructures via the electronic interaction between the embedded Co2P nanoparticles and the heteroatom-doped carbon structures.

scholarly journals Carbon Nanotube (CNTs): Structure, Synthesis, Purification, Functionalisation, Pharmacology, Toxicology, Biodegradation and Application as Nanomedicine and Biosensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 001 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayendrakumar Patel ◽  
Shalin Parikh ◽  
Shwetaben Patel ◽  
Ronak Patel ◽  
Payalben Patel
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Aggregation State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biomedical Fields

It is well acknowledged that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a potential new class of nanomaterials for technological advancement. The recent discovery of diverse kinds of carbon nanostructures has sparked interest in the potential applications of these materials in a variety of disciplines. Numerous distinct carbon nanotube (CNT) production methods have been developed, and their characterisation, separation, and manipulation of individual CNTs are now possible. Structure, surface area, surface charge, size distribution, surface chemistry, aggregation state, and purity of the samples all have a significant impact on the reactivity of carbon nanotubes, as does the purity of the samples. Currently, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are being successfully used in the medicinal, pharmaceutical, and biomedical fields because of their large surface area, which makes them capable of adsorbing or conjugating with a wide range of therapeutic and diagnostic substances (drugs, genes, vaccines, antibodies, biosensors, etc.). They were the first to demonstrate that they are a great vehicle for drug delivery straight into cells without the need for metabolic processing by the body. This paper discusses the different types, structures, and properties of CNTs, as well as CNT synthesis and purification methods, how to functionalize CNTs, and their application in medicinal, pharmaceutical, and biomedical fields, toxicological properties and their assessment, as well as in-vivo pharmacology and biodegradation pathways.

Research Progress on Application of Carbon Nanotubes and Related Nanocomposites in Nervous Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Aihua JIANG ◽  
Rui CHEN ◽  
Ru BAI ◽  
Fengxiang YAN ◽  
Chunying CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Nervous Systems

Graphene and Graphene-Based Materials in Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (38) ◽  
pp. 6834-6850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omaish Ansari ◽  
Kalamegam Gauthaman ◽  
Abdurahman Essa ◽  
Sidi A. Bencherif ◽  
Adnan Memic
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Drug And Gene Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Fields

: Nanobiotechnology has huge potential in the field of regenerative medicine. One of the main drivers has been the development of novel nanomaterials. One developing class of materials is graphene and its derivatives recognized for their novel properties present on the nanoscale. In particular, graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials have been shown to have excellent electrical, mechanical, optical and thermal properties. Due to these unique properties coupled with the ability to tune their biocompatibility, these nanomaterials have been propelled for various applications. Most recently, these two-dimensional nanomaterials have been widely recognized for their utility in biomedical research. In this review, a brief overview of the strategies to synthesize graphene and its derivatives are discussed. Next, the biocompatibility profile of these nanomaterials as a precursor to their biomedical application is reviewed. Finally, recent applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in various biomedical fields including tissue engineering, drug and gene delivery, biosensing and bioimaging as well as other biorelated studies are highlighted.

scholarly journals Graphene Integrated Hydrogels Based Biomaterials in Photothermal Biomedicine

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 906
Author(s):  
Le Minh Tu Phan ◽  
Thuy Anh Thu Vo ◽  
Thi Xoan Hoang ◽  
Sungbo Cho
Keyword(s):  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Light ◽  
Conversion Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Hydrogel Composites ◽  
Material Fabrication ◽  
Biomedical Fields

Recently, photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as one of the most promising biomedical strategies for different areas in the biomedical field owing to its superior advantages, such as being noninvasive, target-specific and having fewer side effects. Graphene-based hydrogels (GGels), which have excellent mechanical and optical properties, high light-to-heat conversion efficiency and good biocompatibility, have been intensively exploited as potential photothermal conversion materials. This comprehensive review summarizes the current development of graphene-integrated hydrogel composites and their application in photothermal biomedicine. The latest advances in the synthesis strategies, unique properties and potential applications of photothermal-responsive GGel nanocomposites in biomedical fields are introduced in detail. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the current progress in GGel material fabrication, photothermal properties and potential PTT-based biomedical applications, thereby aiding in more research efforts to facilitate the further advancement of photothermal biomedicine.

scholarly journals Digitally Patterned Mesoporous Carbon Nanostructures of Colorless Polyimide for Transparent and Flexible Micro-Supercapacitor

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2547
Author(s):  
Hyeonwoo Kim ◽  
Suwon Hwang ◽  
Taeseung Hwang ◽  
Jung Bin In ◽  
Junyeob Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Carbon Structure ◽  
Carbon Structures ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Mechanical Bending ◽  
Minimal Reduction ◽  
High Flexibility

Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of a flexible and transparent micro-supercapacitor (MSC), using colorless polyimide (CPI) via a direct laser writing carbonization (DLWC) process. The focused laser beam directly carbonizes the CPI substrate and generates a porous carbon structure on the surface of the CPI substrate. Fluorine, which is one of the chemical compositions of CPI, can enhance the specific area and the conductivity of the carbon electrode by creating micropores in carbon structures during carbonization. Thus, the fabricated carbonized CPI-based MSC shows enhanced specific capacitance (1.20 mF at 10 mV s−1) and better transmittance (44.9%) compared to the conventional PI-based MSC. Additionally, the fabricated carbonized CPI-based MSC shows excellent cyclic performance with minimal reduction (<~10%) in 3000 cycles and high capacitance retention under mechanical bending test conditions. Due to its high flexibility, transparency, and capacitance, we expect that carbonized CPI-based MSC can be further applied to various flexible and transparent applications.

scholarly journals Near-Field Communication in Biomedical Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Sung-Gu Kang ◽  
Min-Su Song ◽  
Joon-Woo Kim ◽  
Jung Woo Lee ◽  
Jeonghyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Near Field Communication ◽  
Disease Monitoring ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
New Sensors ◽  
Biomedical Fields

Near-field communication (NFC) is a low-power wireless communication technology used in contemporary daily life. This technology contributes not only to user identification and payment methods, but also to various biomedical fields such as healthcare and disease monitoring. This paper focuses on biomedical applications among the diverse applications of NFC. It addresses the benefits of combining traditional and new sensors (temperature, pressure, electrophysiology, blood flow, sweat, etc.) with NFC technology. Specifically, this report describes how NFC technology, which is simply applied in everyday life, can be combined with sensors to present vision and opportunities to modern people.

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