scholarly journals Contrast-Induced Neurotoxicity following Cardiac Catheterization

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Law ◽  
Kessarin Panichpisal ◽  
Melaku Demede ◽  
Sabu John ◽  
Jonathan D. Marmur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Innominate Artery ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Nonionic Contrast Medium ◽  
The Right ◽  
Radiological Procedures

We report a case of probable contrast-induced neurotoxicity that followed a technically challenging cardiac catheterization in a 69-year-old woman. The procedure had involved the administration of a large cumulative dose of an iodinated, nonionic contrast medium into the innominate artery: twelve hours following the catheterization, the patient developed a seizure followed by a left hemiplegia, and an initial computed tomography (CT) scan showed sulcal effacement in the right cerebral hemisphere due to cerebral swelling. The patient’s clinical symptoms resolved within 24 hours, and magnetic resonance imaging at 32 hours showed resolution of swelling. Contrast-induced neurotoxicity should be found in the differential diagnosis of acute neurological deficits occurring after radiological procedures involving iodinated contrast media, whether ionic or nonionic.

scholarly journals Isolated leptomeningeal angiomatosis in the sixth decade of life, an adulthood variant of Sturge Weber Syndrome (Type III): role of advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Digital Subtraction Angiography in diagnosis

BMC Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vetrivel Muralidharan ◽  
Gaetano Failla ◽  
Mario Travali ◽  
Tiziana Liliana Cavallaro ◽  
Marco Angelo Politi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Hyperintense Signal ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Weber Syndrome ◽  
Sturge Weber Syndrome ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is primarily diagnosed in pediatric population, but clinical presentation in late adulthood is rarely reported. Evolution of radiological findings in the adulthood variant of SWS with isolated leptomeningeal angiomatosis has never been reported to our knowledge. Case presentation We report here a case of an isolated temporo-parieto-occipital leptomeningeal angiomatosis on the right cerebral hemisphere in a sixty-two-year-old male who presented with generalized seizure, GCS score 14/15 (E4 V4 M6) with equal and reacting pupils, psychomotor slowing, left hemineglect and grade 4 power in the left upper and lower limbs. Over a period of 48 h his neurological status deteriorated, but recovered spontaneously over a week on titration with anticonvulsants. He had a prior history of treatment for focal leptomeningitis, three years ago. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed glucose of 75 mg/dL, proteins of 65 mg/dL and culture grew no organisms. On follow-up, he had intermittent episodes of focal seizure for two years. Initial, computed tomography of brain showed hyperdense lesion in the parieto-occipital convexity subarachnoid space on the right cerebral hemisphere mimicking subarachnoid hemorrhage and computed tomography angiography showed no significant abnormality. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain showed intense pial enhancement in the right temporo-parieto-occipital region with a subtle T2W hyperintense signal in the underlying subcortical white matter without edema or infarct or mass effect. Digital subtraction cerebral angiography (DSA) showed hypertrophy of the cerebral arteries, arteriolo-capillary bed and venules in the right temporo-parieto-occipital territory associated with early arterio-capillary and venous opacification. Serial MRI done after six months, one and two years showed increase in the T2W hyperintense signal in the subcortical white matter and cortical atrophy with no changes in the pial enhancement. MR perfusion imaging showed reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the right parieto-temporo-occipital cortical and subcortical regions and increased perfusion in the leptomeninges with reduction of the NAA / Cr ratios in spectroscopy. Conclusion Conglomeration of various radiological findings in MRI, Perfusion, MRS and DSA with the clinical presentation can aid in establishing the diagnosis of this rare presentation of SWS-type 3 variant in late adulthood.

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Schizophrenia: Brain Structure and Clinical Symptoms

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Young ◽  
D. H. R. Blackwood ◽  
H. Roxborough ◽  
J. K. McQueen ◽  
M. J. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Schizophrenic Group ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Right

Thirty-one patients with schizophrenia and 33 normal control subjects underwent MRI. The BPRS was used to rate clinical symptoms and the NART to estimate premorbid IQ. All were right handed. The temporal lobe was significantly smaller on the left than the right in both the control and schizophrenic groups. The amygdala was smaller on the left than the right in controls but not in schizophrenics. The parahippocampal gyrus was smaller on the left side in the schizophrenic group but not in controls. In the schizophrenic group, ventricular enlargement and cerebral atrophy were significantly related to severity of symptoms. Patients with marked negative symptoms had a bilateral reduction in the size of the head of caudate and the two measures were significantly correlated. Patients with marked positive symptoms had larger VBRs and again the clinical and morphometric changes were significantly correlated. There were no morphometric differences between patients with short duration (two years or less) and chronic symptoms.

scholarly journals A Case of Multiple Phleboliths on the Medial Side of the Right Mandible

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Shinichi Sato ◽  
Masato Takahashi ◽  
Tetsu Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Venous Malformation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
Neck Fracture ◽  
The Right ◽  
D Dimer

A 66-year-old female patient was admitted to the orthopedic department due to a left femoral neck fracture. She received perioperative oral management prior to femoral head replacement. Laboratory blood tests indicated an elevated D-dimer level, which suggested the presence of a venous malformation. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and short TI inversion recovery indicated the presence of multiple phleboliths medial to the right mandibular ramus. No swelling, redness, or salivary colic pain was observed. Owing to the absence of clinical symptoms, the patient elected to undergo observation of the lesion, as opposed to surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Overview of The Head CT-Scan in Stroke Patients who was Treated at Muhammadiyah Hospital Palembang

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Pratrisna Yusastra ◽  
Indriyani Indriyani ◽  
Budi Utama
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Thalamic Lesion ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
The Right

Background: Stroke is a collection of symptoms of neurological deficits due to sudden acute disturbance of brain function, both focal and global, caused by blockage or rupture of arteries and veins and proven by imaging and/or reflex pathology. Using CT-Scan, the description of acute phase stroke can be easier and can determine the appropriate treatment criteria for stroke. Purposes: To determine characteristic Head CT-Scan image of stroke patients hospitalized in Muhammadiyah Palembang Hospital. Methods: This study was conducted in a retrospective descriptive manner and obtained a sample of 41 stroke patients according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria using total sampling. Result: In this study, there were 28 patients (68.2%) with ischemic stroke and 13 patients (31.7%) with hemorrhagic stroke. Head CT-Scan image of ischemic stroke shows basal ganglia lesion (28.5%) and the right hemisphere lesions (57.1%) as the most predominant area. Head CT-Scan image of hemorrhagic stroke (58.3%) had intracerebral hemorrhage with the dominant thalamic lesion area (66.6%) and the right hemisphere (58.3%) had the most lesions with 8 patients (66, 6%) had a midline shift. Stroke patients were treated as experienced by the elderly (90.2%) and were dominated by the female sex (63.4%) and are dominated by clinical symptoms of hemiparesis (29.2%). Conclusion: Stroke patients at Muhammadiyah Palembang hospital dominated by ischemic stroke and on head CT Scan image predominantly shows lesions on the right cerebral hemisphere.

scholarly journals Intramedullary Cervical Tuberculoma: A Case Report With Note on Surgical Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Bin Ju ◽  
Dong-Ming Guo ◽  
Fan-Fan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Cervical Cord ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intramedullary Lesion ◽  
The Right

Abstract This study aims to report a relatively rare entity—intramedullary tuberculum of cervical spine—and describe its management and some key learning points. Intramedullary tuberculomas are rare entities. Intramedullary tuberculoma is most commonly found in the thoracic cord of a patient and is rarely seen in the cervical cord. We present an intramedullary cervical tuberculoma in a 21-year-old patient with finding of spinal cord compression. All 4 limbs were spastic, with grade 1 power on the right side and grade 3 power on the left side. Sensory deficit was found below the C6 level. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an intramedullary lesion at the C5 to C6 levels. Intramedullary tuberculoma was diagnosed based on clinical symptoms, physical examination, previous history, and magnetic resonance imaging. A C5 to C7 laminectomy was performed. Intramedullary tuberculoma was resected by microsurgery. One year after the surgery, strength returned to normal grade 5. Excellent clinical outcome was obtained with a combination of both medical and surgical treatments. Intramedullary cervical tuberculoma should be removed without delay to eliminate any mass effect on the neurons as soon as possible.

scholarly journals Case Report: A 62-Year-Old Woman With Contrast-Induced Encephalopathy Caused by Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysm

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ming Zhou ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Pengfei Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
The Right ◽  
Occipital Lobes ◽  
Supportive Management ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Benign Course

Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare complication of endovascular treatment and is extensively reported as a transient and reversible phenomenon. This report describes a 62-year-old woman for embolization of an internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm. The operation was successful, but postoperation the patient suffered unconsciousness, blindness, hemiplegia, ophthalmoplegia, fever, and seizures. CT of the brain without the contrast showed widespread edema in the right cerebral hemisphere, which is involved in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. She was diagnosed with CIE in time and treated with supportive management as soon as possible, and fortunately, the patient improved a benign course and was discharged without any neurological deficits. This study emphasizes the prevention of the CIE and the importance of early diagnosis and symptomatic treatment.

Decompression of idiopathic lumbar epidural lipomatosis: diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging evaluation and review of the literature

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Ishikawa ◽  
Yoichi Shimada ◽  
Naohisa Miyakoshi ◽  
Tetsuya Suzuki ◽  
Michio Hongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Japanese Orthopaedic Association ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Epidural Lipomatosis ◽  
Epidural Fat ◽  
Spinal Epidural

Object Idiopathic symptomatic spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) is a rare condition, and few reports have discussed diagnostic imaging criteria. To evaluate factors relating to its clinical symptoms, correlations between clinical features and the presence of spinal epidural fat were investigated, and the literature concerning idiopathic SEL was reviewed. Methods Morphological gradings of epidural fat were evaluated in seven patients with idiopathic SEL by using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. In addition, body mass index (BMI), the number of involved vertebral levels, grade, and preoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were analyzed. Surgery resulted in symptomatic relief, with a mean JOA score recovery rate of 67.4%. Grading of epidural fat tended to display a slight negative correlation with preoperative JOA score, whereas a strong significant positive correlation was found between the number of involved vertebral levels and BMI. Conclusions The number of involved vertebral levels and obesity are strongly correlated, whereas severity of dural compression is not always significantly associated with neurological complications. These results indicate that epidural fat of the lumbar spine contributes to neurological deficits. In addition, weight-reduction therapy appears to decrease the number of vertebral levels involved. Magnetic resonance imaging–based grading is helpful for the diagnosis and evaluation of idiopathic lumbar SEL. Moreover, symptoms and neurological findings are important for determining the surgical approach.

Magnetic resonance imaging for low back pain: indications and limitations

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (01) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
N J Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Spinal Diseases ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
National Guidelines

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred investigation for most spinal diseases and is increasingly requested for people with low back pain (LBP). However, determining the cause of back pain is complicated as it is often multifactorial and anatomical abnormalities are common in the spine and may not necessarily translate into clinical symptoms. Thus, national guidelines discourage the use of MRI in non-specific LBP and recommend reserving it for the investigation of severe or progressive neurological deficits or for those cases in which serious underlying pathology is suspected. It also has an acknowledged role in planning surgical management in cases of radiculopathy and spinal stenosis. This review summarises the indications for MRI in LBP and calls for improved education of patients and health professionals in the limitations of this investigation.

Endovascular Stent-Grafting of the Ascending Aorta for Symptomatic Parietal Thrombus

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Kahlberg ◽  
Matteo Montorfano ◽  
Tommaso Cambiaghi ◽  
Luca Bertoglio ◽  
Germano Melissano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stent Graft ◽  
Innominate Artery ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Aortic Blood Flow ◽  
Stent Grafting ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Greater Curvature ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
The Right

Purpose: To present stent-graft treatment of parietal thrombus in the ascending aorta. Case Report: A 64-year-old man with no history of vascular disease developed a right cerebral hemisphere transient ischemic attack and was diagnosed with mural thrombosis of the ascending aorta involving the greater curvature just proximal to the origin of the innominate artery. He was treated for 2 months with anticoagulants, but new imaging studies showed significant increase in the size of the thrombus and an irregular aspect. The thrombus was excluded from the aortic blood flow by deployment of a custom-made stent-graft in the ascending aorta, with embolic protection of the right internal carotid artery. At 6 months, the patient was well, and the thrombus in the ascending aorta appears to be completely excluded by the stent-graft. Conclusion: In highly selected cases, custom-made thoracic stent-grafts may be used for stabilization and exclusion of symptomatic ascending aorta parietal thrombosis to prevent progression and recurrent embolization.

The Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Fatty Filum Terminale

Neurosurgery ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketan R. Bulsara ◽  
Ali R. Zomorodi ◽  
David S. Enterline ◽  
Timothy M. George
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mri Scans

Abstract OBJECTIVE To determine whether there are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of fatty fila that are correlated with neurological deficits, especially in the presence of a normal-level conus medullaris. METHODS Lumbosacral MRI scans were reviewed for patients with fatty fila who were treated at Duke University Medical Center during a 5-year period. The patients were divided into three groups. Group I patients (n = 5) had fatty fila that were incidentally detected during evaluations for metastases or infections. Group II patients (n = 16) exhibited isolated low back pain but were in neurologically intact condition. Group III patients (n = 15) exhibited neurological impairments consistent with distal spinal cord dysfunction. Several characteristics were measured on the MRI scans, including the location of the conus medullaris, the filum thickness, and the distance of fat from the conus. These results were assessed for statistically significant correlation with the presence of clinical symptoms. RESULTS The majority of patients in all three groups demonstrated the normal conus position (L2 or above) and thickened fila. The distance of fat from the conus was the only parameter that demonstrated a statistically significant difference among the groups. CONCLUSION The following findings were noted: 1) patients were likely to exhibit neurological deficits at a younger age (<22 yr in Group III versus 47 yr in Groups I and II); 2) a conus level below L2 was associated with neurological deficits (Group III); 3) filum thickness was not correlated with clinical presentation; 4) fat in the filum within 13 mm of the conus medullaris was most predictive of neurological deficits (Group III).

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