scholarly journals Metacognitive Performance, the Tip-of-Tongue Experience, Is Not Disrupted in Parkinsonian Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin D. Oh-Lee ◽  
Sarah M. Szymkowicz ◽  
Stefanie L. Smith ◽  
Hajime Otani
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Motor Timing ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Timing Task ◽  
Student Control ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Elderly Control

The present study investigated whether a form of metamemory, the tip-of-tongue phenomenon (TOT), was affected in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The PD patient (), age-matched elderly control (), and college student control () groups were compared on a motor timing task and TOT measures. Motor timing was assessed using a cued hand-clapping task, whereas TOT was assessed using general knowledge questions. The results indicated that motor timing was significantly impaired in the PD group relative to both control groups. However, all of the TOT metacognitive measures: frequency, strength, and accuracy were statistically equivalent between the PD patients and elderly control groups, both of whom showed significantly better memory performance than college controls. These findings demonstrate that TOT metamemory is not compromised in PD patients, and that further insight into TOT mechanisms in PD may prove helpful in developing novel intervention strategies to enhance memory and general cognitive functions in these patients.

Does Strategic Memory Training Improve the Working Memory Performance of Younger and Older Adults?

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Carretti ◽  
Erika Borella ◽  
Rossana De Beni
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Strategic Training ◽  
Strategic Memory ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract. The paper examines the effect of strategic training on the performance of younger and older adults in an immediate list-recall and a working memory task. The experimental groups of younger and older adults received three sessions of memory training, teaching the use of mental images to improve the memorization of word lists. In contrast, the control groups were not instructed to use any particular strategy, but they were requested to carry out the memory exercises. The results showed that strategic training improved performance of both the younger and older experimental groups in the immediate list recall and in the working memory task. Of particular interest, the improvement in working memory performance of the older experimental group was comparable to that of the younger experimental group.

Worry and Defensive Pessimism: A Test of Two Intervention Strategies

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-258
Author(s):  
Ted Thompson ◽  
Brontë Mason ◽  
Iain Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Training ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Counterfactual Reasoning ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Defensive Pessimism ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
Post Test

AbstractThis study assessed the effectiveness of counterfactual reasoning and relaxation training in reducing worry and defensive pessimism. Thirty-three participants classified as both worriers and defensive pessimists were allocated to either counterfactual reasoning, relaxation training, or control groups. Participants in counterfactual reasoning and relaxation training groups attended four weekly training sessions. Significant reductions in worry between pre- and post-test were evident for scores on the Worry Domains Questionnaire, as well as a reduced tendency to engage in the kind of prototypical thinking characteristic of defensive pessimists as assessed by the Defensive Pessimism / Strategic Optimism Strategy Prototypes Questionnaire. Reductions were also evident in the percentage of the day spent worrying, the intrusiveness of worries, and ratings of the likelihood of worry events occurring.

Performance Enhancement for Ballroom Dancers: Psychological Perspectives

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patsy Tremayne ◽  
Debra A. Ballinger
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Mental Preparation ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Ballroom Dance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Insight Into

Ballroom dance has resurfaced worldwide as a highly popular competitive sport and might be added to Olympic medal competition for the 2012 London Games. This resurgence presents opportunities for sport psychologists to provide psychological-skills and performance-enhancement training for ballroom dancers at all competitive levels. Few sport psychologists have the personal experience, expertise, or an adequate knowledge base about the competitive-ballroom-dance environment to provide meaningful intervention strategies for participants. This article was developed to provide initial guidance for sport psychology professionals interested in working in this environment. An overview of the competitive-dance and ballroom-dance environment, strategies used by dance couples for enhanced mental preparation before and during dance competitions, and excerpts from an interview with an Australian championship-level couple provide readers insight into performance-enhancement strategies for DanceSport.

scholarly journals Time Between Overhaul vs Premature Removal Rates as Turbine Design Considerations

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Curry ◽  
A. C. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Aircraft Flight ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
Premature Removal ◽  
Insight Into

A general knowledge of aviation practices constituted the background for the identification of three distinct variables as the major drivers for engine removals in the operation of an aircraft. This study provides an insight into the interrelationships of the major drivers which determine engine removals for an aircraft: utilization rate (U), time between overhaul (TBO), and premature removal rate (PRR). Each of these elements is of concern to nearly every aircraft operator. For this study, it was assumed to be the same as aircraft flight hours per month.

Instructor and peer influence on college student use and perceptions of Wikipedia

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-257
Author(s):  
John C. Garrison
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Student Behavior ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Student Behaviors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This study aims to investigate how undergraduate students are influenced by instructors and peers in the ways that they use and think about Wikipedia for academic work. It examines the positive (encouraging the use of Wikipedia) and negative (discouraging the use of Wikipedia) influences of others and how these affect student behavior and attitudes. Design/methodology/approach Sixteen undergraduates participated in two meetings each with the principal investigator, each meeting consisting of a structured interview and a brief survey. Recorded interviews were analyzed by the investigator for patterns to compare participants’ responses. Findings Participants were more frequently and strongly influenced by instructors than by peers about Wikipedia, and this influence was for the most part perceived to be negative. However, the ways in which student behaviors and attitudes changed in response to this influence varied. Three categories or “influence types” emerged in the ways influence was manifested: receptive, independent and conflicted. Practical implications The findings of this study will aid instructors of undergraduate students by describing the likely reactions of those students to various ways of talking about Wikipedia. This information can help inform methods for teaching different kinds of students about the website. Originality/value Previous studies have shown how students use Wikipedia, as well as the attitudes of faculty toward Wikipedia. This study serves to bridge the gap between these areas, providing insight into how faculty and classmates’ attitudes influence student use of Wikipedia.

scholarly journals Analysis of Effectiveness of Quarantine Measures in Controlling COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Kaushik ◽  
Shaney Mantri ◽  
Shrishti Kaushik ◽  
Dhananjay Kalbande ◽  
B. N. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractCOVID-19 has created an interesting discourse among the people of the world particularly regarding preventive measures of infectious diseases. In this paper, the authors forecast the spread of the Coronavirus outbreak and study how the reduction of transmission rates influences its decline. The paper makes use of the SIR (Susceptible Infected Recovered) Model which is a deterministic model used in the field of epidemiology-based on differential equations derived from sections of the population. The Basic Reproduction Number (Ro) represents the criticality of the epidemic in numeric terms. Forecasting an epidemic provides insights about the geographic spreading of the disease and the case incidences required to better inform intervention strategists about situations that may occur during the outbreak. Through this research paper, the authors wish to provide an insight into the impact of control measures on the pandemic. By drawing a comparison of three countries and their quarantine measures, observations on the decline of the outbreak are made. Authors intend to guide the intervention strategies of under-resourced countries like India and aid in the overall containment of the outbreak.

SAT-183-High resolution insight into hepatitis B virus infection and immunity in Africa to inform on intervention strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. e710
Author(s):  
Anna Mcnaughton ◽  
José Lourenço ◽  
Phillip Armand Bester ◽  
Jolynne Mokaya ◽  
Sheila F Lumley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Insight Into

Combined effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and exercise on plasma catecholamine response

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Trabelsi ◽  
S. Cardin ◽  
R. Helie ◽  
G. R. Brisson ◽  
J. M. Lavoie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Catecholamine Response ◽  
Insight Into

2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) is a nonmetabolizable analogue of glucose that, by competitive inhibition of glucose utilization, produces a central neuroglucopenia and a peripheral hyperglycemia. This glucopenic agent was used to gain more insight into the combined effects of central glucopenia and exercise on plasma catecholamine response. This was carried out by comparing one group of exercising (26 m/min, 0% grade) rats injected with 2-DG (2-DG-EX; 250 mg/kg iv) with two control groups: one group of exercising rats injected with a saline solution (SAL-EX) and one group of resting rats injected with 2-DG (2-DG-RE). Significant (P less than 0.05) increases in blood glucose levels were observed 10 min after administration of 2-DG (7.2–13.8 and 7.3–12.4 mmol/l in 2-DG-EX and 2-DG-RE groups, respectively). These elevated blood glucose levels were maintained throughout the experiment in the 2-DG-RE condition but decreased in 2-DG-EX rats to levels observed in the SAL-EX group after 45 min of running (13.8–8.0 mmol/l). The combination of 2-DG-induced neuroglucopenia and exercise resulted in an additive response of norepinephrine (0.59 vs. 0.34 and 0.34 ng/ml; t = 12 min) and an amplified epinephrine response (1.4 vs. 0.37 and 0.31 ng/ml; t = 12 min) compared with the responses to each stimulus alone (2-DG-EX vs. 2-DG-RE and SAL-EX, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Microsoft Office: Gaining Insight into the Life of a College Student (B)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanbir Sawhney ◽  
Ashuma Ahluwalia ◽  
Yuliya Gab ◽  
Kevin Gardiner ◽  
Alan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight
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