scholarly journals Hormone Replacement Therapy and Risk for Neurodegenerative Diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richelin V. Dye ◽  
Karen J. Miller ◽  
Elyse J. Singer ◽  
Andrew J. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Hiv Associated Neurocognitive Disorder

Over the past two decades, there has been a significant amount of research investigating the risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with regards to neurodegenerative disease. Here, we review basic science studies, randomized clinical trials, and epidemiological studies, and discuss the putative neuroprotective effects of HRT in the context of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Findings to date suggest a reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease and improved cognitive functioning of postmenopausal women who use 17β-estradiol. With regards to Parkinson’s disease, there is consistent evidence from basic science studies for a neuroprotective effect of 17β-estradiol; however, results of clinical and epidemiological studies are inconclusive at this time, and there is a paucity of research examining the association between HRT and Parkinson’s-related neurocognitive impairment. Even less understood are the effects of HRT on risk for frontotemporal dementia and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Limits to the existing research are discussed, along with proposed future directions for the investigation of HRT and neurodegenerative diseases.

Hormone replacement therapy and epithelial ovarian cancer: is there and association?

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Riman
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Climacteric Symptoms ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Use ◽  
Ovarian Carcinogenesis

Recently it was estimated that about one-third of postmenopausal British women aged 50-64 years currently uses hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for treatment of climacteric symptoms and for other medical reasons. To reduce an excess risk of endometrial cancer induced by oestrogens, modern HRT regimens contain either sequential or continuous progestogens. The protective effect of parity and oral contraceptive use observed in the majority of epidemiological studies on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) suggest that hormonal factors are likely to operate in ovarian carcinogenesis. However, the studies where HRT was examined in relation to the risk of EOC have reported conflicting results. The objective of this epidemiological review is to evaluate the risk of EOC in relation to the use of HRT, with particular focus on the few studies where oestrogens and progestogens in HRT were assessed separately. Further, the findings regarding HRT and EOC risk will be discussed in the context of available aetiological hypotheses. Finally, any clinical implications are commented upon.

Post-Menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy and Stroke Risk

Cephalalgia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Kittner ◽  
M-G Bousser
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper will review available data bearing on the relationship of post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy to the risk of first or recurrent ischaemic stroke. Although experimental data from both human and animal studies will be briefly mentioned, the bulk of evidence is from observational epidemiological studies. As such, the limitations of observational studies, particularly as applied to the health effects of post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy, will be emphasized. We conclude that there is no compelling consistent evidence that post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy either decreases or increases stroke risk. There are, however, reasons to be concerned that this therapy may contribute to stroke risk.

Cognitive disorders in perimenopausal women

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
L. V. Tkachenko ◽  
O. V. Kurushina ◽  
Yu. S. Vorobyova
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Perimenopausal Women

The article is devoted to the discussion of possible mechanisms of the development of cognitive disorders, the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases and the level of sex hormones in women during perimenopause, a condition associated with endocrine changes caused by a decrease in the follicular mass of the ovaries, and, as a consequence, a decrease in the level of their steroid hormones (in particular, estrogen). It is known that estrogen has a neuroprotective effect, affects the mental and cognitive spheres. Reducing it in the perimenopausal period contributes to the appearance of vegetative symptoms (hot flashes, insomnia, mood changes, etc.), increases the risk of developing depressive-anxiety symptoms, cognitive disorders. In order to correct them and prevent the development of neurodegenerative diseases, it is possible to use hormone replacement therapy to prolong the neuroprotective effect of estrogens in a woman’s body.

scholarly journals Commentary: The Year in Basic Science: Update of Estrogen Plus Progestin Therapy for Menopausal Hormone Replacement Implicating Stem Cells in the Increased Breast Cancer Risk

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2743-2750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn B. Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Estrogen Plus Progestin

Abstract This transcript is based on my The Year in Basic Science lecture at ENDO 2008. I reviewed current data surrounding hormone replacement therapy and the relationship between systemic estrogen plus progestin (E+P) treatment and increased breast cancer risk, and I explored the hypothesis that women who develop breast cancer while on E+P had occult, undiagnosed disease before they started therapy. Beginning with recent hormone replacement therapy data focusing on E+P and its association with breast cancer to set the stage, the lecture then reviewed our newly published data that progestins expand breast cancer stem cells. Finally, the issues of occult or undiagnosed breast cancer in presumably healthy women, and of tumor dormancy in breast cancer survivors, were brought to bear on the discussion. Taken together, these apparently disparate themes allowed me to suggest the idea that systemic progestins have the ability to reawaken cancers that were presumed to be either nonexistent or cured. To avoid this potentially devastating outcome while retaining the benefits of E+P, I advocated the use of local P delivery methods, rather than the currently popular systemic routes.

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