scholarly journals Research on the Behavior Characteristics of Pedestrian Crowd Weaving Flow in Transport Terminal

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liya Yao ◽  
Lishan Sun ◽  
Zhiyong Zhang ◽  
Shuwei Wang ◽  
Jian Rong
Keyword(s):  
Field Investigation ◽  
Evolution Law ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
Transfer Flow ◽  
Pedestrian Crowd

Due to the poor transfer organization in urban public transport terminal, pedestrian crowd are often forced to weaving in their transfer flow lines. Frequent weaving behaviors not only decrease passengers’ transfer comfort, but may also trigger serious crowd disaster such as trampling. In order to get accurate understanding of the weaving features of pedestrian crowd and analyze the relevant evolution law, researches have been conducted on the basis of field investigation. First, the typical weaving phenomenon were defined and classified, and a microscopic parameters system of pedestrian crowd weaving flow was constructed. The detection and quantification methods of multiple indicator parameters were also given. Then, correlation between different behavioral parameters was analyzed based on the survey data of weaving pedestrian crowd on the stairs of DongZhiMen (DZM) hub. The basic characteristics and evolution law of the weaving behaviors were then discussed, and conclusions were drawn.

Investigation and Simulation on Human Emergency Evacuation Behavior in an Academic Building

2013 ◽  
Vol 444-445 ◽  
pp. 1564-1568
Author(s):  
Rong Xue Shang ◽  
Pei Hong Zhang ◽  
Shu Jiao Tong ◽  
Yin Liang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Evacuation Behavior ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
Evacuation Management ◽  
Safety Evacuation ◽  
Academic Building

The field investigation of the human evacuation behavior of young people under time pressure in campus is conducted in Northeastern University of Shenyang. Based on the analysis of the observation of human evacuation behavior characteristics, scenarios of human evacuation in academic building under different evacuation management strategy are simulated and compared by FDS+Evac. The analysis results show that the crowd flow coefficient will be increasing under time pressure. The congestion of the crowd in academic building can be alleviated effectively on the base of batches evacuation management. The Real Safety Evacuation Time (RSET) can be reduced if the layout of exits is designed felicitously. Therefore, emergency drill such as fire drill is suggested to proceed periodically and regularly so that human can have opportunity to experience emergent and hazard surroundings to improve their ability of evacuation in emergency.

scholarly journals Investigation on Derailment of Empty Wagons of Long Freight Train during Dynamic Braking

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Ge ◽  
Kaiyun Wang ◽  
Lirong Guo ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Kaikai Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Running Safety ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
The World ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Dynamic Braking ◽  
Yaw Angle ◽  
Large Wheel

The derailments of empty wagons of long freight trains frequently occurred around the world, which caused tremendous losses every year. Aiming at an actual derailment of empty wagons on straight line during dynamic braking, the field investigation was conducted to find the reasons of the accident. According to the investigation results, the large coupler yaw angle and coupler force, the special connection mode by drawbars, as well as the poor conditions of wheel treads and flanges were supposed to be responsible for the accident. The simulaiton model composed of 3 C80-type gondolas, and two RFC-type drawbars is established, the accuracy of which is validated by the field experimental test. When the wheel-rail friction coefficient is set to be 0.7 and the coupler forces are set to be 350 kN with a coupler yaw angle of 7 degrees, the simulation results are consistent with the field investigation results. Simulation results indicate that the coupler yaw angle, coupler force, and wheel-rail friction coefficient have significant influences on the derailment. The increasing coupler yaw angle and coupler force will increase the risk of derailment. For the wagon units adopting the drawbars, the riskiest wagon changes from the middle wagon to the front one as the lateral components of the coupler forces increase. A large wheel-rail friction coefficient can raise the risk of derailment. However, an overlarge friction coefficient will decrease the derailment risk. According to the field investigation and simulation results, the wheel-rail friction coefficients should be limited below 0.5 to ensure the running safety of empty wagons. Besides, the operations of the train should be optimized to avoid large coupler yaw angle and coupler force.

Characterizing and predicting the cross-app behavior in mobile search

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaobo Liang
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavior Prediction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Diary Method ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
User Experiment ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the users' cross-app behavior characteristics in mobile search and to predict users' cross-app behavior using multi-dimensional information.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a longitudinal user experiment in 15 days. This paper recruited 30 participants and collected their mobile phone log data in the whole experiment. The structured diary method was also used to collect contextual information in mobile search.FindingsThis study focused on the users' cross-app behavior in mobile search and described cross-app behavior's basic characteristics. Usage of communication app and tool apps could trigger more cross-app behavior in mobile search. The method of cross-app behavior prediction in the mobile search was proposed. Collecting users' more contextual information, such as search tasks, search motivation and other environmental information, can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of cross-app behavior in mobile search.Practical implicationsThe future research on cross-app behavior prediction should focus on context information in mobile search. Better prediction of cross-app behavior can reduce the users' interaction burden.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to research into cross-app behavior, especially in the mobile search research domain.

scholarly journals Characteristic Analysis of Unsafe Behavior by Coal Miners: Multi-Dimensional Description of the Pan-Scene Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruipeng Tong ◽  
Yanwei Zhang ◽  
Pengcheng Cui ◽  
Cunli Zhai ◽  
Meng Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Unsafe Behavior ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Explosion Accidents ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
Realistic Scenes

As a high-risk occupation, coal mining has many accidents, primarily due to the unsafe behavior of coal miners. Based on the research of analysis of unsafe behavior and pan-scenario data of miners, a theoretical framework for the analysis of unsafe behavior characteristics was proposed in this paper. The collected data were divided into realistic scenes and abstract scenes according to different manifestations; the pan-scene data were described from the eight dimensions of time, behavioral trace, location, behavioral property, behavioral individual, degree, unsafe action, and specialty using a quantitative method for the structure conversion; and the rules were discovered through cluster analysis and association analysis. A total of 225 coal mine gas explosion accidents were used for analysis, and the pan-scene data description and structure conversion of unsafe behavior that caused these accidents were realized. In a certain cluster, the distribution rules of dimensions and the interaction between different dimensions of unsafe behavior were explored after analysis. The results show that the proposed eight dimensions can fully explain the basic characteristics and attributes of the unsafe behavior of coal miners. The structure conversion can reduce the workload of managers and effectively improve the safety data processing capabilities, and the result of data analysis can provide data support and a management basis for safety management. A new method and thought for the data analysis of miners’ unsafe behavior is provided.

scholarly journals BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF POVERTY AND POSSIBILITIES OF ITS OVERCOMING THIS USING MODERN INSTRUMENTS (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE BRYANSK REGION)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Karpenko ◽  
Mikhail Simutin
Keyword(s):  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Automated Management

The article discusses the problem of poverty in the Bryansk region, using tools for automated management of social systems analyzes the main indicators of social deprivation, reveals patterns in the deepening of the poor by their position. Habitualization of poverty is shown on the basis of a sociological study, a connection is made between the economic consequences of the coronavirus pandemic and the income structure of the poor, based on a sociological study of the pandemic situation, conclusions are drawn and proposals are made to stabilize the situation of the poor in the Bryansk region.

Research on Identifying and Avoiding Counterfeit Electronic Components

2014 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Ping Chen ◽  
Su Juan Zhang ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Security And Reliability ◽  
Basic Characteristics

As the poor development of domestic semiconductor industry in China, the manufacturing of electronic equipments highly depends on the import of electronic components, especially monolithic integrated chips. Unfortunately, numerous counterfeit parts have been found in the supply chain because of the embargo, obsolete and other complicated reasons. Once these counterfeit electronic components were used, they can have devastating effects on the security and reliability of the electronic equipments. This paper analyses the reason of the emergence, source and types of counterfeit electronic components, and expound the method of identification and avoiding use of those counterfeit parts in the process of electronic equipments manufacturing, which is based on destructive physical analysis of electronic components and the database of basic characteristics information of imported electronic components.

High-Resolution, Low-Voltage SEM of Cell Wall Regeneration of Yeast Shizosaccharomyces Pombe Protoplasts

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
M. Osumi ◽  
N. Yamada ◽  
T. Nagatani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Cell Wall Regeneration ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Beam Damage ◽  
Biological Field ◽  
Scanning Electron

Even though many early workers had suggested the use of lower voltages to increase topographic contrast and to reduce specimen charging and beam damage, we did not usually operate in the conventional scanning electron microscope at low voltage because of the poor resolution, especially of bioligical specimens. However, the development of the “in-lens” field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) has led to marked inprovement in resolution, especially in the range of 1-5 kV, within the past year. The probe size has been cumulated to be 0.7nm in diameter at 30kV and about 3nm at 1kV. We have been trying to develop techniques to use this in-lens FESEM at low voltage (LVSEM) for direct observation of totally uncoated biological specimens and have developed the LVSEM method for the biological field.

Artefacts in the x-ray microanalysis of frozen-hydrated biological samples

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
Patrick Echlin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Fracture Face ◽  
Detailed Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Appearance ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Freeze Dried

A number of papers have appeared recently which purport to have carried out x-ray microanalysis on fully frozen hydrated samples. It is important to establish reliable criteria to be certain that a sample is in a fully hydrated state. The morphological appearance of the sample is an obvious parameter because fully hydrated samples lack the detailed structure seen in their freeze dried counterparts. The electron scattering by ice within a frozen-hydrated section and from the surface of a frozen-hydrated fracture face obscures cellular detail. (Fig. 1G and 1H.) However, the morphological appearance alone can be quite deceptive for as Figures 1E and 1F show, parts of frozen-dried samples may also have the poor morphology normally associated with fully hydrated samples. It is only when one examines the x-ray spectra that an assurance can be given that the sample is fully hydrated.

Development of imaging plate for a TEM and its characteristics

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
N. Mori ◽  
T. Oikawa ◽  
Y. Harada ◽  
J. Miyahara ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Imaging Plate ◽  
Phosphor Layer ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
New Type ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Reading System

The Imaging Plate (IP) is a new type imaging device, which was developed for diagnostic x ray imaging. We have reported that usage of the IP for a TEM has many merits; those are high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and good linearity. However in the previous report the reading system was prototype drum-type-scanner, and IP was also experimentally made, which phosphor layer was 50μm thick with no protective layer. So special care was needed to handle them, and they were used only to make sure the basic characteristics. In this article we report the result of newly developed reading, printing system and high resolution IP for practical use. We mainly discuss the characteristics of the IP here. (Precise performance concerned with the reader and other system are reported in the other article.)Fig.1 shows the schematic cross section of the IP. The IP consists of three parts; protective layer, phosphor layer and support.

Influence of the Acoustic Reflex on Vowel Recognition

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dorman ◽  
Ingrid Cedar ◽  
Maureen Hannley ◽  
Marjorie Leek ◽  
Julie Mapes Lindholm
Keyword(s):  
Auditory System ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Stapedial Reflex ◽  
Vowel Recognition ◽  
High Sound

Computer synthesized vowels of 50- and 300-ms duration were presented to normal-hearing listeners at a moderate and high sound pressure level (SPL). Presentation at the high SPL resulted in poor recognition accuracy for vowels of a duration (50 ms) shorter than the latency of the acoustic stapedial reflex. Presentation level had no effect on recognition accuracy for vowels of sufficient duration (300 ms) to elicit the reflex. The poor recognition accuracy for the brief, high intensity vowels was significantly improved when the reflex was preactivated. These results demonstrate the importance of the acoustic reflex in extending the dynamic range of the auditory system for speech recognition.

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