scholarly journals Control of Cultivable IAA-Producing Bacteria by the PlantArabidopsis thalianaand the EarthwormAporrectodea caliginosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Puga-Freitas ◽  
Samir Abbad ◽  
Agnès Gigon ◽  
Evelyne Garnier-Zarli ◽  
Manuel Blouin
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Control

Some soil microorganisms are involved in the complex interactions with plants and earthworms, through the production of indole acetic acid (IAA) which modifies plant growth and development. In a factorial experiment testing the impact of the presence/absence of plants and earthworms on IAA production by cultivable bacteria, we observed that plants were decreasing IAA production of 43%, whereas earthworms were increasing it of 46%. In the presence of both plant and earthworms, IAA production was as low as in the presence of plant control, showing that plants influence on IAA production by microorganisms prevails on earthworm influence. We discuss functional reasons which could explain this result.

scholarly journals Isolation, Morphological and Biochemical Characterization of Rhizobacteria from Arsenic Contaminated Paddy Soils in Bangladesh: An In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
M. M. Hossain ◽  
G. K. M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. A. M. Akanda ◽  
A. R. M. Solaiman ◽  
M. T. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Iaa Production

Soil-plant–microbes relations within the plant rhizosphere are the determinants of plant and soil health, which is important for soil ecological environment for plant-microbe interactions. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are considered to encourage plant growth and development directly or indirectly in soil. PGPR can demonstrate a diversity of characteristics responsible .for influencing plant growth and development. During this study, Twenty four different bacterial isolates were isolated, and detailed morphological, biochemical, and physiological characterizations of those isolates were accomplished. This experiment was performed with the 24 bacterial isolates to see their gram stain test, KOH test, catalase activity, cellulose degradation capability, in dole acetic acid (IAA) production, and phosphate solubilization activities, and also tested for growth within the different arsenic and salt stress conditions and 37°C temperature. Results revealed that among the rhizobacterial isolates, fifteen bacterial isolates were negative and nine was positive in gram reaction, while some were showed high IAA production ability, phosphate solubility capability, and cellulose degradation capacity within the culture media. The isolates were isolated from paddy soils and a few were characterized by a yellow color, flat elevation, and gram-positive, while some were characterized because of the yellowish color with round colony shape, raised elevation, gram-negative, and every one the isolates were positive in catalase production capacity and phosphate solubilization activity which is able to increase the available phosphorus within the soil for plants and also produced indole acetic acid that may use as a hormone to be used in growth enhancement of plants. Hence, these isolates need to be tested further for their effect on arsenic dynamics at the plant rhizosphere, selection of suitable plant species for the bacterial association, bacterial effect on arsenic uptake by plants, and potentials for field applications for sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Traits and Inoculation Effects on Triticum durum of Actinomycetes Isolates under Salt Stress Conditions

Soil Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Rihab Djebaili ◽  
Marika Pellegrini ◽  
Massimiliano Rossi ◽  
Cinzia Forni ◽  
Maria Smati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Assays

This study aimed to characterize the halotolerant capability, in vitro, of selected actinomycetes strains and to evaluate their competence in promoting halo stress tolerance in durum wheat in a greenhouse experiment. Fourteen isolates were tested for phosphate solubilization, indole acetic acid, hydrocyanic acid, and ammonia production under different salt concentrations (i.e., 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, and 1.5 M NaCl). The presence of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity was also investigated. Salinity tolerance was evaluated in durum wheat through plant growth and development parameters: shoot and root length, dry and ash-free dry weight, and the total chlorophyll content, as well as proline accumulation. In vitro assays have shown that the strains can solubilize inorganic phosphate and produce indole acetic acid, hydrocyanic acid, and ammonia under different salt concentrations. Most of the strains (86%) had 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity, with significant amounts of α-ketobutyric acid. In the greenhouse experiment, inoculation with actinomycetes strains improved the morpho-biochemical parameters of durum wheat plants, which also recorded significantly higher content of chlorophylls and proline than those uninoculated, both under normal and stressed conditions. Our results suggest that inoculation of halotolerant actinomycetes can mitigate the negative effects of salt stress and allow normal growth and development of durum wheat plants.

Into the Evening: Complex Interactions in the Arabidopsis circadian clock

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Huang ◽  
Dmitri A. Nusinow
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Interacting Proteins ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Direct Regulation

AbstractIn Arabidopsis thaliana, an assembly of proteins named the evening complex (EC) has been established as an essential component of the circadian clock with conserved functions in regulating plant growth and development. Recent studies identifying EC-regulated genes and EC-interacting proteins have expanded our understanding of EC function. In this review, we focus on new progress uncovering how the EC contributes to the circadian network through the integration of environmental inputs and the direct regulation of key clock genes. We also summarize new findings of how the EC directly regulates clock outputs, such as day-length dependent and thermoresponsive growth, and provide new perspectives on future experiments to address unsolved questions related to the EC.

scholarly journals Effect of exogenous salicylic acid or indole acetic acid on their endogenous levels, germination, and growth in maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragab A. El-Mergawi ◽  
Mohamed S. A. Abd El-Wahed
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Exogenous Salicylic Acid

Abstract Background Exogenous hormone applications modify the plant growth and development by inducing changes in their endogenous contents. However, it is not clear whether the effects of exogenous hormones on growth are direct or related with changes induced in endogenous hormones. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the effect of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) or indole acetic acid (IAA) on endogenous levels in soaked seeds, 5-day-old seedlings, and in vegetative growth of foliar-sprayed plants. The effects of different concentrations of two hormones on germination and growth of maize were also studied. Results The effect of presoaking maize seeds in solutions of SA or IAA (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mM) on their endogenous contents in soaked seeds or in 5-day-old seedlings. Soaked seeds absorbed more SA than IAA. In young seedlings, the majority of two hormones which absorbed during seed soaking remained in the residual seeds. Presoaking seeds in SA or IAA solutions suppressed the growth of 5-day-old seedlings. In the greenhouse experiment, endogenous SA and IAA increased after spraying two compounds at 0.25–2 mM, peaking 2 days after treatment then decreased on. However, plants treated with SA at 1 mM or 2 mM continued to pose higher levels of endogenous SA, 8 days later. At 20 days after treatments, all tested concentrations of two hormones significantly increased the fresh and dry weights of the whole plant. These inducing effects disappeared 40 days after spraying. Conclusion The obtained results demonstrated the changes in endogenous SA and IAA in soaked seeds, seedling, and foliar-sprayed plants due to their exogenous application. However, concentrations of two hormones did not produce any permanent enhancement effects on germination and plant growth.

scholarly journals Produksi IAA oleh Rhizobium sp. dalam medium sintetik dan serum lateks dengan suplementasi triptofan Indole acetic acid production by Rhizobium sp. on synthetic and latex serum media with tryptophan supplementation

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. SUHARYANTO ◽  
. TRI-PANJI ◽  
. GUSNANIAR
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Rhizobium Sp

AbstractThe utilization of latex effluent to producebioproduct like indole acetic acid (IAA) willreduce amount of effluent, as well as effluentprocessing cost and produce an economicallyprofitable product. IAA could be produced bysome rhizosphere microbes that could grow onlatex effluent using L-tryptophan (Trp) as itsprecursor. The aim of this research is todetermine potential growth and capability of IAAproduction by Rhizobium spp. R6 and KT onsynthetic and latex serum media supplementedwith pure Trp and with litter poultry manure as acheap source of Trp. The research coveredexamination of IAA producing Rhizobia usingliquid synthetic media supplemented with 0.07g/L and 0.14 g/L Trp. The potential Rhizobiumsp. in producing IAA was then inoculated intolatex serum media supplemented with pure Trpand Trp from litter poultry manure. Result of theresearch showed that the highest IAA productionwas reached as much as 51.08 µg/mL in syntheticmedia supplemented with 0.14 g/L Trp inoculatedwith Rhizobium sp. R6. IAA could be producedas much as 6.63 µg/mL in pasteurizedundiluted latex serum media supplemented with0.14 g/L Trp. Using latex serum mediasupplemented with Trp from litter poultry manureshowed that Rhizobium sp. R6 could produce11.91 µg/mL. Supplementation of pure syntheticTrp in IAA production could be replaced withlitter poultry manure as a cheap source of Trp.AbstrakPemanfaatan limbah lateks menjadi produkbio seperti asam indol asetat (IAA), dapatmengurangi volume limbah, menekan biayapengolahan limbah, serta menghasilkan produkyang bernilai ekonomis. IAA dapat dihasilkanoleh beberapa mikroba rhizosfer yang mamputumbuh dalam limbah lateks dengan L-triptofan(Trp) sebagai prekursor-nya. Penelitian bertujuanmenetapkan potensi pertumbuhan dan produksiIAA oleh Rhizobium spp. R6 dan KT dalammedium sintetik dan serum lateks yangdisuplementasi Trp sintetik dan kotoran ayamsebagai sumber Trp murah. Isolat potensial dalamproduksi IAA kemudian ditumbuhkan dalammedium serum lateks pekat yang disuplementasiTrp murni dan Trp dari kotoran ayam. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi IAAtertinggi diperoleh dalam medium sintetik olehRhizobium sp. R6, sebesar 51,08 µg/mL. IAAdapat diproduksi sebesar 6,63 µg/mL dalammedium serum lateks 100% + Trp 0,14 g/L yangdipasteurisasi. Dalam medium serum lateks yangdisuplementasi Trp dari kotoran ayam, produksiIAA Rhizobium sp. R6 dapat mencapai 11,91µg/mL. Suplementasi Trp murni dalam produksiIAA dapat digantikan dengan kotoran ayamsebagai sumber Trp yang mura

scholarly journals Production and Metabolism of Indole Acetic Acid in Root Nodules and Symbiont (Rhizobium undicola) Isolated from Root Nodule of Aquatic Medicinal Legume Neptunia oleracea Lour.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallab Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Tarun Kumar De ◽  
Tushar Kanti Maiti
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Plant Microbe Interaction ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Pgpr Traits

Indole acetic acid is a phytohormone which plays a vital role in plant growth and development. The purpose of this study was to shed some light on the production of IAA in roots, nodules, and symbionts of an aquatic legume Neptunia oleracea and its possible role in nodular symbiosis. The symbiont (N37) was isolated from nodules of this plant and identified as Rhizobium undicola based on biochemical characteristics, 16S rDNA sequence homology, and DNA-DNA hybridization results. The root nodules were found to contain more IAA and tryptophan than root; however, no detectable amount of IAA was found in root. The IAA metabolizing enzymes IAA oxidase, IAA peroxidase (E.C.1.11.1.7), and polyphenol oxidase (E.C.1.14.18.1) were higher in root than nodule but total phenol and IAA content were reversed. The strain N37 was found to produce copious amount of IAA in YEM broth medium with tryptophan and reached its stationary phase at 20 h. An enrichment of the medium with mannitol, ammonium sulphate, B12, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde was found to promote the IAA production. The presence of IAA metabolizing enzymes and IAA production with PGPR traits including ACC deaminase activity of the symbionts was essential for plant microbe interaction and nodule function.

scholarly journals Produksi IAA oleh Rhizobium sp. dalam medium sintetik dan serum lateks dengan suplementasi triptofan Indole acetic acid production by Rhizobium sp. on synthetic and latex serum media with tryptophan supplementation

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. SUHARYANTO ◽  
. TRI-PANJI ◽  
. GUSNANIAR
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Rhizobium Sp

AbstractThe utilization of latex effluent to producebioproduct like indole acetic acid (IAA) willreduce amount of effluent, as well as effluentprocessing cost and produce an economicallyprofitable product. IAA could be produced bysome rhizosphere microbes that could grow onlatex effluent using L-tryptophan (Trp) as itsprecursor. The aim of this research is todetermine potential growth and capability of IAAproduction by Rhizobium spp. R6 and KT onsynthetic and latex serum media supplementedwith pure Trp and with litter poultry manure as acheap source of Trp. The research coveredexamination of IAA producing Rhizobia usingliquid synthetic media supplemented with 0.07g/L and 0.14 g/L Trp. The potential Rhizobiumsp. in producing IAA was then inoculated intolatex serum media supplemented with pure Trpand Trp from litter poultry manure. Result of theresearch showed that the highest IAA productionwas reached as much as 51.08 µg/mL in syntheticmedia supplemented with 0.14 g/L Trp inoculatedwith Rhizobium sp. R6. IAA could be producedas much as 6.63 µg/mL in pasteurizedundiluted latex serum media supplemented with0.14 g/L Trp. Using latex serum mediasupplemented with Trp from litter poultry manureshowed that Rhizobium sp. R6 could produce11.91 µg/mL. Supplementation of pure syntheticTrp in IAA production could be replaced withlitter poultry manure as a cheap source of Trp.AbstrakPemanfaatan limbah lateks menjadi produkbio seperti asam indol asetat (IAA), dapatmengurangi volume limbah, menekan biayapengolahan limbah, serta menghasilkan produkyang bernilai ekonomis. IAA dapat dihasilkanoleh beberapa mikroba rhizosfer yang mamputumbuh dalam limbah lateks dengan L-triptofan(Trp) sebagai prekursor-nya. Penelitian bertujuanmenetapkan potensi pertumbuhan dan produksiIAA oleh Rhizobium spp. R6 dan KT dalammedium sintetik dan serum lateks yangdisuplementasi Trp sintetik dan kotoran ayamsebagai sumber Trp murah. Isolat potensial dalamproduksi IAA kemudian ditumbuhkan dalammedium serum lateks pekat yang disuplementasiTrp murni dan Trp dari kotoran ayam. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi IAAtertinggi diperoleh dalam medium sintetik olehRhizobium sp. R6, sebesar 51,08 µg/mL. IAAdapat diproduksi sebesar 6,63 µg/mL dalammedium serum lateks 100% + Trp 0,14 g/L yangdipasteurisasi. Dalam medium serum lateks yangdisuplementasi Trp dari kotoran ayam, produksiIAA Rhizobium sp. R6 dapat mencapai 11,91µg/mL. Suplementasi Trp murni dalam produksiIAA dapat digantikan dengan kotoran ayamsebagai sumber Trp yang mura

scholarly journals MULTIFUNCTIONAL MUTANTS OF Azospirillum sp. WITH ENHANCED CAPABILITY OF SOLUBILIZING PHOSPHORUS, FIXING NITROGEN AND PRODUCING INDOLE ACETIC ACID

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Eny Ida Riyanti ◽  
Toto Hadiarto ◽  
D.N. Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Ems Mutagenesis ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Nitrogenase Activities

Azospirillum sp. have long been known as biofertilizer for plant growth because of its capability to produce phytohormones and fix nitrogen from the atmosphere. Multifunctional Azospirillum strain Aj Bandung 6.4.1.2 isolated in 2009 from cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) rhizosphere in Lembang, Bandung, West Java, was capable of fixing nitrogen, solubilizing tricalcium-phosphate, and producing phytohormone indole acetic acid (IAA). The study aimed to modify the multifunctions of Azos-pirillum sp. for better capability of fixing N2, solubilizing P, and producing IAA using ethyl methanesulfonate and 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (EMS) mutagen. The study was conducted at Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD) in 2010. The results showed that this strain was genetically mutagenized using EMS for better performance in solubilizing P, fixing N2 (nitrogenase activity), and producing phytohormone (IAA). The optimum concentration and the length of incubation time for the process have been determined. Nine selected mutants with increasing capability to solubilize P (determined by clear-zone formation on Pikovskaya’s medium) have been characterized for nitrogenase activities and IAA production compared to wild type Aj Bandung 6.4.1.2. The effect of mutagenesis on IAA produc-tion and nitrogenase activities varied among the mutans. Two mutants, AzM 3.7.1.16 and AzM 1.7.2.12, showed superiority in the production of IAA, while two mutants, AzM 1.5.1.14 and AzM 3.7.1.15, were superior in nitrogenase activities. The EMS mutagenesis of Azospirillum sp. showed enhanced dissolving capa-bility of unsoluble phosphate (tricalciumphosphate) and increased IAA production and nitrogenase activity.  <br /><br />

scholarly journals MULTIFUNCTIONAL MUTANTS OF Azospirillum sp. WITH ENHANCED CAPABILITY OF SOLUBILIZING PHOSPHORUS, FIXING NITROGEN AND PRODUCING INDOLE ACETIC ACID

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Eny Ida Riyanti ◽  
Toto Hadiarto ◽  
D.N. Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Ems Mutagenesis ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Nitrogenase Activities

Azospirillum sp. have long been known as biofertilizer for plant growth because of its capability to produce phytohormones and fix nitrogen from the atmosphere. Multifunctional Azospirillum strain Aj Bandung 6.4.1.2 isolated in 2009 from cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) rhizosphere in Lembang, Bandung, West Java, was capable of fixing nitrogen, solubilizing tricalcium-phosphate, and producing phytohormone indole acetic acid (IAA). The study aimed to modify the multifunctions of Azos-pirillum sp. for better capability of fixing N2, solubilizing P, and producing IAA using ethyl methanesulfonate and 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (EMS) mutagen. The study was conducted at Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD) in 2010. The results showed that this strain was genetically mutagenized using EMS for better performance in solubilizing P, fixing N2 (nitrogenase activity), and producing phytohormone (IAA). The optimum concentration and the length of incubation time for the process have been determined. Nine selected mutants with increasing capability to solubilize P (determined by clear-zone formation on Pikovskaya’s medium) have been characterized for nitrogenase activities and IAA production compared to wild type Aj Bandung 6.4.1.2. The effect of mutagenesis on IAA produc-tion and nitrogenase activities varied among the mutans. Two mutants, AzM 3.7.1.16 and AzM 1.7.2.12, showed superiority in the production of IAA, while two mutants, AzM 1.5.1.14 and AzM 3.7.1.15, were superior in nitrogenase activities. The EMS mutagenesis of Azospirillum sp. showed enhanced dissolving capa-bility of unsoluble phosphate (tricalciumphosphate) and increased IAA production and nitrogenase activity.  <br /><br />

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